Hungul

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Project Report:On

HANGUL(Curies elaphus Hanglu)

Conservation

By

Parvaiz Ahmad Khan,

Edited and associated by:

Alam Bakshi

www.ite-kashmir.co.cc

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www.ite-kashmir.co.cc 2

PREFACE

I was working in social Forestry project (J&K) since more than two decades. I have joined the social

Forestry Project on 21.12.1982 when Social Forestry came into existence. My date of birth is 12.6.1961.

My qualification is matric with Science subjects. Writing is my hobby. In Social Forestry Project I have

written a project report under the heading My observation and research which has been appreciated by

the higher authorities of social Forestry project and by the principal Chief conservator of Forests (J&K).

I have completed one year (K.F.C) Kashmir Forestry Training course of Foresters at Kashmir Forest

Training School Chatter Nar Bandipora (J&K) in for the session 2000-2001.

Recently in 2004 I have been transferred to the Department of wildlife protection (J&K) I have completed

one month Training Course at Dachigam National Park. During this training period census survey of

Hangul was conducted by the department by wildlife protection (J&K). I have also took part in this census

survey where I meet Mrs. Neetu Sharma. After completion of census survey I have a chat with Neetu

Sharma for the welfare of Hongul population during survey period I worked on a project plan to increasethe number of Hongul population. I have given some briefing of this project to Neetu Sharma who have

encouraged me and also inspired me. I am highly thankful of God and Neetu Sharma who have helped me

to suggest such a project plan.

In the National Intress, it is my duty to contribute some thing for conservation of Hangul and for its wide

distribution. Best results are expected. My God help us.

Parvaiz Ahmad Khan,

Dy.Forester (J&K) Department,

Of wildlife protection south

Division Bijbehara (Kashmir)

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HANGUL (curies elaphus Hanglu) conservation project.

Written by parvaiz Ahmad Khan Dy. Forester (J&K) Department of wildlife protection south Division

Bijbehara (K.F.O) Kashmir Forestry Training course Trained.

Introduction:

Hangul is a beautiful creature of the world, bearing a pair of antlers, each containing upto twelve (12)

tones. It is also known as Kashmiri stage. It is brownish in colour, possing a small tail, the colour of its

four beneath nose to abdomen upto and is creamy to white. It is 48-50 inches in height and its length is

60-70 inches (aprox). Female gives 1-2 litters/year. It sheds its antlers annually. It is found in J&K State

at Dachigam National Park 20 Kms away from Srinagaer city (Capital of J&K State).

Hangul is a critically endangered species and hence needs full protection. It is the duty of the whole world

to preserve and protect such a noble creature. If this creature is not preserved and protected than there is a

danger of its excitention. I appeal each and every organization of the world, related with wildlife

conservation for the conservation and preservation of this noble creature. Steps should be taken for the

rehabilitation. Of Hangul. All related organizations should join hands with J&K wildlife protection

department for the welfare of hangul. They should give full support, in terms of financial, technical aid to

the J&K wildlife protection department.

Distribution:

Hangul is presently found in National Park Dachigam 20 Kms away from the capital of J&K State

(Srinager). Danchigam National Park have an area of 141 sp. Kms. Hangul is found in upper limits of thewhole National Park in summer season and in winter it is found in lower limits of the whole area of

Dachigam National Park. It is especially found at Dachigam Harvan, Shalimar, Khrew, Sonamarg,

Shakergah, Avera, Aru, and Pahalgam.

Problems of Hangul:

Actually the problem faced by Hangul is grazing in its habitat, which is due to the nomads, who

seasonally visit the region. The heavy grazing pressure by nomadic cattle on the whole region is only

hurdle that acts as a threat to our Hangul population. Heavy grazing pressure reduces the availability of

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food for our Hangul Population and occurs a great deal of disturbance among the Hangul population and

to its natural Habitat.

Effective grazing control measures should be adopted so that it should be stopped at an earliest.Needs of Hangul:

Only grass is not sufficient for Hangul population. Because Hangul should have also some nutritive foods

which will keep Hangul fit in all respects, for its successful survival, such plants, which bear nutritive

seeds should be planted in the areas, where Hangul is present. Hangul is fond of eating Horse Chestnuts

Aesculus indica breed, which is rich in vitamins, minerals and nutritive indegrantends. As per low of

nature only the fittest survive and weak one supersede. This law is obeyed by all wildlife. Thus the fittest

animal will escape from his predator and weak one will be the prey of its predator. So our Hangul needs abalanced diet. If we are able to provide the balanced diet (Horse Chestnut) to our Hangul. Then our

Hangul will be fit in all respects as (Plustree) acts in the wild. Which remains effective against adverse

conditions of climate, which also have a great tendency to bear all adverse conditions, only when we

provide Horse Chestnut seed to our Hangul. Then I am confident to say that due to the good health of

Hangul, which has been got from House Chestnut, our Hangul will escape from its predator and there will

be increase in our Hangul Population and for its wide distribution.

I have thought a plan project for the welfare and wide distribution of Hangul population which

reads as:-

STEPS FOR THE WELFARE AND PRESERVATION OF HANGUL AND FOR ITS WIDE

DISTRIBUTION:

1- Operation Horse Chestnut.2- Chek dames3- Installation of Deer Parks4- Effective communication.5- Anti grazing squad6- Anti poaching squad7- Financial requirements.

OPERATION HOURSE CHESTNUT DIBBLING (Aesculus Indica):

Description: Horse Chestnut plant is a soil binds plant is a soil binds plant, covering a large area, Huge in

structure, dense foliage of leaves and bran-chest, deciduous in nature, broad leaved species, colineniser,

hard wood poising, rapid transpiration, good for biosphere, biomass and biodiversity.

Distrubutation: Its distrubulation is especially in J&K (Kashmir) from upper and lower of whole

Himalayan region of Kashmir region especially in Dachigam National Park

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History and characteristic features of Horse Chestnut:

English Name: Horse Chestnut.Kashmiri Name: Handoon.

Urdu/Hindi Name: Ban Khod.

Botanical Name: Aesculus indica.Family sapindaca order: Angiosperm, Seed: Dicotyledonous, Leaves:- Simple leaved Plant, Broad leaved

species, Draught hardy specie. Dispersal: - By gravity time of flowering May-June seed ripping oct-Nov.

Altitude 22oo mts 300 mts. Survival percentage = 93%. Seeds per kg: 15-25 seed per kg.

Horse chestnut plant is an old plant species of the sub-continent. Its history is same as chinar (Plantinus

Orientals /plant Shepards, and nomads feed the seeds of H.C nut plant to their cattle as a nutritive food.

Which keeps the health of their cattle fit.

Horse chestnut seed is most nutritive food, possing a large quantity of vitamins, minerals and heat calorie

content and full fills the whole nutritive needs of our Hangul. House chestnut plantation is good for our

land ecosystem and acts as a cusion for our water bodies. Horse chestnut plant possess a large foliage of

Broad leaves thus providing hinging, perching place for avifauna, reptiles, insects and animals, House

chestnut plant sheds leaves annually thus providing a large amount of Biomass humus farm Yard Manure

(F.Y.M) thus helping plants by fixing Nitrogen content to our plants for their wide survival and

Distribution. Decoyed leaves of House chestt-Nut acts as a fodder for our Hangul and provides breading

ground for insects and reptiles. Due to large foliage of Horse chestnut plant. It has larger rate of

transpiration that helps to retain moisture, which is essential for growth of herbs and grass. House chestnut

plant possesses large foliage, which provides nesting place for birds and animals. House chestnut plant

preserves our water bodies and keeps water table in tact.

In a pure Forest crop House chestnut plantation is a biological control for the pure Forest crop against

diseases and uprooting especially in Fir First Crop (Abiees Pindrow) Crop. It increases the density of

Forest crop and it is a check against soil erosion and other adverse effect of climate.Both leaves and seed of House chestnut plant is a favorable and special diet for Hangul and other

herbivores.

AIMS AND OBJECTS OF HOUSE CHESTNUT DIBBLING PROGRAMME

House chestnut seed have greater survival percentage of germination as compared to other species.

It also costs low. So it saves a large amount of purchasing seed. Horse chestnut is draught hardly species.

It can be grown at any elevation. Direct dibbling of house chestnut shows best results. Thus saving the

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amount spend on establishment of nurseries. Because nurseries are not needed for house chestnut dibbling

method.

House chestnut groves faster in temperate zone. Naturally Kashmir region lies under temperate zone. So inKashmir House chestnut dibbling shows best results of survival. Thus House chestnut dibbling

programme will full fill all the requirement of our Hangul by providing a large amount of seeds, leaves

and natural habitat for our Hangul. Horse chestnut plantation is fit for our wildlife in all respects.

Horse chestnut dibbling operation should be carries out in particular protected area where Hangul is

found. So that all requirements of Hangul will be provided. Thus operation should be carried out in the

areas after leaving grass lands aside. Because grasslands are necessary for heribours. Horse chestnut

operation should be carried out at ridges of hillside and in Gullies of a Forest cover. From the dibbled seed

we may get large plantations of Horse Chestnut plants, which will yield a large amount of seed in future,

which will also be a key for our Hangul survival. By this method the physique of our Hangul will be the

best and he would have such a physique to escape from his predator and it is also essential for his wide

distributaries and survival.

House chestnut dibbling is essential because there are rear Horse chestnut plants in our protected areas. By

the method of dibbling of Horse chestnut we have a large number of House chestnut plantations, which in

turn will be fruitful to our wildlife conservation.

Areas where Horse chestnut dibbling should be carries out especially:

The operation Horse chestnut should be carried out at Dachigam National park, because there is

bulk population of Hangul. The operation should be carried out in trail area and at Aura, Aru, Pahalgam

areas. These areas need mass dibbling of Horse chestnut seed because these areas are the main

distrubulation for our Hangul population. Besides this these areas possess a huge areas fit for Horse

chestnut dibbling.

REQUIREMENTS OF OPERATION HORSE CHESTNUT DIBBLING:

1- Seed requirement:

Dachigam national park needs 10,000 tons of Horse chestnut seed (approx)and other protected areas need round about 3000 tons of Horse Chestnut seed (approx) in Fist

instance to full fill the nutritive need of our Hangul. The detail requirement of seed for Horse

Chestnut operation is possible after proper survey of the above-cited areas. I hope that by operation

dibbling we can get large plantations of Horse chestnut, which will prove best for our Hangul

rehabilitation and preservation.

2- Check dames: check dames should be constructed in Gullies of the Forest cover then massdibbling of Horse Chestnut should be carried out in these gullies. So that gully erosion and other

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erosion should be raised and a check should be kept on soil erosion. This will help us in bio-

diversity and will also prove beneficial to our wild life especially for our Hangul.

3-

Installation of Deer parks: For the wide spread of Hangul, Deer parks should be established inthose areas which were prone to Hangul population I,e Aura santery, Aru , Pahalgam, Daksum,

Hirpora, Kapwara etc. after installation of these Deer parks the Hangul should be put into the wild.

So that its wide distribution takes place a great check on grazing should be also put on the

protected areas.

4- Effective communication: All the member of wildlife department should be provided with allequipment of communications. So that prompt action will take place with out losing time. It will

give ___________ to all employees of wildlife department for the best protection and controls of

the wildlife. The communication equipments should be provided to all employees of wildlife

department from higher staff to lower staff. So that all the informations should be collected out

and saughted out at an earliest. Thus preventive measures can be taken at an earliest and prompt

action would be taken accordingly wherever necessary.

5- Anti grazing squad: For effective control of grazing, grazing squad should be constituted; Heavyfines should be put on the culprits who are connecting such offences. Rates should increase upon

the cattle, which are grazing in protected areas. Infiltrations of nomads should be strictly stopped

in protected areas. Ban should be imposed upon nomads for rooming in protected areas. Rate of

penalties should be also increased. Structures for cattle rearing if any found in protected areas

should be demolished. Prompt action should be taken during nomadic seasons so that grazing is

put under check and wild habitat will be saved.

6- Anti poaching squad (Task Force): Anti poaching squad should be established. So that raidswould be carried out where over necessary. To grab the poachers anti poaching squad should beprovided with latest arms (equipment) so that effective anti poaching is resulted. For the rapid

action anti poaching squad is badly needed with all communication facilities

7- Financial requirements: Govt. of J&K, and Center Govt. should abide by our financialrequirements; other organization of the world should also help our department by financially. So

that operation House Chestnut should be carried at an glance, all over the wildlife protected areas.

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Hangul is the only key species of the world. Hence it is an important duty for all people living in

the world to help the conservation, preservation of the Hangul. I appeal to all the authorities of the

wildlife through out the world to give full financial assistance to J&K wildlife department so thatthis noble creature is saved for excitation.

For carrying out operation Horse Chestnut dibbling. Huge amount is required to the department of

wildlife protection J&K. so each and every organization of the world should support wildlife

department and they should also help our department financially.

The project operation Horse Chestnut is fit for wide spread of our Hangul as for as my opinion is

concerned. I hope that by this project operation Horse Chestnut will be successful and would prove

better for diversity and will also help the wide distribution of Hangul population. I hope that there

should be positive response from all the organization of the world related to wildlife for welfare of our

Hangul population. By this operation there should be also be increase in Hangul population. Besides

this operation would help us to develop lush green Forest areas, which is necessary for the health

of________________ for all existing wildlife.

I hope that necessary steps should be taken in my suggested programme and this programme should be

adopted. Researches should be made on my operation House chestnut. So that we have a large number

of Hangul and its distribution should go out for a larger area. I would also think more and more for the

conservation, preservation, and protection of this noble creature.

Technically or if any mistaken is committed in this programme please inform me and please help me

to recover that mistake.

Author

Parvaiz Ahmad Khan,Dy. Forester wildlife department,South Division Bijbehara,

(K.F.C) Trained.

Contact Address:

Parvaiz Ahmad Khan, S/o: Mohd Ismail Khan R/o: Sheri-Kahsmir colony Anantnag P/o: Anantnag

Pin code NO: 19101 Phone No: 224264 Dy.Forester (K.F.C) Trained department of wildlife protection

south division Bijbehara.

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