Human Trafficking Awareness

Joseph D. Pepe, Ed. D, MSA Health Officer - Hendry and Glades Counties

January 2019

Applying the Public Health Model

Public Health Issue Human trafficking is a public health issue that impacts individuals, families, and communities. • Traffickers disproportionately target at-

risk populations including individuals who have experienced or been exposed to other forms of violence.

(child abuse and maltreatment, interpersonal violence and assault, community and gang violence) and individuals disconnected from stable support networks (runaway and homeless youth, unaccompanied minors, persons displaced during natural disasters).

Source: https://www.acf.hhs.gov/sites/default/files/otip/fact_sheet_human_trafficking_fy18.pdf

Previous trauma research: According to the CDC those who are victims of one form of violence

are likely to experience other forms of violence.

• There is evidence to suggest that experiencing one type of victimization can lead to a doubling or tripling of the risk for another type of victimization.

• Those who have been violence in one context are likely to be violent in another context.

• Beyond physical injuries and deaths these issues include a broad range of mental, emotional and physical health, and social problems that have effects across the lifespan.

• Exposure to violence increases the risk of depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety, sleep and eating disorders, and suicide and suicide attempts. There is also a strong association between violence and infectious disease, especially HIV and other sexually transmitted infections.

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[CELLRANGE], [VALUE] [CELLRANGE], [VALUE]

TOTAL LIFETIME COSTS OF CHILD MALTREATMENT IN 2010 DOLLARS X. FANG ET AL. / CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 36 (2012) 156–165

Total Costs: $123.8B Non Fatal-$121.6 B Fatal- $2.2B

What is Trafficking?

Definition of Trafficking in Persons The Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000 (TVPA), as amended (22 U.S.C. § 7102), defines “severe forms of trafficking in persons” as: Sex trafficking: the recruitment, harboring, transportation, provision, obtaining, patronizing, or soliciting of a person for the purpose of a commercial sex act, in which the commercial sex act is induced by force, fraud, or coercion, or in which the person induced to perform such act has not attained 18 years of age; (and) Labor trafficking: the recruitment, harboring, transportation, provision, or obtaining of a person for labor or services, through the use of force, fraud, or coercion for the purpose of subjection to involuntary servitude, peonage, debt bondage, or slavery https://www.acf.hhs.gov/otip

Trafficking vs. Smuggling

How Victims are Trafficked

National Rankings by # Cases Reported

Source: https://humantraffickinghotline.org/states

Note: Statistics are not # of confirmed cases.

2018 Statistics

In SW Florida

March 2015 January 2019

June 2017

Medical Response On June 11, 2018 the National Center for Health Statistics and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention added new data collection fields for 2019. New ICD 10 codes. Under Adult and child abuse, neglect and other maltreatment, confirmed •T74.51 – Adult forced sexual exploitation, confirmed •T74.52 – Child sexual exploitation, confirmed •T74.6 – Forced labor exploitation, confirmed •T74.61 – Adult forced labor exploitation, confirmed •T74.62 – Child forced labor exploitation, confirmed Under Adult and child abuse, neglect and other maltreatment, suspected •T76.5 – Forced sexual exploitation, suspected •T76.51 – Adult forced sexual exploitation, suspected •T76.52 – Child sexual exploitation, suspected •T76.6 – Forced labor exploitation, suspected •T76.61 – Adult forced labor exploitation, suspected •T76.62 – Child forced labor exploitation, suspected Under Encounter for examination and observation for other reasons •Z04.81 - Encounter for examination and observation of victim following forced sexual exploitation •Z04.82 - Encounter for examination and observation of victim following forced labor exploitation Under Problems related to upbringing: Personal history of abuse in childhood •Z62.813 - Personal history of forced labor or sexual exploitation in childhood Under Personal risk factors, not elsewhere classified: Personal history of psychological trauma, not elsewhere classified •Z91.42 - Personal history of forced labor or sexual exploitation

Source: https://www.acf.hhs.gov/otip/news/icd-10

Resources

Abuse Counseling and Treatment, Inc. Hotline:(239) 939-3112 Phone: (239) 939-2553 Fort Myers, FL Catholic Charities, Diocese of Venice Human Trafficking Victim Assistance Phone: +1 (239) 738-8722 Bonita Springs, FL Human Trafficking Resource Center at Florida Gulf Coast University Hotline:(239) 677-6162 Phone: (239) 745-4276 Fort Myers, FL National Human Trafficking Hotline 1-888-373-7888 Text 233733

Path2Freedom, Inc. Hotline:(239) 398-9961 Phone: (239) 398-9961 Naples, FL South West Florida Regional Human Trafficking Coalition Hotline:(239) 939-3112 Phone: (239) 939-2553 Fort Myers, FL The Shelter for Abused Women & Children Hotline:(239) 775-1101 24/7 Naples, FL Wings of Shelter Phone: (239) 340-2980

Legal Remedies for Victims

Human Trafficking Expungement Section 943.0583, Florida Statutes, allows a victim of human trafficking to petition for the expungement of the record, with certain exceptions, of any conviction, or of an arrest or the filing of charges, for an offense committed or reported to have been committed while he/she was a victim of human trafficking, and as a result of his/her having been such a victim (i.e., “as a part of the human trafficking scheme of which the person was a victim or at the direction of an operator of the scheme”). If the petition is granted by the court, a court order under this statute will be forwarded, by the Clerk of Court, for FDLE compliance. Human trafficking expungement is entirely a judicial proceeding and does not require an application for certification of eligibility. Contact the Clerk of Court, the State Attorney or Statewide Prosecutor in the county of jurisdiction for additional information. Source: http://www.fdle.state.fl.us/Seal-and-Expunge-Process/Human-Trafficking-Expungement.aspx

Training Resources

Link to Course: http://www.fdle.state.fl.us/Media/BPDtraining/HumanTrafficking/story_flash.html

Local Initiatives

• FIU partnership with FDOH

• Behavioral First AID • Trauma Informed

Community • Awareness training

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http://slavefreeflorida.org/

Public Health System

Schools

Community Centers

Employers

Transit

Elected Officials

Doctors

EMS

Law Enforcement

Nursing Homes

Fire

Corrections

Mental Health

Faith Institutions

Civic Groups

Non-Profit Organizations

Neighborhood Organizations

Laboratories

Home Health

CHCs

Hospitals

Tribal Health

Drug Treatment

Public Health Agency

Questions

Joseph D. Pepe, Ed. D. MSA Health Officer

Charlotte, Hendry and Glades Counties Joseph.Pepe@flhealth.gov