Hull design boosts fuel economy of ultra large container...

Tor Svensen, COO DNV Maritime and Oil & Gas

2012 09 05

Hull design boosts fuel economy of ultra large container ships

http://www.apl.com/index.html

© Det Norske Veritas AS. All rights reserved.


2012 09 05

Major savings – 3 mill USD per ship per year

10 new 13,800 TEU container ships

Optimized for flexible operation - speed

and draft range

Annual operational saving

- 3 mill USD per ship

- 30 mill USD all ships

2




2012 09 05

New HHI design based on APL specific requirements

Focus on expected future trading conditions

Optimized for speed and draft range

Reduced top speed to 23 knots

Flexible & efficient main engine, adapted to low load operation

3




2012 09 05

Facts about the new ships

APL has ordered a series of 10 13.800 TEU container ships

Wide beam - 51 meters, length – 368 meters

Low resistance characteristics resulting in less propulsion power

Contracts signed 2011

First ship to be delivered 2013

All to DNV class

4




2012 09 05

Joint effort between owner, yard and class

APL and DNV worked out the expected

future operating profile

HHI and DNV adapted hull lines to the

operating profile

APL involved in key stages and in

prioritizing the final solution

New way of cooperation using the best

expertise available

5




2012 09 05

New ideas developed through new concepts

The Quantum concept stimulated a wave

of innovative thinking in ship design

Optimized solutions combined with new

technology transporting more cargo while

using less fuel

Developed for flexible operation with

respect to trades and markets

6




2012 09 05

Speed development for ultra large container ships

Average of 4 East Bound and 4 West Bound legs

90%

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011




2012 09 05

Operating profile for the world largest container ships

Most container ships have

been optimized for high speed

full load

Future container ships will

operate at a wide range of

speeds and loads

Efficiency at speed and draft

range – the key to reduced

fuel consumption

8

Design

point

Speed (kn)

% o

f tota

l sailin

g tim

e

DWT utilization

The operating profile consist of a matrix describing time

spent at each speed and draft combination




2012 09 05

APL operating profile

DNV and APL analysed operating

pattern of existing, large container

ships

Slow steaming and variable load

factor expected to be part of the

future

Future operating profile developed

as part of design basis consisting of

9 speed / draft conditions

9

Tim

e ra

tio (%

)

Speed

Draft




2012 09 05

Virtual towing tank using CFD tools

Adaptation to future operating conditions

Hull form with minimum resistance

Using CFD performance analysis (Computer

Fluid dynamics) – a virtual towing tank

Typical improvement areas

Forebody optimization

Aftbody optimization

Propeller wake optimization

10




2012 09 05

Hull form optimization

Hull resistance

- Emerging bulbous bow create adverse wave system at off-design conditions

- Flow separation creates additional drag

Propeller – efficiency

- Poor inflow creates uneven loading and cavitation

- Non-optimum wake field creates additional drag

11

Actual condition: 12.5m draft & 18.0

knots speed




2012 09 05

Paradigm change in container ship design

12

Hull pressure and wave profile of initial hull form Hull pressure and wave profile of final hull form




2012 09 05

Calculation modified through model tests carried out by HHI

Scope

Resistance test

Self-propulsion test

Wake measurement

Flow-line test

Propeller open water test

Good correlation between

model test and computer

analysis

13




2012 09 05

Improvements – more than 20 % at its best

Improvement potential varying with

speed/draft combinations compared to

the initial hull form

Operating at speeds typically ranging

from 15 to 19.5 knots. Top speed 23

knots.

Operating drafts in the range of 11 to

14.5 metres

14




2012 09 05

Operating efficiency is key

Fuel represents 60% - 80% of total operating expenses in the container business

Charterers will focus more on fuel efficiency when chartering in ships

Fuel efficiency and emissions will be key drivers for the years ahead

EEDI 36% below baseline curve after optimization – fulfilling 2025 requirement

15




2012 09 05

Major savings – 3 mill USD per ship per year

10 new 13,800 TEU container ships

Optimized for flexible operation - speed

and draft range

Annual operational saving

- 3 mill USD per ship

- 30 mill USD all ships

16




2012 09 05

17



2012 09 05

www.dnv.com

18


Hull design boosts fuel economy of ultra large container...

Documents

Transcript of Hull design boosts fuel economy of ultra large container...