Hungary in the 20th century
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Transcript of Hungary in the 20th century
TTHE TREATY OF
TRIANON4th June 1920
Hungary lost 75% of its territory
33% of the population was forced into another country
These people lost their Hungarian citizenship
This treaty had a major impact on the economy
Hungary had no access to the sea any more
Mines, factories, rail lines were taken away
The army was reduced to 35 000 men
Air force was banned
Navy was not allowed
THE HOLOCAUST
In 1941 Hungary joined the Second World War
Jews were listed, and ordered to wear yellow stars
They were also separated into ghettos
Every tenth Jewish victim was Hungarian in the concentration camps
The best known camp was in Auschwitz-Birkenau.
Jews were ordered to line up in rows of five and separated by gender
The Germans were looking for healthy labourers between the age of 16 and 40
The rest were gassed within a few hours
AFTER THE SECOND WORLD WAR
THE RÁKOSI REGIME
There was a totalitarian, one-party system
The leader of the Hungarian Communist party was Mátyás Rákosi
Hungary was the country of iron and steel
The Secret Police (ÁVH) was everywhere
1956 THE HUNGARIAN REVOLUTION AND WAR OF INDEPENDENCE
The people went to the streets and organized demonstrations
Imre Nagy the prime minister supported the freedom fighters
Finally the Soviet army won
Thousands of people were arrested
Imre Nagy was executed in 1958
A lot of people had to leave the country
1989
Janos Kadar was the leader of the Communist system
This system was called „goulasch-communism”
In the 1980s the censorship was made relaxed
The right to strike and demonstrate was legalized
Hundreds of Eastern-Germans entered the country
Hungary opened its western borderline for the German refugees
Hans Dietrich Genscher gave a speech about this historical step:
o Pro
‘Hungarians had already shown in 1956 how they felt about
communism, and in 1989 played a decisive and unequivocal role to bring about its collapse and open the whole of Europe to freedom
and democracy.’