Human Rights & Technology
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Transcript of Human Rights & Technology
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HUMAN RIGHTS &
TECHNOLOGY
Mathias Klang
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TECHNOLOGY & RIGHTS?Why & What
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TECHNOLOGY IS NOT ABOUT DEMOCRACYTechnology = Communication = Society = Democracy
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CommunicationCommunication
OrganizationOrganization
ProtestProtest AccessAccess
ReligionReligion
PrivacyPrivacyCultureCulture
EducationEducation
PressPress
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THERE ARE NO SIDEWALKS ONLINE
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LIFE IS ORGANIZED AROUND TECHNOLOGY……and it always has been….
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BY CONTROLLING TECHNOLOGY WE CONTROL SOCIETY
Regulation of technology is the regulation of democracy
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SO WHAT?
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SO WHAT?
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DISRUPTIVE TECHNOLOGYThe disruption occurs when the technology, which is introduced effects the social arrangements around which we build our lives
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IMPULSE: CONTROL
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ANTIDOTE?Free Software
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REGULATIONFrom Command and Control to Fuller & Lessig
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WHAT’S WRONG WITH COMMAND AND CONTROL?It relies to heavily upon coercion and cooperation.
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ONLINE OFFLINE
“We are forming our own Social Contract. This governance will arise according to the conditions of our world, not yours. Our world is different.” (Barlow 1996)
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Regulatory Metaphor
Law
Social RulesContextual & programed
Architecture
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Lessig (1999)
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CASES
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SPEECH & CENSORSHIPCase 1:
Censorship
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Information Control
• Local– Client based (software4parents, matewatcher)
• Organizational– Server based
• National– Backbone/gateway based
Censorship
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Filtering methods
• Inclusion - whitelist• Exclusion - blacklist• Content analysis
Censorship
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Privatizing Censorship
• Non-technical/self censorship– “Public Pledge of Self-Regulation & Professional
Ethics for China Internet Industry”
• Responsibility on the signatories:– Inspect & monitor foreign & domestic sites– Block harmful information
Censorship
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SURVEILLANCECase 2:
Surveillance
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Integrity
• That the individual shall have full protection in person and in property is a principle as old as the common law; but it has been necessary from time to time to define anew the exact nature and extent of such protection.
• Brandeis & Warren 1890
Surveillance
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• Louis Brandeis & Samuel Warren "The Right to Privacy," 4 Harvard Law Review 193-220 (1890-91)
Surveillance
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Technology 1888
• 1888 - Kodak nr 1 • First mass produced box • Simple and portable• Shot exposure
Surveillance
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Paparazzi (1898)Surveillance
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Reklam (1902)
• Robertson v. Rochester Folding Box Co (1902)
• The court did not accept Brandeis & Warrens argument of a “common law” right
Surveillance
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Hidden camera 1928
• Execution of Ruth Snyder 1928
Surveillance
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SurveillanceSurveillance
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Little brothers
A must for anyone who needs to protect their loved ones, home or business!
Surveillance
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TARGETING TECHNOLOGYCase 3: The Lufthansa Case
DoS
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Denial of Service - examples• 1998 DoS attack against the Mexican president’s
website.• 8,000 hacktivists participated to show their support for
the Zapatistas. • In 2003 the electrohippies antiwar protest disrupted the
PM’s webpage (www.number-10.gov.uk/) causing it to be unavailable on several occasions.
DoS
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• Three way handshake (Gibson: www.grc.com)
Denial of Service - technologyDoS
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Denial of Service - the players
• The Electrohippies – Practitioners – Now on walkabout
• The Cult of the Dead Cow– Claim the name Hacktivism
DoS
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• Accountability: “…we do not try bury our identities from law enforcement authorities any authority could, if it chose to, track us down in a few hours.”
• Popular participation: If people don't vote with their modems (rather than voting with their feet) the action would be an abject failure”
• Symbolism rather than damage
The Arguments: ElectohippiesDoS
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The Arguments 2: Dead Cow
• “No rationale, even in the service of the highest ideals, makes them anything other than what they are -- illegal, unethical, and uncivil” (Ruffin 2000).
DoS
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SOLIDARITYCase 4: Green Twitter, Location Tehran, Facebook for Monks
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Arik Fraimovich (@arikfr)set up helpiranelection.com & seeks support for the protesters in Iran. Support by “greening” the Twitter avatar
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ORGANISATION
HSBCFRA & the Bloggquake (bloggbävning)
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COMMUNICATIONCase 6
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Thank you!