Human Life Sciences Constraints in Space Flight Low Sample Size Sufficient numbers of subjects for...

3
Human Life Sciences Constraints in Space Flight ize numbers of subjects for meaningful results can be difficult, may r lights over years. cts of weightlessness not known activity associated with mission operations, deliberate exercise sures, environmental parameters, sleep shifting, psychological fact vestigations, medical treatment, etc. estigative and diagnostic methods are often not possible control and scientific rigor may be less than ‘gold standard’ condi oratories. s serve as subjects, operators, lab techs, data managers, etc, in o other flight duties takes a little longer in micro gravity…. ** For the most part, it works. **

Transcript of Human Life Sciences Constraints in Space Flight Low Sample Size Sufficient numbers of subjects for...

Page 1: Human Life Sciences Constraints in Space Flight Low Sample Size Sufficient numbers of subjects for meaningful results can be difficult, may require multiple.

Human Life Sciences Constraints in Space Flight

Low Sample SizeSufficient numbers of subjects for meaningful results can be difficult, may require multiple flights over years.

Absolute effects of weightlessness not known Physical activity associated with mission operations, deliberate exercise countermeasures, environmental parameters, sleep shifting, psychological factors, medical investigations, medical treatment, etc.

Standard investigative and diagnostic methods are often not possible Levels of control and scientific rigor may be less than ‘gold standard’ conditions in ground laboratories. Crewmembers serve as subjects, operators, lab techs, data managers, etc, in addition to other flight duties

Everything takes a little longer in micro gravity….

** For the most part, it works. **

Page 2: Human Life Sciences Constraints in Space Flight Low Sample Size Sufficient numbers of subjects for meaningful results can be difficult, may require multiple.

ISS Onsite Analysis, Diagnosis and Research

Blood: HCT, simple electrolytes and enzymes (portable clinical blood analyzer, ‘Reflotron’ analyzer)

Urine: basic reagent stick analysis

Physical exam: body mass, vital signs, pulse oximetry, medical reports (IFEP)

Imagery: Ultrasound (echocardiography, abdominal U/S, etc)

ECG, 12 lead real time and 24 hr ambulatory monitoring

Pulmonary function / spirometry

Environmental:

Water – total organic carbon, microbiology (colony count), coliformsNoise – environmental levels, personal dosimetry, audiologyAtmosphere – basic constituents, volatile organics, microbial (colony count)Radiation – area counts

Page 3: Human Life Sciences Constraints in Space Flight Low Sample Size Sufficient numbers of subjects for meaningful results can be difficult, may require multiple.

Potential Expanded Onsite Analysis for Space Flight

Blood Parameters: white blood cell count and differential, metabolic makers (bone, muscle breakdown products), expanded blood chemical constituents, key interest hormonal assays

Urine Parameters: metabolic markers (bone, muscle), hormonal assays

Microbial culture and sensitivity: for body fluids, wounds, sampling sites

Bone densitometry, direct or proxy

Radiation, personal dosimetry

Environmental:

Expanded air and water sampling, such that all requirements met by onsite analysis


Developing Meaningful Goals - Handouts Meaningful...Sufficient training or preparation for advanced training in either academic or vocational fields so as to enable each child to choose

Developing Meaningful Goals - Handouts Meaningful...Sufficient training or preparation for advanced training in either academic or vocational fields so as to enable each child to choose

DATA QUALITY AND INFORMATION LOSS IN ......periods is vital to achieve sufficient data quality and meaningful results [3]. A theory-driven approach for defining the optimal number

DATA QUALITY AND INFORMATION LOSS IN ......periods is vital to achieve sufficient data quality and meaningful results [3]. A theory-driven approach for defining the optimal number

Find Your Why: Meaningful Work, Meaningful Life

Find Your Why: Meaningful Work, Meaningful Life

Database Programming Sections 9 – Constraints. Marge Hohly2 CONSTRAINT TYPES NOT NULL Constraints UNIQUE Constraints PRIMARY KEY Constraints FOREIGN.

Database Programming Sections 9 – Constraints. Marge Hohly2 CONSTRAINT TYPES NOT NULL Constraints UNIQUE Constraints PRIMARY KEY Constraints FOREIGN.

NEW GARDEN COMMUNITIES - Save Marden · New Garden Communities need to be of a sufficient scale to deliver meaningful supporting infrastructure. The Government defines ‘garden villages’

NEW GARDEN COMMUNITIES - Save Marden · New Garden Communities need to be of a sufficient scale to deliver meaningful supporting infrastructure. The Government defines ‘garden villages’

Meaningful Use Workgroup Pathways for Meaningful Use Stage 3

Meaningful Use Workgroup Pathways for Meaningful Use Stage 3

Database Programming Sections 10 – Constraints. Marge Hohly2 CONSTRAINT TYPES NOT NULL Constraints UNIQUE Constraints PRIMARY KEY Constraints

Database Programming Sections 10 – Constraints. Marge Hohly2 CONSTRAINT TYPES NOT NULL Constraints UNIQUE Constraints PRIMARY KEY Constraints

Lecture 03 Constraints. Example Schema CONSTRAINTS.

Lecture 03 Constraints. Example Schema CONSTRAINTS.

Expanding Airport Capacity under Constraints in Large Urban … · 2011. 8. 26.  · Frankfurt, Munich and Zurich Airport were seen as sufficient to absorb the local demand for intercontinental

Expanding Airport Capacity under Constraints in Large Urban … · 2011. 8. 26.  · Frankfurt, Munich and Zurich Airport were seen as sufficient to absorb the local demand for intercontinental

Meaningful Social Studies & Meaningful Learning

Meaningful Social Studies & Meaningful Learning

Meaningful Learning - orianit.edu-negev.gov.il · Meaningful Learning * Meaningful Learning engages students – emotionally – socially – cognitively Meaningful Learning promotes

Meaningful Learning - orianit.edu-negev.gov.il · Meaningful Learning * Meaningful Learning engages students – emotionally – socially – cognitively Meaningful Learning promotes

11 January 2007 Constraints - Finite Domains 1 Constraints – Finite Domains Advanced Constraints Cardinality Constraints Propositional Constraints Constructive.

11 January 2007 Constraints - Finite Domains 1 Constraints – Finite Domains Advanced Constraints Cardinality Constraints Propositional Constraints Constructive.

Design of CMOS Low-Noise Amplifiers - · PDF file3 LNA Design ConstraintsLNA Design Constraints Noise Figure Sufficient gain Degradation in Signal-to-Noise ratios as the signal passes

Design of CMOS Low-Noise Amplifiers - · PDF file3 LNA Design ConstraintsLNA Design Constraints Noise Figure Sufficient gain Degradation in Signal-to-Noise ratios as the signal passes

THE WORLD TODAY IS ALREADY CONNECTED IN WAYS THAT … · predictive and prescriptive analysis can be performed with sufficient granularity to enable meaningful insights to be derived

THE WORLD TODAY IS ALREADY CONNECTED IN WAYS THAT … · predictive and prescriptive analysis can be performed with sufficient granularity to enable meaningful insights to be derived

Amit ZoranHybrid Craft · 2019-03-25 · sets of tools to ful)ll technical needs or constraints while embodying meaningful symbolic and aesthetic values. Many designers, though, cannot

Amit ZoranHybrid Craft · 2019-03-25 · sets of tools to ful)ll technical needs or constraints while embodying meaningful symbolic and aesthetic values. Many designers, though, cannot

Infrastructure versus living with risk: the farewell from ... · constraints in the river basin disabled the sufficient implementation of conventional river improvement works. Therefore,

Infrastructure versus living with risk: the farewell from ... · constraints in the river basin disabled the sufficient implementation of conventional river improvement works. Therefore,

Meaningful Use and Behavioral Healthcare€¦ · Meaningful Use and Behavioral Healthcare Author: Alex Attinson Subject: meaningful use Keywords: meaningful use, human services, behavioral

Meaningful Use and Behavioral Healthcare€¦ · Meaningful Use and Behavioral Healthcare Author: Alex Attinson Subject: meaningful use Keywords: meaningful use, human services, behavioral

Meaningful Healthcare Security: Does “Meaningful Use ...€¦ · Meaningful Use of EHRs: Meaningful use in this study captures a hospital’s formal attestation of stage 1 meaningful

Meaningful Healthcare Security: Does “Meaningful Use ...€¦ · Meaningful Use of EHRs: Meaningful use in this study captures a hospital’s formal attestation of stage 1 meaningful

The Best-partitions Problem: How to Build Meaningful ... · partitions are not necessarily eligible for aggregation. We show that, by intro-ducing exogenous constraints into the best-partitions

The Best-partitions Problem: How to Build Meaningful ... · partitions are not necessarily eligible for aggregation. We show that, by intro-ducing exogenous constraints into the best-partitions

World Bank Documentdocuments.worldbank.org/curated/pt/270531468165280123/...hypothesis [cr tiy~c~rheses ) and a 1 set of observed constraints. Such a theory, to be meaningful (lamut/lson

World Bank Documentdocuments.worldbank.org/curated/pt/270531468165280123/...hypothesis [cr tiy~c~rheses ) and a 1 set of observed constraints. Such a theory, to be meaningful (lamut/lson