Hurricane Frances
-
Upload
josiah-evans -
Category
Documents
-
view
51 -
download
0
description
Transcript of Hurricane Frances
![Page 1: Hurricane Frances](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56812a99550346895d8e4e8c/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Hurricane Frances
![Page 2: Hurricane Frances](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56812a99550346895d8e4e8c/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
MODIS view of Hurricane Frances(Note that eye is present but clouds at base of eye make it look cloudy throughout)
![Page 3: Hurricane Frances](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56812a99550346895d8e4e8c/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
FRANCES TRACK
![Page 4: Hurricane Frances](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56812a99550346895d8e4e8c/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Hurricane frequency
Frances
![Page 5: Hurricane Frances](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56812a99550346895d8e4e8c/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Hurricane Structure• Major Components
– Eye – Eyewall(s) – Rainbands (primary, secondary, outer)
• Regions– Core region – Outer region
• Other Components (not always present)– Eyewall mesovortices and swirls– Fine-scale rainbands
![Page 6: Hurricane Frances](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56812a99550346895d8e4e8c/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
From Willoughby (1988)
Structure of a hurricane: View from the top
![Page 7: Hurricane Frances](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56812a99550346895d8e4e8c/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Structure of a Hurricane in cross section
![Page 8: Hurricane Frances](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56812a99550346895d8e4e8c/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Theta-e fromSimulation(Liu et al 1997)
Conceptual
![Page 9: Hurricane Frances](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56812a99550346895d8e4e8c/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Light-shading: cloud and precipitationDark regions: convective eyewall and spiral rainbandsEIL: : Eye inversion layer (slash- hatched areas)OEA: occluded eye air with low e
(cross-hatched regions)MTD: moist downdrafts between the convective bandsSR: Spiral rainband updraftsRO: Return outflowSU: Sloping updraft of eyewallMI: Main inflowMO: Main outflowRI: Return inflowDF: Divergent flowVC: Forced vertical circulationLX: Lateral mixingGO: Gravity wave oscillationsMD: Mean decent in eyeDashed line: Freezing level
Schematic (radial–height) conceptual model of a mature hurricane in the inner-core region
![Page 10: Hurricane Frances](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56812a99550346895d8e4e8c/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Types of eyewall structure observed in hurricanes with radar
Symmetric single ring eyewall
![Page 11: Hurricane Frances](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56812a99550346895d8e4e8c/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
The double eyewall of Hurricane Gilbert (1988)(most intense Category 5 storm in western hemisphere)
![Page 12: Hurricane Frances](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56812a99550346895d8e4e8c/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Asymmetric eyewall of Hurricane Georges
![Page 13: Hurricane Frances](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56812a99550346895d8e4e8c/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
From Willoughby et al. (1984)
Inner Core Region:
1/ 2
onacceleratiCoriolis
onacceleratilcentrifuga
fv
rv
fr
v
1/2
onacceleratiCoriolis
onacceleratilcentrifuga
fv
rv
fr
vRo
PGF balancesCentrifugal acceleration
Inside eye, Rankine vortexApprox. (v(r) = VoR/r).
Outside gradient wind approx. is valid: (v2/r + fv –fvg = 0)
Parcels orbit eye inside core region
![Page 14: Hurricane Frances](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56812a99550346895d8e4e8c/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
From Willoughby et al. (1984)
Outside Core Region:
Coriolis force Important
Air passes around hurricane without orbiting
Convergent airflow alongthe right flank relativeto direction of motion(motion here to top ofpage)
1~/2
onacceleratiCoriolis
onacceleratilcentrifuga
fv
rv
fr
vRo
![Page 15: Hurricane Frances](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56812a99550346895d8e4e8c/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Principal Band: primary band of precipitation - typically extendingsoutheast from eyewall toward perimeter of hurricane
1/ 2
onacceleratiCoriolis
onacceleratilcentrifuga
fv
rv
fr
v
![Page 16: Hurricane Frances](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56812a99550346895d8e4e8c/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
1/ 2
onacceleratiCoriolis
onacceleratilcentrifuga
fv
rv
fr
v
Connecting Band: Sometimes connects Eyewall to Principal Band
![Page 17: Hurricane Frances](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56812a99550346895d8e4e8c/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Compare the conceptual model to Hurricane Frances
![Page 18: Hurricane Frances](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56812a99550346895d8e4e8c/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Inner core of Frances
Principal band
![Page 19: Hurricane Frances](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56812a99550346895d8e4e8c/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Radial velocity from Hurricane FrancesConceptual diagram
The inner core winds of Hurricane Frances
![Page 20: Hurricane Frances](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56812a99550346895d8e4e8c/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Eyewall Mesovortices
Wright and Bennett (1997)
Bertha 1996
Isabel 2003
![Page 21: Hurricane Frances](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56812a99550346895d8e4e8c/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
No suggestion of vortices in eye of Frances from satellite
![Page 22: Hurricane Frances](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56812a99550346895d8e4e8c/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Eye vortex
![Page 23: Hurricane Frances](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56812a99550346895d8e4e8c/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Gall et al. (1998)
Hurricanes also contain many fine scale bands
Hurricane Andrew (1992)
![Page 24: Hurricane Frances](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56812a99550346895d8e4e8c/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Hurricanes also contain many fine scale bands
Hurricane Hugo (1989)Gall et al. (1998)
![Page 25: Hurricane Frances](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56812a99550346895d8e4e8c/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Note the fine scale bands in Andrew
![Page 26: Hurricane Frances](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56812a99550346895d8e4e8c/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Fine scale bands in Frances