Human Locomotion Focus on Walking Taylor Murphy HSS 537.
-
Upload
deborah-david -
Category
Documents
-
view
224 -
download
1
Transcript of Human Locomotion Focus on Walking Taylor Murphy HSS 537.
Objectives
Understand the relationship between center of gravity, stability, and mobility
Know the importance of force Identify the importance of the
transition from standing to walking Understand the fundamentals of
walking Review the main points of locomotion
Important Terminology
Center of Gravity (COG): the balance point or point where all the weight of the body or object is concentrated
Stability: when an object is in equilibrium
Mobility: when an object is in motion
Center of Gravity
Two conditions must be met: All the linear forces acting on the
body must be balanced All the rotary forces (torques) must be
balanced Location of COG of humans in
normal standing position varies with body build, age, and sex
Stability and Equilibrium
All objects at rest are in equilibrium All objects at rest are not equally stable Stable Equilibrium Unstable Equilibrium Neutral Equilibrium
Factors Affecting Stability
Size of base of support Height of the COG Relation of the line of gravity to the
base of support
Gait Cycle
Gait Cycle: is the continuous repetitive pattern of walking or running
Gait Cycle is comprised of 2 phases Stance Phase:
Heel Strike Foot Strike Mid Stance Toe Off
Swing Phase: Acceleration Mid Swing Deceleration
Additional Walking Terminology
Stride: is from heel strike on one leg to the next heel strike with the same leg
Stride Length: is the distance covered during a single stride
Step: begins with the heel strike of one leg and ends with the heel strike of the contralateral, or opposite, leg
Objectives of Gait
Maintain balance Produce/Resist/dissipate forces Move body in intended direction Conserve energy Shock Absorption
In Conclusion
Normal Locomotion is achieved with complex combinations of stability, mobility, motor control, and force
These factors will work congruently to provide the most shock-absorbing and energy efficient forward movement
References
BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 17.6 (2005): 1-9. Print.
Kinesiology: Scientific Basis of Human Motion. 11th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2008. Print.
Normal Human Locomotion, Part 1: Basic Concepts and Terminology 6 (2006): 1-8. Print.
Normal Human Locomotion, Part 2: Motion, Ground Reaction Force and Muscle Activity 6 (2006): 9-17. Print.
Sports Injury Clinic. Sports Injury Clinic, 23 Apr. 2008. Web. 20 Nov. 2009.
<http://www.sportsinjuryclinic.net/cybertherapist/general/gait_analysis.php>.