Human Trafficking from Latin America and the Caribbean to Western Europe -- Victim Estimates
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Human Trafficking from Human Trafficking from Latin America and the Latin America and the Caribbean to Western Caribbean to Western Europe -- Victim Europe -- Victim Estimates Estimates Monday, October 25, 2004 IOM Conference Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic
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Monday, October 25, 2004 IOM Conference Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic. Human Trafficking from Latin America and the Caribbean to Western Europe -- Victim Estimates. Organization of American States Organización de los Estados Americanos. user oas:. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Transcript of Human Trafficking from Latin America and the Caribbean to Western Europe -- Victim Estimates
Human Trafficking from Latin Human Trafficking from Latin America and the Caribbean to America and the Caribbean to
Western Europe -- Victim EstimatesWestern Europe -- Victim Estimates
Monday, October 25, 2004
IOM Conference
Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic
Organization of American StatesOrganization of American States
Organización de los Estados AmericanosOrganización de los Estados Americanos
OAS Anti-TIP Coordinator PrioritiesOAS Anti-TIP Coordinator Priorities
1. Foster National Action by Governments
2. Advance Effective Best Practices
3. Help Implement OAS Projects and Training
4. Improve Cooperation with Governments outside the Western Hemisphere
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Survey of Information on Latin Survey of Information on Latin American and Caribbean TIP Victims in American and Caribbean TIP Victims in
certain European countries:certain European countries:
Switzerland Austria
Germany The Netherlands
Italy France
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SwitzerlandSwitzerland
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Swiss Government TIP Data:
Victims Accused Traffickers
1997 71 81
1998 69 119
1999 88 138
2000 75 105
SwitzerlandSwitzerland
Swiss NGO Data on Latin American Victims:
21 victims (26% of its victims were from Latin America)
NGO and press reports indicate a strong presence form Brazil, Colombia and Dominican Republic
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SwitzerlandSwitzerland
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SwitzerlandSwitzerland
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Swiss Government’s Estimates of TIP Victims:
The 2002 Swiss Federal Report on crime estimates that 1,500 to 3,000 illegal foreign prostitutes could
be victims of TIP.
The 2001 estimate was 2,200 to 3,700.
SwitzerlandSwitzerland
Persons Vulnerable to TIP:
Police estimate 14,000 Women in Prostitution
NGO Estimated Number of Foreign Women in Prostitution: 2,000 - 4,000
Estimated Number of Latin Women in Prostitution:
500 - 2,000
(Note: No clear data on Forced Labor)
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SwitzerlandSwitzerland
Legal Residents from Latin America
Brazilians -- 10,272 (7,465 women, 73%)
Colombians -- 3,610 (2,336 women, 65%)
Dominicans -- 5,257 (3,705 women, 70%)
Latin American and Caribbean Totals:
36,587 (23,438 women, 64%)
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SwitzerlandSwitzerland
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Swiss Government Issues “Artist” Visas:
1,800 women had artist visas (year 2001)
Brazilians (115) and Dominicans (212) were among the leading holders of these visas
AustriaAustria
Austrian Government Data on TIP Victims and Traffickers:
2003 -- 236 (233 women) victims identified
2003 -- 214 Traffickers arrested
2002 -- 168 Traffickers arrested
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AustriaAustria
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Austrian NGO TIP Data related to the LAC Region:
2003 -- assisted 415 women, many from DR, Venezuela, Chile
2002 -- assisted 208 women
2001 -- assisted 183 women
AustriaAustria
Persons Vulnerable to TIP:
Estimated Number of Foreign Women in Prostitution: 5,000 to 17,000
Estimated Number of Latin American or Caribbean Women in Prostitution:
500 to 2,000
(Note: No data on Forced Labor)
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AustriaAustria
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Austrian Government Issues “Artist” Visas
In 2002, the government issued 919 artist visas. It is unknown how many were issued to LAC nationals.
AustriaAustria
Legal Migration Data:
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001
DR 148 120 134 108 191 259
Brazil 219 250 273 305 321 345
Colombia 51 78 65 107 102 98
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AustriaAustria
Official Legal residents:
Brazil -- 1,409
Dominican Republic -- 1,293
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GermanyGermany
German Government TIP Data related to the LAC Region:
2000 -- 16 victims (5 traffickers)
2001 -- 24 victims (3 traffickers)
2002 -- 11 victims (4 traffickers)
2003 -- 16 victims (5 traffickers)
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GermanyGermany
German NGOs TIP Data related to the LAC Region:
In 1999 -- 80 Victims (Official Victims 8)
In 2000 -- 80 Victims (Official Victims 16)
In 2001 -- 99 Victims (Official Victims 24)
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GermanyGermany
Persons Vulnerable to TIP
Estimated Number of Foreign Women in Prostitution: 30,000 - 150,000
Estimated Number of Latin American Women in Prostitution: 3,000 - 15,000
(Note: No clear data on Forced Labor)
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GermanyGermany
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GermanyGermany
Legal Residents from Latin America:
Brazilians -- 25,844 (18,869 women, 73%)
Argentines -- 6,543 (3,560 women, 55%)
Colombians -- 7,964
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The NetherlandsThe NetherlandsDutch Government TIP Data related to the LAC
Region:
1995: 19 victims (12% of total victims)
1996: 5 victims (4%)
1997: 10 victims (6%)
1998: 6 victims (24%)
1999: 11 victims (15%)
2000: 7 victims (2%)
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The NetherlandsThe NetherlandsDutch Government’s Estimates of TIP Victims:
The Bureau of the Dutch National Rapporteur on Human Trafficking estimates that each year
3,500 women become victims of trafficking in the Netherlands.
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The NetherlandsThe Netherlands
Residency Status Granted to Foreign TIP Victims from Latin American and Caribbean (1996-2002):
14 Applications (2% of total)
10 Granted ( 2% of total)
At least 30 Latin Americans labor TIP victims are being rehabilitated in an NGO
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The NetherlandsThe Netherlands
Persons Vulnerable to TIP:
NGO Estimated Number of Foreign Women in Prostitution: 13,000 - 20,000
Estimated Number of Latin and Caribbean Women in Prostitution: 1,300 - 2,000
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ItalyItaly
Italian Government TIP Data on Victims from Latin America:
Colombians: 124 (mainly working as prostitutes on the streets) 2.1% of all victims of year 2001.
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ItalyItaly
Persons Vulnerable to TIP
Estimated Number of Foreign Women in Prostitution: 15,000 - 20,000
Estimated Number of Latin American Women in Prostitution: ??
(Note: No clear data on Forced Labor)
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ItalyItaly
Persons Vulnerable to TIP:Repatriations and Denied Entries (Jan. - Oct. 2003):
South American 2,265Ecuador 649
Brazil 573
Colombia 425
Peru 211
Bolivia 158
Venezuela 86
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ItalyItaly
Persons Vulnerable to TIP:
Repatriations and Denied Entries (Jan. - Oct. 2003):
Caribbean and Central America 274
Dominican Republic 133
Cuba 74
Jamaica 14
Others 53
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FranceFrance
French Government TIP Data:
2003: 900 Victims
TIP Arrests:
2000: 472 Traffickers
2001: 466 Traffickers
2002: 643 Traffickers
2003: 709 Traffickers
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FranceFrance
French Government TIP Data related to the LAC Region (year 2003):
26 Total Victims (21 women; 5 men; 2.2% of all)
Brazil 9 Ecuador 6 Colombia 2
Peru 2 Venezuela 3 Argentina 1
Chile 1 Guyana 1 Cuba 1
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Conclusions and ObservationsConclusions and Observations
Latin Americans and Caribbean constitute a significant minority of TIP victims in Western Europe and with steady migration this is likely to continue.
Most victims come from: Brazil Colombia Dominican Republic Growing numbers come from Ecuador and Peru.
Many European governments admit a significant number of victims remain unidentified.
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Conclusions and ObservationsConclusions and Observations
High number of traffickers arrested to victims found.
Complicated residency and employment laws in most European countries mean most LAC women in prostitution are working illegally and vulnerable.
So-called “Artist” visas often create TIP vulnerability.
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Conclusions and ObservationsConclusions and Observations
European institutions -- the EU, the OSCE and national governments -- are focused mainly on TIP from Eastern European source countries.
The LAC region needs to work with the Europeans to improve anti-TIP information exchange and find more opportunities for partnership.
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Thank you for your attention.
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