HUD ONAP Crime Prevention National Summit...
Transcript of HUD ONAP Crime Prevention National Summit...
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HUD ONAP Crime Prevention National Summit
Tackling Meth Challenges Part 1: Testing and RemediationFebruary 4, 2020
Denver, CO
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Presenters
Joanna Donohoe
Partner
Jeremiah Kessay
Maintenance Supervisor,
WMAHA
Kenneth Crocker
Assistant Security
Supervisor, WMAHA
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Introductions
● Name
● Where you are from
● How did you realize that you had
a meth problem in your
community?
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Workshop Overview – Part One
● Recognizing meth in your
community
● Meth testing and remediation
● Law enforcement issues
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Workshop Overview – Part Two
● Addressing meth remediation
issues in your policies and
procedures
● Promoting meth awareness
and prevention
● Data collection
● Funding strategies
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Why is meth so prevalent in Indian Country?
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Why is meth so prevalent in Indian Country?
● Indian Country targeted by international meth dealers
● Tribal police forces underfunded and understaffed
● Socioeconomic conditions on reservations
● Limited health care and meth treatment resources
Methamphetamine in Indian Country: An American Program Uniquely Affecting Indian Country. (November 2006).
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Recognizing Meth in Your Community
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What is methamphetamine?
● Amphetamine (parent drug of
meth) first made in 1887 in
Germany
● Discovered to have medical
benefits to widen airways to treat
asthma, allergies and colds
● Meth first synthesized in Japan in
1919
● Given to soldiers in WW2 to help
them stay awake.
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Why People Use Meth
● To improve physical
performance
● To stay awake to complete
tasks
● Appetite suppressant to lose
weight
● To feel good and escape
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Long-term Effects of Chronic Meth Use
● Violent and psychotic behavior
● Hallucinations and delusions
● Severe tooth decay
● Severe weight loss
● Chronic depression
● Homicidal or suicidal thoughts
● Brain damage or stroke
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Evidence of Meth in
Your Community
● Recognizing meth
● Paraphernalia
● Changes in physical behavior of
tenants
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What Meth Looks Like
● White or light brown crystalline
powder
● Clear chunky crystals that
resemble broken pieces of ice,
shards of glass
● Liquid form
● Pills
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Methamphetamine Paraphernalia
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Methamphetamine Paraphernalia
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Changes in Physical Behavior of Tenants
No sleep for long periods
Loss of appetiteLoss of large amount of weight rapidly
Appear unusually active
Can seem nervous, anxious or paranoid
Dilated pupils
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Evidence of Meth from Housing Inspectors
● Lips getting numb
● Funny metallic taste in their mouth
● Heart starts racing
● Funny smell, like burnt sugar, kitty
litter, carburetor/brake cleaner
● Urine in glass on windowsills
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Meth Testing and Remediation Process
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Doesn’t meth just go away eventually?
● No, meth does not degrade over time!
● Attaches to surfaces in house or car where it is smoked.
● Non-porous surfaces
(like textured drywall)
should be cleaned.
● Need to ensure safety and
habitability of families,
especially elders and
children.
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Meth Contamination Affects Non-Users!
One family tested positive for meth after buying food from vendor who smoked meth.
Elders tested positive for meth, living in a home where meth is smoked.
One child got high on meth from wearing clothes contaminated by meth.
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Meth Clean-up Standards
● As sovereign nations, tribes can develop their own laws and regulations
regarding meth clean-up
● Many tribes consider a comprehensive and conservative approach to protect
workers, tenants and the public
● It may be considered prudent risk management to follow state guidelines
● A resource: www.methlabcleanup.com lists state regulations
● THIS IS NOT LEGAL ADVICE! CONSULT WITH YOUR TRIBAL ATTORNEY!
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What Regulations Address
Owner liability, penalties, property use and transfer restrictions
Public listings of contaminated properties and disclosure requirements about contamination
Notifications and posting requirements
Who can remediate and sample and what kind of training they need
How to do cleaning (sometimes)
What concentrations are considered “clean”
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What is consider a safe level of
contamination?
● Most states adopt a concentration level that is considered safe. These
levels range in the area of: 1.05, 0.1, 0.5
● Arizona has one of the highest levels in the nation at 1.5
● White Mountain Apache Housing Authority adopted a level of 0.033
● We have seen contamination levels as high as 48, 62, 93 and even 110!
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WMAHA’s Meth Testing/Cleaning Process
1. Security Department tests unit
using AccuMeth test kit.
https://www.methlabcleanup.com/Meth-
Field-Test-Kit.html
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What usually triggers testing for meth
contamination in housing units?
● Security/police calls
● Tenant move-out
● Occupancy inspections
● Request for rehabilitation
services
● Suspicious activity
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Preliminary Testing Process
● Security uses AccuMeth test kits from Meth Lab
Cleanup. Cost is $129 for five-pack.
● WMAHA Drug Policy covers why and when a unit can
be tested for meth.
● Testing is done by Security Officers which will only
read a Positive or Negative results.
● Over 60% of the 637 homes tested from 2017 to 2019
have been positive. (388 of 637)
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WMAHA’s Meth Testing/Cleaning Process
2. If positive, contractor washes the
unit (three times) and re-tests. Wait
up to 10 days for test results.
3. If unit is still positive, contractor
washes again until tests negative.
4. Once test results are safe,
Maintenance Department begins
renovation procedures.
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WMAHA’s Cleaning Process
● Supervised by a Certified Supervisor.
● A unit is washed a total of three times
and could take up to 4 hours.
● Cleans HVAC, ceiling and walls, and
then floor.
● The ceiling and walls are sprayed with
a pressure washer then scrubbed and
rinsed, and the water vacuum up into
a storage tank.
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Vacant Unit Renovations
Once unit is clean, Maintenance Department does renovations:
● Clean appliances, bathtub, shower stall and cabinets
● Repair work to drywall, doors, cabinets, plumbing, electrical.
● Paint walls
● Repair, clean and wax floors
● Repair windows and roof
● Unit ready, final inspections, tenant moves in
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Safety Considerations
TENANTS STAFF GENERAL PUBLIC
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Protecting Staff
● Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) regulations
● Hazard Awareness and Training
● Personnel Protective Equipment
● Health and Safety Plans
● Air Monitoring Equipment
● Job Hazard Assessments
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Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
Four Levels of Protection
○Level A
○Level B
○Level C
○Level D
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Law Enforcement Challenges
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Challenges on Fort Apache Reservation
● WMAT Police Department
understaffed
● Little involvement from federal
law enforcement officials
● No juvenile detention facility
● Tribal code provisions for meth
(and enforcement) are lenient
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WMAHA Security Department
WMAT Police Department WMAHA Security Department
Full-time Officers 13 14
Part-time Officers 6
Dispatchers 6 3
Total Staff 19 23
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Security Officers Enforce Housing Policies
● Zero Tolerance for Drugs and Alcohol Policy
● Proper House Cleaning Policy
● Lease Agreement
● Pet Policy
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Security Department Inspections
● May request that Housing Management conducts inspection
● May enter unit for safety and wellness of themselves, public and
tenants
● When inside residence and drugs or paraphernalia are visible in plain
site, may be probable cause for drug testing
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Security Calls Increased by 5% 2017-2018
4376
4601
4250 4300 4350 4400 4450 4500 4550 4600 4650
2017
2018
Total Security Calls
Total Security Calls
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Increase in Select Security Calls 2017-2018
5516
6334
76
2567
23
10791
329
133
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
Vandalism(21%)
Child Neglect(44%)
Domestic Violence(70%)
Assault(168%)
Disturbance(333%)
Welfare Check(432%)
2017 2018
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White Mountain Apache Housing
Authority
Meth Awareness Team
Kenneth Crocker
Assistant Security Supervisor
928-338-4831 x 134
Jeremiah Kessay
Maintenance Supervisor
928-338-1181 x 147