HUMAN BODY SYSTEMS

Chapter 28

THE ORGANIZATION OF LIVING THINGS:

Cells make tissuesTissues make OrgansOrgans make Organ SystemsOrgan Systems make an organism

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DIFFERENT ORGAN SYSTEMS ARE MADE OF DIFFERENT TISSUES AND CELLS:

The Digestive System: The Respiratory System:

Smooth muscle cells make:

Intestinal muscle tissues, which make:

Intestines, which are part of the:

Digestive system

Epithelial lung cells make:

Epithelial lung tissues, which make:

Lungs, which are part of the:

Respiratory system

4 TYPES OF HUMAN TISSUE MAKE UP THE HUMAN BODY: Epithelial tissue– tightly packed cells that

line organs and make the skin

Connective Tissue—support, bind together, and protect tissues and organs. Tendons, ligaments, bone and cartilage are connective tissues

Muscle Tissue—produces movement. Skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle

Nervous Tissue—transmits and receives impulses

11 MAJOR ORGAN SYSTEMS MAKE UP THE HUMAN BODY: Circulatory—heart, blood vessels, blood

lymph nodes, lymphatic vessels. Transports oxygen, nutrients, and wastes; regulates body temperature.

Digestive—mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, intestines, pancreas, gallbladder, liver. Breaks down /absorbs nutrients, salts, water; rids of waste

Endocrine—hypothalamus, pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenals, pancreas, ovaries, testes. Growth, development, metabolism, maintains homeostasis

ORGAN SYSTEMS CONT… Immune—white blood cells, thymus,

spleen. Protects against disease, stores and makes white blood cells.

Integumentary—skin, hair, nails, sweat and oil glands. Barrier to infection, injury, UV rays, regulates body temperature.

Muscular—skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscles. Produces movement, helps circulate blood and moves food

Nervous– brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerves. Processes info., regulates responses

ORGAN SYSTEMS CONT… Reproductive—testes, penis, ovaries,

fallopian tubes, uterus, vagina. Produces reproductive cells, houses an embryo

Respiratory—nose, sinuses, pharynx, larynx, trachea, lings. Brings in O2, expels CO2 and water vapor

Skeletal—bones, cartilage, ligaments, tendons. Supports and protects organs, movement, stores nutrients, makes red blood cells.

Excretory—skin, lungs, kidneys, bladder. Eliminates waste, helps maintain homeostasis

HOMEOSTASIS All parts of the body are controlled by

feedback loops. Negative feedback keeps things at set

points (ex. body temperature, blood glucose level, oxygen levels)

Positive feedback moves AWAY from a set point (ex. clotting factors will increase greatly until a cut stops bleeding, hormones levels are greatly increased during puberty)