HRTM chemical sector

30
إدارةت ا اد وز اHigh & Rising Techs Mgt By Dr. Sabri MOURAD [email protected] Lecture 2-3 S12 – 2012 All rights reserved to Dr. Sbri MOURAD Tous droits reservés à Dr. Sabri MOURD

description

Document written by Sabri MOURD, PhD and engineer in Mechanical Sciences and specialist in innovation, R&D and Advanced Technologies. Dr. Mourad has also a master degree in Business Administration and another master degree in project management. Dr. Sabri MOURAD is Technology Director at Albany International (technical textile specialist) and Associated Professor at the University of Haute Alsace and the Virtual University SVU. He teaches Master Students the management of innovation, the management of emerging technologies and the management of R&D. This document describes the last emerging technologies in Chemical sectors and the future trends in this area. Document élaboré par Sabri Mourad, Docteur ingénieur en mécanique et spécialiste de l'innovation, de la recherche et développement et des technologies avancées. Dr. Moura a également un master en management de administration des entreprises et un autre en management de projet. Dr. Sabri MOURD est Directeur de Technologies à Albany International (spécialiste de textiles technique) et Professeur associés à l’Université de Haute Alsace et l’Université Virtuelle SVU. Il forment les étudiants niveau Master sur les Techniques de l’innovation et de la gestion des technologies avancées.

Transcript of HRTM chemical sector

Page 1: HRTM chemical sector

ا����� ا����تإدارة ا���ز� و��د�����

High & Rising

Techs Mgt

By

Dr. Sabri [email protected]

Lecture 2-3 S12 – 2012

All

right

s re

serv

ed to

Dr.

Sbr

i MO

UR

AD

Tou

s dr

oits

res

ervé

s à

Dr.

Sab

ri M

OU

RD

Page 2: HRTM chemical sector

Technologies in Chemical sector

Chemical sector, some general information

Chemical sector is defined as the market of all chemicals including:

-Petrochemical products

- Biological and non Biological products

- Polymer based products

- Medical chemicals

- Basic chemical products

This industry is generally high volume and low margin one (mainly for commodities).

Many chemical products are used by other chemical industries (60%).

This encourage the vertical integration in this area

All

right

s re

serv

ed to

Dr.

Sbr

i MO

UR

AD

Tou

s dr

oits

res

ervé

s à

Dr.

Sab

ri M

OU

RD

Page 3: HRTM chemical sector

Technologies in Chemical sector

Chemical sector, some general information

Chemical sector is a major sector in Research and development in the world:

- In commodities the investment level in R&D is 2%

- In polymer industries the investment level is 4%

- In pharmaceutical sector, R&D investments reach 10%

- R&D investment in this sector is in continuous increasing pushed by the dvt in Biotechnology and Genetics A

ll rig

hts

rese

rved

to D

r. S

bri M

OU

RA

D T

ous

droi

ts r

eser

vés

à D

r. S

abri

MO

UR

D

Page 4: HRTM chemical sector

Technologies in Chemical sector

Technical trend in Chemical industry

Technology 2010 2015 2020 2025

Advanced Fibers (carbon fibers, Bio fibers) Grow Mature

New Concrete Grow Mature

Ceramic Blends Apparition Grow Grow Mature

Composite materials Apparition Grow Grow Mature

High critical temperature materials Grow Grow Matur

e

Nano powders Apparition Grow Grow Mature

Bio polymers Apparition Grow Grow Mature

Nano composites Apparition Apparition Grow Grow

Functional and smart polymers Apparition Apparition Grow Grow

Nano tubes Apparition Apparition Grow Grow

All

right

s re

serv

ed to

Dr.

Sbr

i MO

UR

AD

Tou

s dr

oits

res

ervé

s à

Dr.

Sab

ri M

OU

RD

Page 5: HRTM chemical sector

Technologies in Chemical sector

Major Emerging technologies in Chemical sectors

Photo-catalysts for organic synthetic processes

Potential applications

Conversion of water to hydrogen gas by photocatalytic water splitting.

Use of titanium dioxide in self-cleaning glass.

Disinfection of water by titanium dioxide photocatalysis.

Oxidation of organic contaminants using magnetic particles

Conversion of carbon dioxide into gaseous hydrocarbons

Sterilize surgical instruments

Decomposition of crude oil

All

right

s re

serv

ed to

Dr.

Sbr

i MO

UR

AD

Tou

s dr

oits

res

ervé

s à

Dr.

Sab

ri M

OU

RD

Page 6: HRTM chemical sector

Technologies in Chemical sector

Major Emerging technologies in Chemical sectors

Nanotubes industry

Potential applications

Structural

In electrical circuits

As paper batteries

Solar cells

Ultracapacitors All

right

s re

serv

ed to

Dr.

Sbr

i MO

UR

AD

Tou

s dr

oits

res

ervé

s à

Dr.

Sab

ri M

OU

RD

Page 7: HRTM chemical sector

Technologies in Chemical sector

Major Emerging technologies in Chemical sectors

Bioplatics

global production capacity of Bioplastics is 327,000 tones in 2010.Global consumption of all flexible packaging is estimated at 12.3 million tones

In the years 2000 to 2008, worldwide consumption of biodegradable plastics based on starch, sugar, and cellulose - so far the three most important raw materials - has increased by 600 %

All

right

s re

serv

ed to

Dr.

Sbr

i MO

UR

AD

Tou

s dr

oits

res

ervé

s à

Dr.

Sab

ri M

OU

RD

Page 8: HRTM chemical sector

Technologies in Chemical sector

Major Emerging technologies in Chemical sectors

Self-healing high polymers

Self-healing materials are a class of smart materials that have the structurally incorporated ability to repair damage caused by mechanical usage over time.

They act like biological tissue and repair damages automatically

All

right

s re

serv

ed to

Dr.

Sbr

i MO

UR

AD

Tou

s dr

oits

res

ervé

s à

Dr.

Sab

ri M

OU

RD

Page 9: HRTM chemical sector

Technologies in Chemical sector

Major Emerging technologies in Chemical sectors

Combinatorial Chemestry

Combinatorial chemistry involves the rapid synthesis or the computer simulation of a large number of different but structurally related molecules or materials.

It is especially common in CADD (Computer aided drug design) and can be done online with web based software, such as molinspiration.

All

right

s re

serv

ed to

Dr.

Sbr

i MO

UR

AD

Tou

s dr

oits

res

ervé

s à

Dr.

Sab

ri M

OU

RD

Page 10: HRTM chemical sector

Technologies in Biotechnology sector

Biotechnology sector, some general information

Biotechnology is a field of applied biology that involves the use of living organisms and bioprocesses in engineering, technology, medicine and other fields requiring bioproducts.

UN defined Biotechnology as “Any technological application that uses biological systems, living organisms, or derivatives thereof, to make or modify products or processes for specific use.“

In other term "Application of scientific and technical advances in life science to develop commercial products" is biotechnology A

ll rig

hts

rese

rved

to D

r. S

bri M

OU

RA

D T

ous

droi

ts r

eser

vés

à D

r. S

abri

MO

UR

D

Page 11: HRTM chemical sector

Technologies in Biotechnology sector

Biotechnology sector, major trends

Genetics

-Genetics: a discipline of biology, is the science of genes, heredity, and variation in living organisms

-Genetics deals with the molecular structure and function of genes, with gene behavior in the context of a cell or organism, with patterns of inheritance from parent to offspring, and with gene distribution, variation and change in populations.

- Given that genes are universal to living organisms, genetics can be applied to the study of any living system from viruses and bacteria, through plants (especially crops) to humans (for example in Medical Genetics)

All

right

s re

serv

ed to

Dr.

Sbr

i MO

UR

AD

Tou

s dr

oits

res

ervé

s à

Dr.

Sab

ri M

OU

RD

Page 12: HRTM chemical sector

Technologies in Biotechnology sector

Biotechnology sector, major trends

-Genetics exploded after the sequencing of the Human Genomes in 2000s

- It is now a major technology to create new medical products and to detect new diseases

- Genetics is also applied in many industrial products related to Human being and preventive medicines

All

right

s re

serv

ed to

Dr.

Sbr

i MO

UR

AD

Tou

s dr

oits

res

ervé

s à

Dr.

Sab

ri M

OU

RD

Page 13: HRTM chemical sector

Technologies in Biotechnology sector

Biotechnology sector, major trends

،Biofactories: This is related to the use of Plants and Animals to create Biomoleculs with defined Biofunctions. These molecules could be used in improving foods and making new pharmaceutical products.

One of the oldest applications is the Penicillin made by Mushrooms

All

right

s re

serv

ed to

Dr.

Sbr

i MO

UR

AD

Tou

s dr

oits

res

ervé

s à

Dr.

Sab

ri M

OU

RD

Page 14: HRTM chemical sector

Technologies in Biotechnology sector

Biotechnology sector, major trends

،Biosensors

A biosensor is an analytical device for the detection of an analyte that combines a biological component with a physicochemical detector component.It consists of 3 parts:- the sensitive biological element (biological material (e.g. tissue, microorganisms, organelles, cell receptors, etc

-the transducer or the detector element that transforms the signal resulting from the interaction of the analyte with the biological element into another signal (i.e., transducers) that can be more easily measured and quantified;

-associated electronics or signal processors that are primarily responsible for the display of the results in a user-friendly way

An example of a commercial biosensor is the blood glucose biosensor

All

right

s re

serv

ed to

Dr.

Sbr

i MO

UR

AD

Tou

s dr

oits

res

ervé

s à

Dr.

Sab

ri M

OU

RD

Page 15: HRTM chemical sector

Technologies in Biotechnology sector

Biotechnology sector, major trends

،Biomaterials

A biomaterial is any matter, surface, or construct that interacts with biological systems. Biomaterials science encompasses elements of medicine, biology, chemistry, tissue engineering and materials science.

Biomaterials are used in:

Bone plates Bone cementArtificial ligaments and tendons Dental implants for tooth fixationBlood vessel prostheses Heart valvesSkin repair devices (artificial tissue) Contact lenses

etc

All

right

s re

serv

ed to

Dr.

Sbr

i MO

UR

AD

Tou

s dr

oits

res

ervé

s à

Dr.

Sab

ri M

OU

RD

Page 16: HRTM chemical sector

Technologies in Biotechnology sector

Biotechnology sector, major trends

Biophotonics ا��و�و��ت ا���و���

Nano-biotechnology ا���و� ا��و��ا��

Proteonics ت���ا��رو ��

Medical Robotics ا�رو�و��ت ا�ط����

Biometrics ا�����ت ا���و���

Bioremediation ا��داوي ا���و���

Bioproducts ا�����ت ا���و���

All

right

s re

serv

ed to

Dr.

Sbr

i MO

UR

AD

Tou

s dr

oits

res

ervé

s à

Dr.

Sab

ri M

OU

RD

Page 17: HRTM chemical sector

Technologies in Biotechnology sector

Biotechnology sector, Opportunities for the future

-Opportunities for Human Health

VaccinesDrugs based on GeneticsMedical devicesRecombinant therapeutic Products DiagnosticsStem Cells EngineeringGenetics treatementNutraceutics

All

right

s re

serv

ed to

Dr.

Sbr

i MO

UR

AD

Tou

s dr

oits

res

ervé

s à

Dr.

Sab

ri M

OU

RD

Page 18: HRTM chemical sector

Technologies in Biotechnology sector

Biotechnology sector, Opportunities for the future

-Opportunities for Agriculture and Food industry

High productivity CropsMedical plantsBio remediationHealthy foodMolecular BreedingLow water consumption plantsResistant plants against some diseasesNew industrial products (colored cotton)

All

right

s re

serv

ed to

Dr.

Sbr

i MO

UR

AD

Tou

s dr

oits

res

ervé

s à

Dr.

Sab

ri M

OU

RD

Page 19: HRTM chemical sector

Technologies in Biotechnology sector

Biotechnology sector, Opportunities for the future

-Opportunities for Animals

VaccinesGenomicsBiopharmaceuticalsBioinformatics Gene Therapy

All

right

s re

serv

ed to

Dr.

Sbr

i MO

UR

AD

Tou

s dr

oits

res

ervé

s à

Dr.

Sab

ri M

OU

RD

Page 20: HRTM chemical sector

Technologies in Biotechnology sector

Biotechnology sector, Opportunities for the future

-Opportunities for Industry and Environment

Bioleaching of MineralsPharmaceutical IntermediatesFine ChemicalsNew Chemical productsBiomimetic MaterialsProduction of HydrogenFermentationEnzymes productionBio polymersNew sources of Bio energy

All

right

s re

serv

ed to

Dr.

Sbr

i MO

UR

AD

Tou

s dr

oits

res

ervé

s à

Dr.

Sab

ri M

OU

RD

Page 21: HRTM chemical sector

Technologies in Biotechnology sector

Biotechnology sector, Emerging technologies

������ت ا���و�� ا���ر�� وا������ا

����در � ����ت ا��د�دة � طب وا��! �"������ر ا���"�ت ا���ر� وا�# ����� �ھ�ك ز�در �ذا"( أ�ً'�� ، و!ذ�ك !�"��� � �ط��ق ,( �ر�� . ا�!���!� ا���و� إ�د أظ�رت ا��,

�ن أ�ل �طو�ر ا���ك ا����ن �واء �ن 01ل ا���د�ل ا���( أو ، ا�4��ك ا��ر� وا���ر��دة ا��0��ت����ن 01ل ا#��ء �.

,( ا���طرة � 6 أ�راض وأو�" ا�4��ك� ا���و� أن ���!ن �ن ا����ھ��!ن � ��. � ط�7���� و������8 ��ن ا��طورات ا����'�� �� �د�دة ��'�ن ,����ت ��ھ�ك

��و,�ت ور�7"ق ا��رو��ن، و� م �ا���!رو�� ، و D.N.A و,�ت ال د���ي.ن.ا:���� و��ر ھ( ,( ,�م ا�����0ت. ا#����خ، وا��رو���ت، وا���;�ل ا�'و"('� ,( ھذا ا��إن ا�ز

إ�6 ,�م وظ�"ف ا��ز"��ت ا��رد�,�':�� ، .ا�دا1 � ��ن �!و�ت ا�1 � All

right

s re

serv

ed to

Dr.

Sbr

i MO

UR

AD

Tou

s dr

oits

res

ervé

s à

Dr.

Sab

ri M

OU

RD

Page 22: HRTM chemical sector

Technologies in Biotechnology sector

Biotechnology sector, Emerging technologies

ا������ ا����و��

��س ا�ذري أو ا��ز�"(، إذ أن��واد وأدوات وأ��زة �د7 ا� ?���! ا��و��ُ◌��رف ا���س ,( ھذه ا���دة ا��د�دة،C�� ا���و��ا��د�د �ن ا����#ت ا��( �D!ل ���ً�� �زًءا �ن ا��6 � ��س ا��وي � �ط���ت ا�ط���وذ�ك �ن 01ل �طو�ر ا������ت ا���و� وا4دوات ���

.���ل ا��;�ل

ا������ت ا���و�و����ً�D��ًرا ���ً�� ��و�و�ً�� أو ��ن '�� �'Cوط ����ر ا������ت ا���و�و�� أدوات �� � �

)"�����ول ,�ز��"( !� ?��? أو �ر��ًط� �D!ل و;�ق 0��!��,�( ���وي � 6. ��و�و�ً�� �واء �ر ��و�و�( �;ل ا:ز�م، وا��'�د ا���وي، ا���ض ا�ووي، وا��� � أو ا�!�"ن ا��(�

.ا���!روي

All

right

s re

serv

ed to

Dr.

Sbr

i MO

UR

AD

Tou

s dr

oits

res

ervé

s à

Dr.

Sab

ri M

OU

RD

Page 23: HRTM chemical sector

Technologies in Biotechnology sector

Biotechnology sector, Emerging technologies

ا����و����� ا���و�� و���رب ا������ ا����و����� ا���و��

����ظو��ت ا:دارة ا� ��ر, ا���و�����م ا�� ), ���� ا��� و��ن �ط���ت ا��'��.��ط��ق ا��ط ا����Cر، وا!��Dف ا��ط، و����� ا�����?، و1وارز���ت ا�د����ك ا��ز�"(

� �Cت ا��D!�ت، ورؤ� ا�����ت � ، و�و ا���ط��ت ا��1�!�D �ن ا��طورات �و��'�� ،٩ ا���ط��ت����� ��1��.و�ظو��ت

Bionics ا���و���س ��������ت ا��� وا:�!�رو��ت��� ا�و�ل ��ن ا��.��رف ��

، وو�0ت ا���ب ���� 6 ا��'0ت ا� ��ل ���ل �ط��ق ھذه ا���D�–وا�زرع ، ا��' ، ���,( 7و�7 ا4ذ ن، وا�زرع ,( ���ز ا�رؤ� ، وا:�!�رو��ت ا4�� ، وا�و�0ت ا�

ا���01 ا��� ا��( ُ���1دم !�����ت و����ت �? ا�و�0ت��ن أ�'�ً ھذه ا��'�� ا:�!�رو�

All

right

s re

serv

ed to

Dr.

Sbr

i MO

UR

AD

Tou

s dr

oits

res

ervé

s à

Dr.

Sab

ri M

OU

RD

Page 24: HRTM chemical sector

Technologies in Biotechnology sector

Biotechnology sector, Emerging technologies

���ء ا��د�دة������ ا�و��ل وا إ��دة ��د�د ا4و��ل وا4�'�ء�.وھ( �

��� �D!ل ر"��( � 6 �طو�رات ��ددة �;ل إ��ج وزرع ��01 ���م ا��ر!�ز ,( ھذه ا���رض ا��!ر 6 �. � ��طرة Insulin و��ن�I�

��ل أ1رى � 6 ا�� د ا��? ي �� 6 أ ��ل ھذه ا���D� /رو��تC�ا��زروع وا��ظم وا� � �ر�و�ت���. ا� Implants

Xeno-Transplantation ا�ذراع ا� ر�ب ����� إ�6 ا4ذرع ا���وا��.ا��Dر� -��دف ھذه ا��

�? أن ھذه ا��!�!�ت 7د أظ�رت ����� أي ً��� L�� د�دة و�!ن �م�د �ر�ت �!�!�ت � ���0 ھذه ا��� A

ll rig

hts

rese

rved

to D

r. S

bri M

OU

RA

D T

ous

droi

ts r

eser

vés

à D

r. S

abri

MO

UR

D

Page 25: HRTM chemical sector

Technologies in Biotechnology sector

Biotechnology sector, Emerging technologies

��وث �ول ���دة ا�$�#و#�.Stem Cell ���ل ا��و وا�1 � ا��ذ��ر��� ���دث 1رو�7ت ��� ���4ث �ول

����� ا����م ا����دة ا�$�&�� N�Immunized,راط و!ذ�ك ���ت �رض ��� �ن �طو�ر أ���م �'�د ��وا�'�� ,( ا4���ب ��� Phage Displayوا������1ت ا�وا�د� Monoclonalا��Dر� ا�

��ت� ��ا� 1����.أو ,( ا���وا�ت ا�

�!ن ر�ط ا���4م ا��'�دة �? �ز�"�ت أ1رى �7درة � 6 ا!��Dف أو 7�ل ا���01 ا��ر�'�. ��� ا�4ذ� ا���

�د�0ت ا��!ر وإ'�,�ت ���و� Dietaryو�'�دات ا4!�دة وا�4ذ���ن ھذه ا��'��.Prebiotics ا��رو��و�� Probioticوا��ر���و��

All

right

s re

serv

ed to

Dr.

Sbr

i MO

UR

AD

Tou

s dr

oits

res

ervé

s à

Dr.

Sab

ri M

OU

RD

Page 26: HRTM chemical sector

Technologies in Biotechnology sector

Biotechnology sector, Emerging technologies

����� ا��*��ت و�����ت ا�(ذ�� ا�ط����� أ7ل وا��( ���ظ �وا���ت������ ا�Cذاء ھ( �و �طو�ر أ�ذ� ط����� ا���"دة ,( ��ا�ز

����!.�� أ,'ل ��ر!��ت ا�!� و�O;�را�8 ا، و�!�!�ت �� � � أ,'ل،ً�, ��ن �طو�رات ھذه ا��'��

أ!;ر ا��دا ً #، و!ذ�ك ا�!�� ا��Cر� Micro Encapsulationو,�ل ،�����و�!�!�ت ،. إ�P...ا���ر�ر � !� ،/ و,�م ظواھر ا�ر�ط Phase ا4طوار

����� ا�+��ب ا�ذ��� و�ر ا�(ذ���!ن �'��ن �����ت ��و� ,( ا�;��ب ���ث ����Dر ا�;��ب �ن ا�ذي � ���� و�� ا�ذي ��� 8�

.اQن و�را7ب ������ ا���ز�و�و���!ن أ�ً'� �'��ن �����ت ,( �را"ر ا�4ذ� �!( ��م ��د�د ��� ا��� �ب. �

All

right

s re

serv

ed to

Dr.

Sbr

i MO

UR

AD

Tou

s dr

oits

res

ervé

s à

Dr.

Sab

ri M

OU

RD

Page 27: HRTM chemical sector

Technologies in Biotechnology sector

Biotechnology sector, Emerging technologies

����� ا�����د ا���و�و�, ���روب�د و�ود ����رات و�و��1ت أو � و;�ت و��!ن أن Rوھ�� Bacteria ر��ت��د ُ طورت ��!�

�ر 1طرة��.���1دم ���Dر إ�6 و�ود أو ��و�و���"����رب !� Agents ل��!ن أن �!�Dف ا������ت ا���و� و�ود �وا� ��!

.و��دد ������ �ظ�ف �وا7? ا�����ت�ظو��ت ��ذ�ر ، إذار ��!ر، ا�درة � 6 ا!��Dف! ��ن �ظو��ت ا�!Dف ا���وي ا���'�� �'���ذرات � 1طر ?� ا��ز�"�ت ا���و�و�� �وا�ط أ��ن ��زر� وأوف إ�!�رو�,�;!

���,.����� ا��واد ا�-��� ا���و�و���

ا��1دا��� ,( ا�طب��!� ا���و�و�� إ��واد ا�0 � .��دي ا��و����رات ا��!و� ك ھذه ا��واد �ط���ت �د�دة ,( ����( �طو�ر ا������ت ا�ط�� و,( ��ض ا���4ن �طو�ر�

.ا������ت ا���"��ت � 6 ا�� د. � ���ر إ�� ���1دم أ�ً'� � ��ر�ر ا��ط(ء :���ل ا4دو� A

ll rig

hts

rese

rved

to D

r. S

bri M

OU

RA

D T

ous

droi

ts r

eser

vés

à D

r. S

abri

MO

UR

D

Page 28: HRTM chemical sector

Technologies in Biotechnology sector

Biotechnology sector, Emerging technologies

����� ا��و����رات ا���و��

P��� � � ��د�د وھ( !;�ًرا �� �!ون ��7 ��7 ��در ط������ن �و�د ا��و����رات ا���و� �ن �7ل �ظو��ت ��و�و�� R��ُ ن أ ن!� ,( ا:��ج و���. ��وً�� Biodegradable، و��ر �

�ن �واد اط0ق ��و�و�� ��ً"���أو أن ُ�ّر!ب !�� 6 ا���رول ,( ھذا ا����ق،. إن ا��و����رات ا���و� ھ( �د�ل �ن ا��و����رات ا��ؤ��

� �و����ر ا�� �دي���D ت���!;�ًرا �� �!ون . �وا Bio-Polyesters ر ا���وي�ك ا��و��� ��ا��و����رات

��0ك�� L��ز�ً�� �ن ا��D وأواع أ1رى �ن ا���0��ك، ��� �D�6 ا � ا��ؤ����ززة �وا���ت ��"�.

�ن ا��و����رات ا���و� ا��رو���ت وا�!ر�وھ�درات وا���ض ا�ووي'��.Nucleic Acid

All

right

s re

serv

ed to

Dr.

Sbr

i MO

UR

AD

Tou

s dr

oits

res

ervé

s à

Dr.

Sab

ri M

OU

RD

Page 29: HRTM chemical sector

Technologies in Biotechnology sector

Biotechnology sector, Emerging technologies

ا��ق ا���وي/ ����� ا.��ءة ا���و�� ���"( أ� 8 ,( ا����'��ت ا���و��! )"����ل !����� L���.إ�� 'وء

�ن � 'وء ,( ا����ط����در ا��إن ا4�ق ا���وي ھو ���در� ا4و�6، ظ�ھرة ��ر� وھو ا�� 6 ا��D4ر ، أو ,( �'? Rوھ�6 ا�4 ب !�طر � �� 6 ا��ر، ,�Dھد ا4�ق ��ا����ق، ��

. "�'���"0ت �ن ا��Dرات ا� "�'�.إن ا��رو���ت ا���Dر! ھ( ا� و����راز��ت ، وا��رو���ت ا��و����� ، وا��رو���ت ا�

SSF ����ا� ����ا��#��ر &, ا� ����� �L وا����و��� و�1��;ل ا� رط�D1 � ��واد 6 � ���'��ت �Cر� �ھ( زرا

L�.ا� . �D!ل ر"��( ,( ا��1��رات ا��طر� SSF ُ◌ ��ط�ق أ�ً'� �

All

right

s re

serv

ed to

Dr.

Sbr

i MO

UR

AD

Tou

s dr

oits

res

ervé

s à

Dr.

Sab

ri M

OU

RD

Page 30: HRTM chemical sector

Technologies in Biotechnology sector

Biotechnology sector, Emerging technologies

����� ا����م ا���و�و�,� 6 ا��1دام ا����'��ت ا��Cر� ، أو ���1ر��ت �ن �;ل ھذه ��ل ھذه ا���D�

��ل���.ا����'��ت، وذ�ك � ��طرة � 6 ا4و�" وا4�راض وا4��Dب ا�'�رة ,( ا����ل ), ��إن ا��م ا��Dري �ل Bacillus Thuringiensisھو ا���R ا4!;ر �Dرة وا��1داً

.ا���!م ا���و�و�(P� ��!��!ن ا�ول أن ا���ث ,( �رو���ت �د�دة 7د ا!��ب 7وة د,? إ'�,� �و�ود إ�

.ا����ت إ�6 دا1ل ا�����ت ذا���

All

right

s re

serv

ed to

Dr.

Sbr

i MO

UR

AD

Tou

s dr

oits

res

ervé

s à

Dr.

Sab

ri M

OU

RD