Human Dignity Compilation
-
Upload
geronsky06 -
Category
Documents
-
view
220 -
download
0
Transcript of Human Dignity Compilation
8/8/2019 Human Dignity Compilation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/human-dignity-compilation 1/56
1
UPHOLDING HUMANDIGNITY
8/8/2019 Human Dignity Compilation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/human-dignity-compilation 2/56
y Upholding human dignity is at the central of the values system that we associate with social peace.
y Human dignity is defined as the fundamental innate worth of a human being- this principle is universally accepted but has not taken root in actual practices
y The principle of Human Dignity in enshrined in theteachings of major faiths (i.e. Christianity)
8/8/2019 Human Dignity Compilation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/human-dignity-compilation 3/56
y According to the Papal Encyclical ³Pacem in Terris´, Peace would be built if citizens applythemselves seriously to respecting the rightsof others and discharging their own duties.(Pope John XXXIII, 1963)
y In Islam, it is believed that ³all human beingshave the right to life at conception and after
birth, a right to full opportunities to lead arewarding and satisfying life.´ (Mahmood-
Abedin, 2001)
8/8/2019 Human Dignity Compilation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/human-dignity-compilation 4/56
HUMAN DIGNITY AND PEACE EDUCATION
y Human Rights Education: education that seeks touphold human dignity and is closely linked to peaceeducation.
y
One of peace education¶s major concern is topromote human dignity and well being because it is believed to be the foundation of peace
y Betty Reardon: ³The achievement of positiveconditions of human rights provide thefoundation of non-violent social order andgreatly reduces the cause of armed conflict and
war.´
8/8/2019 Human Dignity Compilation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/human-dignity-compilation 5/56
y In the Philippines, a survey conducted by the NationalUnification Commission showed that massive poverty and injustices were ranked as the highest factors thatcaused armed conflict
y These factors can also be described as constituting thedenial of fundamental human rights of people
y Education has a role to play in cultivating the minds,
attitudes and behaviors that would reject theseconditions of violence and at the same time encourage afirm belief and practice of respect for the life, dignity and
well being of all people.
8/8/2019 Human Dignity Compilation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/human-dignity-compilation 6/56
y UN Declaration of 2001-2010 (Decade of Peace)
A manifesto was initiated by UNESCO signed by millions
Ù ³Respect for life and dignity of each human being´
-this indicates the connection bet. Peace and human dignity.
8/8/2019 Human Dignity Compilation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/human-dignity-compilation 7/56
W hat are human rights?
y Human rights are rights inherent to all human beings, whatever our nationality, place of residence,sex, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion,
language, or any other status.y We are all equally entitled to our human rights
without discrimination.
y These rights are all interrelated, interdependent and
indivisible.
8/8/2019 Human Dignity Compilation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/human-dignity-compilation 8/56
y Universal human rights are often expressed andguaranteed by law, in the forms of treaties,customary international law , general principles and
other sources of international law.y International human rights law lays down
obligations of Governments to act in certain ways orto refrain from certain acts, in order to promote and
protect human rights and fundamental freedoms of individuals or groups.
8/8/2019 Human Dignity Compilation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/human-dignity-compilation 9/56
HUMAN RIGHTS
y Universal and inalienable
y Interdependent and indivisible
y Equal and non-discriminatory
y Both Rights and Obligations
8/8/2019 Human Dignity Compilation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/human-dignity-compilation 10/56
2
UNIVERSAL DECLARATIONOF HUMAN RIGHTS
8/8/2019 Human Dignity Compilation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/human-dignity-compilation 11/56
Human Rights
y Before WWII
y Peace of Westphalia of 1648
y States have claimed that they can treat their citizens
as they wish
y After WWII
Human rights declarations and treaties, global and regional,have steadily appeared as international law.
8/8/2019 Human Dignity Compilation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/human-dignity-compilation 12/56
UDHP
y UDHP was adopted by the UN General Assembly onDecember 10, 1948.
y UDHP was proclaimed as a ³common standard of
achievement for all peoples and all nations.´y Provides a common understanding of human rights
which is agreed upon by Member states.
8/8/2019 Human Dignity Compilation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/human-dignity-compilation 13/56
Introduction
All human beings can only live free in a peaceful andfair world if their human rights and dignity are
respected.
8/8/2019 Human Dignity Compilation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/human-dignity-compilation 14/56
Summary of UDHR
A rticles
W ords to Remember
Article 1 Dignity
Article 2 Equality
Article 3 Life
Article 4 Slavery
Article 5 Torture
Articles 6- 8 Law
Article 9 Prison
Articles 10-11 Justice
Article 12 Privacy
Article 13 Movement
8/8/2019 Human Dignity Compilation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/human-dignity-compilation 15/56
A rticles W ords to Remember
Article 14 Refugees
Article 15 Nationality
Article 16 Marriage
Article 17 Property
Article 18 Religion
Article 19 Expression
Article 20 Assembly
Article 21 Democracy
Article 22 Social Security
Article 23 Work
Article 24 Rest
Article 25 Want
8/8/2019 Human Dignity Compilation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/human-dignity-compilation 16/56
A rticles W ords to Remember
Article 26 Education
Article 27 Culture
Article 28 Peace
Article 29 Community
A rticle 30
³Nothing in this declaration may be interpreted as implying forany State, group or person any right to engage in any activity toperform any act aimed at the destruction of any of the rights setforth herein.´
8/8/2019 Human Dignity Compilation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/human-dignity-compilation 17/56
3
Civil and Political Rights
8/8/2019 Human Dignity Compilation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/human-dignity-compilation 18/56
Civil and Political Rights
y Civil RightsÙ Personal liberties that belong to an individual, owing to his or
her status as a citizen or resident of a particular country orcommunity.
y Political RightsÙ E ntail the power to participate directly or indirectly in the
establishment or administration of government, such as the right of citizenship, the right to vote, and the right to hold public office.
8/8/2019 Human Dignity Compilation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/human-dignity-compilation 19/56
Civil Rights
Article 3 ± Right to life, liberty and personalsecurity
Article 4 ± Freedom from slavery
Article 5 ± Freedom from torture and degradingtreatment
Article 9 ± Freedom from arbitrary arrest and exile
Article 10 ± Right to a fair public hearing Article 11 ± Right to be considered innocent until
proven guilty
8/8/2019 Human Dignity Compilation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/human-dignity-compilation 20/56
Civil Rights
y Article 12 ± Freedom from interference with privacy,family, home and correspondence
y Article 13 ± Right to free movement in and out of the
country y Article 16 ± Right to marriage and family
y Article 19 ± Freedom of opinion and information
8/8/2019 Human Dignity Compilation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/human-dignity-compilation 21/56
Political Rights
y Article 14 ± Right to asylum in other countries frompersecution
y Article 20 ± Right of peaceful assembly and
associationy Article 21 ± Right to participate in government and
in free elections
8/8/2019 Human Dignity Compilation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/human-dignity-compilation 22/56
International Covenant on Civil and PoliticalRights (ICCPR)
y The ICCPR was adopted by the United NationsGeneral Assembly on 16 December 1966. The ICCPR
was to take effect ten years later in all nations that
had become state parties. A sufficient number of states had become parties so the ICCPR took effectas planned in 1976. The ICCPR promotes universalrespect for and observance of, human rights and
freedoms.
8/8/2019 Human Dignity Compilation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/human-dignity-compilation 23/56
Violations against Civil and Political Rights
y Culture of impunity
y Political repression
y torture
8/8/2019 Human Dignity Compilation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/human-dignity-compilation 24/56
International Covenant on
Economic, Social and CulturalRights
8/8/2019 Human Dignity Compilation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/human-dignity-compilation 25/56
The International Covenant on Economic, Social andCultural Rights (ICESCR) was supervised by theCommittee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights
established by Economic and Social Council(ECOSOC) resolution 1985/17 of 28 May 1985
8/8/2019 Human Dignity Compilation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/human-dignity-compilation 26/56
The International Covenant on Economic, Social
and Cultural Rights was adopted and opened forsignature, ratification and accession by General
Assembly resolution 2200 A (XXI) of 16 December1966.
After almost 20 years of drafting debates, it finally gained the force of law a decade later, entering intoforce on 3 January 1976.
8/8/2019 Human Dignity Compilation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/human-dignity-compilation 27/56
A rticle 1: Self-determination
³people . . . freely determine their politicalstatus and freely pursue their economic, social
and cultural development
³All peoples may, for their own ends, freely dispose of their natural wealth and resources without prejudice to any obligations arising outof international economic co-operation . . .´
A rticle 2:Obligations of StateParties
"undertakes to take steps . . . by all appropriatemeans,including particularly the adoption of legislative measures"
"to [achieve] progressively the full realization of
the rights"
"to the maximum of its available resources"
"without discrimination"
8/8/2019 Human Dignity Compilation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/human-dignity-compilation 28/56
A rticle 3: Equal Rightsfor Men and W omen
The States Parties to the present Covenantundertake to ensure the equal right of men and women to the enjoyment of all economic, social
and cultural rights set forth in the presentCovenant.
A rticle 4 and 5:Limitations
³. . . , in the enjoyment of those rights provided by the State in conformity with the present Covenant,the State may subject such rights only to suchlimitations as are determined by law only in so faras this may be compatible with the nature of theserights and solely for the purpose of promoting thegeneral welfare in a democratic society. ³
³Nothing in the present Covenant may beinterpreted as implying for any State, group orperson any right to engage in any activity or toperform any act aimed at the destruction of any of the rights or freedoms recognized herein, or attheir limitation to a greater extent than is providedfor in the present Covenant. ³
8/8/2019 Human Dignity Compilation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/human-dignity-compilation 29/56
A rticle 6: The Right to W ork
³ . . . includes the right of everyone to theopportunity to gain his living by work which hefreely chooses or accepts, and will take appropriatesteps to safeguard this right. ³
³ . . . shall include technical and vocationalguidance and training programmes, policies andtechniques to achieve steady economic, social andcultural development and full and productiveemployment under conditions safeguardingfundamental political and economic freedoms to
the individual. ³
8/8/2019 Human Dignity Compilation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/human-dignity-compilation 30/56
A rticle 7: The Right toJust and FavorableConditions of W ork
(a) Remuneration which provides all workers, as aminimum, with:(i) Fair wages and equal remuneration for work of equal value without distinction of any kind, inparticular women being guaranteed conditions of work not inferior to those enjoyed by men, withequal pay for equal work;(ii) A decent living for themselves and their
families in accordance with the provisions of thepresent Covenant;(b) Safe and healthy working conditions;(c) Equal opportunity for everyone to be promotedin his employment to an appropriate higher level,subject to no considerations other than those of
seniority and competence;(d ) Rest, leisure and reasonable limitation of working hours and periodic holidays with pay, as well as remuneration for public holidays
8/8/2019 Human Dignity Compilation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/human-dignity-compilation 31/56
A rticle 8: The Right toForm and Join Trade
Unions
³ The right of everyone to form trade unions and join the trade union of his choice´
³The right of trade unions to establish nationalfederations or confederations and the right of thelatter (people) to form or join international trade-union organizations.´
³The right of trade unions to function freely subject to no limitations other than thoseprescribed by law and which are necessary in ademocratic society . . .´
³The right to strike, provided that it is exercised in
conformity with the laws of the particularcountry.³
A rticle 9: The Right toSocial Security andSocial Insurance
The States Parties to the present Covenantrecognize the right of everyone to social security,including social insurance.
8/8/2019 Human Dignity Compilation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/human-dignity-compilation 32/56
A rticle 10: Protectionand A ssistance for theFamily
³Special protection should be accorded to mothersduring a reasonable period before and afterchildbirth. During such period working mothersshould be accorded paid leave or leave withadequate social security benefits. ³
³Children and young persons should be protectedfrom economic and social exploitation . . . Statesshould also set age limits below which the paidemployment of child labour should be prohibited
and punishable by law.´
A rticle 11: The Right toan A dequate Standardof Living
³ . . . recognizing the fundamental right of everyone to be free from hunger. . .´
³To improve methods of production, conservationand distribution of food by making full use of technical and scientific knowledge´
³Taking into account the problems of both food-importing and food-exporting countries, to ensurean equitable distribution of world food supplies inrelation to need. ³
8/8/2019 Human Dignity Compilation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/human-dignity-compilation 33/56
A rticle 12: The Right tothe Highest A ttainableStandard Of Physicaland Mental Health
(a)The provision for the reduction of the stillbirth-rate and of infant mortality and for the healthy development of the child;
(b) The improvement of all aspects of environmental and industrial hygiene;
(c) The prevention, treatment and control of epidemic, endemic, occupational and otherdiseases;
(d) The creation of conditions which would assureto all medical service and medical attention in theevent of sickness.
8/8/2019 Human Dignity Compilation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/human-dignity-compilation 34/56
A rticle 13 and 14: The
Right to Education
³They agree that education shall be directed to the
full development of the human personality and thesense of its dignity, and shall strengthen therespect for human rights and fundamentalfreedoms. They further agree that education shallenable all persons to participate effectively in afree society, promote understanding, toleranceand friendship among all nations and all racial,ethnic or religious groups, and further theactivities of the United Nations for themaintenance of peace. ³
³. . . respect for the liberty of parents and, whenapplicable, legal guardians to choose [school] fortheir children . . .´
³. . . the principle of compulsory education free of charge for all. ³
8/8/2019 Human Dignity Compilation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/human-dignity-compilation 35/56
A rticle 15: The Right to
Culture and to Benefitfrom ScientificProgress
³The steps . . . shall include those necessary for the
conservation, the development and the diffusion of science and culture. ³
³. . . respect the freedom indispensable forscientific research and creative activity. ³
³ . . . the present Covenant recognize the benefitsto be derived from the encouragement anddevelopment of international contacts and co-operation in the scientific and cultural fields. ³
A rticle 16 - 25:Monitoring Functions
A ssigned to the UnitedNations Economic andSocial Council(ECOSOC)
8/8/2019 Human Dignity Compilation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/human-dignity-compilation 36/56
5
The Convention on the
Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women
8/8/2019 Human Dignity Compilation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/human-dignity-compilation 37/56
What is CEDAW?
y Also known as the International Bill of Rights for Women
y The only international treaty that comprehensively
addresses women¶s rights.y Features women¶s political, civic, economic, social
and cultural rights.
8/8/2019 Human Dignity Compilation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/human-dignity-compilation 38/56
What is CEDAW?
y It was adopted by the United Nations General Assembly on December 18, 1979
y Philippines is a signatory to this Convention.
y It is consisted of a preamble and 30 articles whereinit defines discrimination against women.
y It aims to set up an agenda for national action to endgender discrimination.
8/8/2019 Human Dignity Compilation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/human-dignity-compilation 39/56
Aims of CEDAW Source: UNIFEM CEDAW- Southeast Asia Programme
y To bring substantive equality of women
y To prohibit actions and policies that put women at adisadvantage whatever its intentions
y It recognizes the influence of culture and tradition onrestricting enjoyment of their rights
y Discards distinction between private & publicsphere, by recognizing violations of women in private
sphere
8/8/2019 Human Dignity Compilation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/human-dignity-compilation 40/56
Preamble
³A ffirming that the strengthening of international peaceand security, the relaxation of international tension, mutual co-operation among all States irrespective of their social and economic systems, general and complete disarmament,
in particular nuclear disarmament under strict and effectiveinternational control, the affirmation of the principles of
justice, equality and mutual benefit in relations amongcountries and the realization of the right of peoples underalien and colonial domination and foreign occupation to
self-determination and independence, as well as respect fornational sovereignty and territorial integrity, will promotesocial progress and development and as a consequence will contribute to the attainment of full equality between menand women,´
8/8/2019 Human Dignity Compilation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/human-dignity-compilation 41/56
Articles in CEDAW
1. Definition of discrimination
2. Policy measures to be undertaken to eliminatediscrimination
3. Guarantees basic human rights and fundamentalfreedoms on an equal basis with men
4. Temporary special measures to achieve equality
5. Sex roles and stereotyping
8/8/2019 Human Dignity Compilation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/human-dignity-compilation 42/56
Articles in CEDAW
6. Prostitution
7. Political and public life
8. Participation in the international level
9. Nationality
10. Equal rights in education
11. Employment
12. Health care and family planning13. Economic and social benefits
8/8/2019 Human Dignity Compilation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/human-dignity-compilation 43/56
Articles in CEDAW
14. Rural women
15. Equality before the law
16. Marriage and family law
17. ± 22. Establishment and Function of CEDAW
23. ± 30. Administration of the Convention
8/8/2019 Human Dignity Compilation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/human-dignity-compilation 44/56
CEDAW & the Philippines
y Since Philippines is a signatory to the CEDAW, itcame up with laws that depict protection for women.
- RA 7877 ³Anti-Sexual Harrassment Act´
- RA 8353 ³Anti Rape Law´
- RA 8505 ³Rape Victim Assistance & Protection Act´
- RA 9208 ³Anti-Trafficking in Persons Act´
- RA 9262 ³Anti-Violence Against Women and Children Act´
8/8/2019 Human Dignity Compilation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/human-dignity-compilation 45/56
CEDAW & the Philippines
y Philippines also came up with ³WOMEN¶S DESKS´in partnership with Philippine National Police(PNP), Department of Social Welfare and
Development (DSWD) and Department of Health(DOH) and other government offices.
y United Nations Security Council issued tworesolutions that uphold the rights of women.
8/8/2019 Human Dignity Compilation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/human-dignity-compilation 46/56
UN Security Council
1. United Nations Resolution 1325
- adopted on October 31, 2000o ensure increased representation of women
o expand role of women in UN operationso actors to adopt a gender perspective in negotiation
processes
o armed conflicts should fully respect international lawsapplicable to protect women and girls
8/8/2019 Human Dignity Compilation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/human-dignity-compilation 47/56
UN Security Council
1. United Nations Resolution 1820
- adopted on June 19, 2008o all parties in armed conflict should cease all acts of
sexual violence against civilians
o notes that rape and other forms of sexual violencecan constitute a war crime
o take the necessary measures to prevent and respondsexual violence
o stresses important role of Peace buildingcommission
o urges all actors to provide assistance to sexual violence victims
8/8/2019 Human Dignity Compilation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/human-dignity-compilation 48/56
6
CONVENTION ON THE RIGHTSOF THE CHILD
8/8/2019 Human Dignity Compilation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/human-dignity-compilation 49/56
Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC)
y was adopted by the UN General Assembly in 1989and entered into force in September 1990.
y is a significant document because it recognizes for the
first time the children·s rights as a distinct human rightscategory that should be protected and promoted.
ARTICLE 16 Privacy honor andARTICLE 1 Definition of Child
8/8/2019 Human Dignity Compilation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/human-dignity-compilation 50/56
ARTICLE 16 Privacy, honor and
reputation
ARTICLE 17 Access to information and
media
ARTICLE 18 Parental responsibility
ARTICLE 19 Abuse and neglect (while in
family or [other] care)
ARTICLE 20 Alternative care for
children in the absence of
parents
ARTICLE 21 Adoption
ARTICLE 22 Refugee children
ARTICLE 23 Disabled children
ARTICLE 24 Health care
ARTICLE 25 Periodic review
ARTICLE 26 Social security
ARTICLE 27 Standard of living
ARTICLE 28 Education
ARTICLE 29 Aims of education
ARTICLE 30 Children of minorities andindigenous children
ARTICLE 1 Definition of Child
ARTICLE 2 Non-Discrimination
ARTICLE 3 Best interests of the child
ARTICLE 4 Implementation of rights
ARTICLE 5 Parents, family,
community, rights
and responsibilities
ARTICLE 6 Life, survival and
development
ARTICLE 7 Name and nationality
ARTICLE 8 Preservation of identity
ARTICLE 9 Non-separation from
parents
ARTICLE 10 Family reunification
ARTICLE 11 Illicit transfer and non-
return of children
ARTICLE 12 Expression of opinion
ARTICLE 13 Freedom of expression
and information
ARTICLE 14 Freedom of thought,
conscience and
religion
ARTICLE 15 Freedom of association
8/8/2019 Human Dignity Compilation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/human-dignity-compilation 51/56
ARTICLE 31 Play and recreation
ARTICLE 32 Protection from economic exploitation
ARTICLE 33 Protection from narcotic and psychotropicsubstances
ARTICLE 34 Protection from sexual exploitation
ARTICLE 35 Protection from abduction, sale and traffic
ARTICLE 36 Protection from other forms of exploitation
ARTICLE 37 Protection from torture, capital punishment,,
deprivation of liberty
ARTICLE 38 Protection against armed conflicts
ARTICLE 39 Recovery and reintegration
ARTICLE 40 Juvenile justice
ARTICLE 41 Rights of the child in other instruments
ARTICLE 42 Dissemination of the Convention
ARTICLES 43-54 Implementation
The 54 artic es of the CRC describe 4
8/8/2019 Human Dignity Compilation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/human-dignity-compilation 52/56
The 54 artic es of the CRC describe 4categories of rights:
1. Survival rights cover a child·s right to life andthe needs that are most basic to existence. It
starts from the time of conception. Upon birth,every child should enjoy the basic right to healthand nutrition.
8/8/2019 Human Dignity Compilation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/human-dignity-compilation 53/56
8/8/2019 Human Dignity Compilation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/human-dignity-compilation 54/56
yProtection rights recognizes the vulnerability of children by preserving their identity and nationality aswell as providing safeguards against abuse, neglect,
child labor, drug abuse, sexual exploitation, sale andtrafficking, torture and deprivation of liberty and armedconflict.
8/8/2019 Human Dignity Compilation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/human-dignity-compilation 55/56
yParticipation rights allow children to take anactive role in their communities and nations.
Castro, Loreta, and Galace, Jasmin. Peace Education: A Pathway To A Culture Of Peace. Quezon City: Centerfor Peace Education, Miriam College, 2008.
8/8/2019 Human Dignity Compilation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/human-dignity-compilation 56/56
RIGHTS AND RESPONSIBILITES
y We expect our rights to be respected, protected andpromoted but we should also bear the correspondingresponsibilites.
y
We cannot think only of our own right whiledisregarding the rights of others
y When we exercise our rights we must be careful innot violation or denying the rights of other people