https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SHeA-hR34xI

Travis PollokBrighton High School ’08BS Aerospace Engineering Texas A&M University ‘12

So why is this guy here?

Background Born in San Antonio, Texas 1990

Moved to Colorado 1999

Brighton High School 2004-2008 AP Classes, Drama, Yearbook

University of Colorado 2008-2009

Texas State University 2010

Texas A&M University 2010-2013 Bachelor of Science Aerospace Engineering,

Physics Minor

Lockheed Martin Space Systems Company 2014

CU Boulder Project Gateway to Space

○ Build and launch balloon satellite

Texas A&M Projects AggieSat Lab

Electrical and command and data handling design, assembly, and test

Texas A&M Projects (Cont.) Senior Design – Deep

Space Explorer Propulsion and power

production design

Lockheed Martin

Sunnyvale, CA Military Space

○ Space Based Infrared System (SBIRS)

○ Advanced Extremely High Frequency (AEHF)

Systems Integration and Test Engineer Associate Mechanical Test

Operations Specialize in propulsion

Lockheed Martin (Cont.) Littleton, CO

Civil Space○ Geostationary Operational

Environmental Satellite R-Series (GOES-R)

BASICS OF SPACE PROPULSION

MUOS-3 Launch on ATLAS 5 from Cape Canaveral

1/20/15

Videos Final Space Shuttle Launch, Atlantis STS-135

○ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zoBE-jF4SHE Saturn V F-1 Test

○ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1AD-DbC3e68

The Basics: Newton’s Laws

Newton’s First Law Every object persists in its state of rest or uniform

motion ins a straight line unless it is compelled to change that state by forces impressed on it.

Newton’s Second Law Force is equal to the change in momentum per change

in time. For a constant mass, force equals mass times acceleration.

Newton’s Third Law For every action, there is an equal and opposite

reaction.

-NASA Glenn Research Center: Newton’s Laws of Motionhttp://www.grc.nasa.gov/WWW/k-12/airplane/newton.html

Thrust Equation Start with Newton’s

2nd Law Do not assume

constant mass Basic thrust

equation Not so basic thrust

equation

𝐹=𝑑𝑑𝑡

𝑝=𝑑𝑑𝑡

(𝑚𝑣 )

𝐹=𝑚𝑑𝑣𝑑𝑡

+𝑣𝑑𝑚𝑑𝑡

=𝑚𝑎+𝑣�̇�

𝐹 𝑇=𝑣 �̇�

𝐹 𝑇=𝑣𝑒�̇�+(𝑃 𝑒−𝑃𝑎)𝐴𝑒

Calculating the variables Need to fill the equation is a property of your

nozzle is the pressure outside

the engine is found using

thermodynamic principle (isentropic)

is found knowing Mach-speed of sound equation

is found using thermodynamic principle (isentropic)

𝐹 𝑇=𝑣𝑒�̇�+(𝑃 𝑒−𝑃𝑎)𝐴𝑒

𝑃𝑒=𝑃𝑡 (1+𝛾−12 𝑀𝑒2)−

𝛾𝛾− 1

𝑣𝑒=𝑀𝑒√𝛾 𝑅𝑇 𝑒𝑇 𝑒=𝑇 𝑡(1+𝛾−12 𝑀𝑒2)− 1

What’s left? Mass flow rate

Throat conditions, Chamber conditionsCHEMISTRY!

Combustion Definition?

Type of chemical reaction where a fuel and an oxidizer react to produce energy and new products

What happens? Ignition Break bonds New bonds Energy released

○ Heat, light, sound

Common fuels Gasoline, Wood, Coal, Natural Gas,

Common oxidizers Oxygen, Halogens, and Hydrogen peroxide,

Products Water, Carbon dioxide, Trace products Leftover reactant (Barbecue)

Space Shuttle Main Engine

FuelLiquid Hydrogen,

OxidizerLiquid Oxygen,

Reaction

LM A2100 Satellite Fuel

Hydrazine, Oxidizer

Nitrogen tetroxide, Hypergolic reaction

h𝑇 𝑟𝑢𝑠𝑡=100 𝑙𝑏𝑓

Hypergolics Huper – Greek for

above Ergon – Greek for

work Oleum – Latin for oil Fuel and ox that

ignite on contact No ignition (work)

required

Demonstration Fuel

Glycerol, Uses

○ Food additive, pharmaceuticals, e-cigarettes, antifreeze

Oxidizer Potassium

permanganate, Uses

○ Water treatment, disinfectant, fruit preserves, fire starter

𝐀 𝐾𝑀𝑛𝑂4+𝐁𝐶3𝐻5 (𝑂𝐻 )3→𝐂𝐻2𝑂+𝐃𝐶𝑂2+𝐄𝐾 2𝐶𝑂3+𝐅𝑀𝑛2𝑂3

A = 14 B = 4 C = 16 D = 5 E = 7 F = 7

Questions?About school, careers, life, the universe?

Travis Pollok

tpollok777@gmail.com