Human Skeletal SystemHuman Skeletal System

Types of JointsTypes of Joints

Fibrous Joints (Immovable)Fibrous Joints (Immovable)

Fibrous joints connect bones without Fibrous joints connect bones without allowing any movement.allowing any movement.

Sometimes called suturesSometimes called suturesEx. Skull, pelvis, teethEx. Skull, pelvis, teeth

Cartilaginous JointsCartilaginous Joints

Joints where bones are attached by cartilage. Joints where bones are attached by cartilage. These joints allow for only a little movement, These joints allow for only a little movement,

such as in the spine or such as in the spine or ribs.ribs.

Synovial JointsSynovial Joints

Synovial joints allow for much more Synovial joints allow for much more movement. movement.

Cavities between bones in synovial joints Cavities between bones in synovial joints are filled with synovial fluid. This fluid are filled with synovial fluid. This fluid helps lubricate and protect the bones. helps lubricate and protect the bones.

There are many types of synovial joints.There are many types of synovial joints.

Types of Synovial JointsTypes of Synovial Joints

HingeHingeSaddleSaddleBall and SocketBall and SocketEllipsoidEllipsoidPivotPivotGlidingGliding

Hinge JointHinge Joint

Allows extension and retraction of a limb. Allows extension and retraction of a limb. They allow a movement of 180° in one planeThey allow a movement of 180° in one planeEx. Elbow or kneeEx. Elbow or knee

Saddle JointSaddle Joint

Allows movement back and forth and up Allows movement back and forth and up and down, but does not allow for rotation.and down, but does not allow for rotation.

The thumb is the only example.The thumb is the only example.

Ball and SocketBall and SocketAllows for radial movement in almost any Allows for radial movement in almost any

direction. direction. Ex. hips and shoulders Ex. hips and shoulders rounded head of one bone fits into the rounded head of one bone fits into the

hollow, cup-shaped sockethollow, cup-shaped socket

Ellipsoid Joint (Condyloid)Ellipsoid Joint (Condyloid)

Similar to a ball and socket joint. Similar to a ball and socket joint. Allow the same type of movement to a Allow the same type of movement to a

lesser magnitude. lesser magnitude. Ex. KnucklesEx. Knuckles

Gliding JointGliding Joint

In a gliding or plane joint bones slide past In a gliding or plane joint bones slide past each other. each other.

Ex. Midcarpal and midtarsal joints Ex. Midcarpal and midtarsal joints Hand and footHand and foot

Pivot JointPivot Joint

Allow rotation around an axis. Allow rotation around an axis. Ex. neck and forearm. Ex. neck and forearm. In the neck the occipital bone spins over In the neck the occipital bone spins over

the top of the axis. In the the top of the axis. In the forearmsforearms the the radius and ulna twist around each other. radius and ulna twist around each other.

Quicktime Demo

ReferencesReferences

http://http://www.shockfamily.netwww.shockfamily.net/skeleton/JOINTS.HTML/skeleton/JOINTS.HTML

http://www.everydayhealth.com/arthritis/understanding/index.aspx?phttp://www.everydayhealth.com/arthritis/understanding/index.aspx?p==

http://www.rushcliffe-school.co.uk/PE/Documents/Types%20of%20Joints%20and%20http://www.rushcliffe-school.co.uk/PE/Documents/Types%20of%20Joints%20and%20Articulations.pdfArticulations.pdf

http://www.saburchill.com/chapters/chap0008.htmlhttp://www.saburchill.com/chapters/chap0008.html

http://www.besthealth.com/besthealth/bodyguide/reftext/html/skel_sys_fin.htmlhttp://www.besthealth.com/besthealth/bodyguide/reftext/html/skel_sys_fin.html

http://www.sci.port.ac.uk/rad/anatomy/05/004.htmhttp://www.sci.port.ac.uk/rad/anatomy/05/004.htm

http://www.botany.uwc.ac.za/sci_Ed/grade10/manphys/joints.htmhttp://www.botany.uwc.ac.za/sci_Ed/grade10/manphys/joints.htm

http://www.bbc.co.uk/science/humanbody/body/factfiles/joints/ellipsoidal_joint.shtmlhttp://www.bbc.co.uk/science/humanbody/body/factfiles/joints/ellipsoidal_joint.shtml

http://www.dummies.com/WileyCDA/DummiesArticle/Articulating-the-Importance-of-http://www.dummies.com/WileyCDA/DummiesArticle/Articulating-the-Importance-of-Joints-in-Anatomy.id-1209.html Joints-in-Anatomy.id-1209.html