Human Reproductive System

By: Abdelrahman Mohamed, Ibrahima Barry, and Adnan Hussian THE BIOLOGISTS

Question?

What are the structures of the human reproductive system?

Male Reproductive System

The function of the male reproductive system is to produce sperm the male sex cells, and their delivery to the female.

Testis

The testis are found In a sac called the scrotum. The scrotum is a sac that hangs under the penis and holds the testes. It has an outer layer of thin, wrinkled skin over a layer of tissue which contains muscle. The testis are the main sperm producers in the male reproductive system

Penis The penis is the external sex organ of the

male through which both urine and semen pass. The penis transfers sperm to the woman's body during sexual intercourse. The penis becomes erect during sexual excitement, because extra blood is pumped into spongy tissues, resulting in enlargement and hardening which allows penetration into the female organ.

Image of Male Reproductive System

Female Reproductive System

The main functions of the female reproductive system are to produce eggs, which are the female sex cells, to receive sperm, and provide an environment for the fertilized egg to develop.

Menstruation

Menstruation is the shedding of the uterine lining. It occurs on a regular basis in reproductive-age females of certain mammal species. Over menstruation where there is bleeding from the uterus through the vagina is found primarily in humans.

Image of Menstruation Cycle

Ovaries The ovaries are a pair of oval or

almond-shaped glands which lie on either side of the uterus. The two ovaries take turns producing one egg cell in each month and switch in the next. The ovaries produce a female hormone, called estrogen, and store female sex cells. The female, unlike the male, does not manufacture the sex cells.

Oviduct

Is the tube that transports the eggs from the ovary to the uterus

Uterus The uterus or "womb" is a hollow,

muscular organ in which the zygote becomes embedded and in which the egg is nourished and allowed to develop until birth. The uterus usually tilts forward at a ninety degree angle to the vagina, although in about 20%% of women, it tilts backwards.

Cervix

The lower one-third of the uterus is the tubular "cervix," which extends downward into the upper portion of the vagina. It serves as a communicator between the uterus and the vagina.

Vagina

The vagina which is a muscular passage which connects the neck of the uterus (called the "cervix") with the external genitals. The vagina has three functions: as a receptacle for the penis during love-making; as a outlet for blood during menstruation; and as a passageway for the baby to pass through at birth.

Image of Female Reproductive System

Fertilization Human fertilization is the union of a human egg and

sperm, usually occurring in the ampulla of the uterine tube. The process of fertilization involves a sperm fusing with an ovum—usually following ejaculation during sexual intercourse. Upon encountering the ovum, the sperm produces enzymes which allow it to burrow through the outer jelly coat of the egg. The sperm plasma then fuses with the egg's plasma membrane, the sperm head disconnects from its flagellum and the egg travels down the Fallopian tube to reach the uterus.

Image of Fertilization

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