HRM Case Review Uitm

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Human Resource Management

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MEMBERS

NOOR AQILAH BT. MOHD ARIFF2010561541

NORSHILA BT. JAYA2010919871

NURUL WAHIDA BINTI SUBRI2010393671

NUR AISYAH BINTI MAHBOB2010312861



Summary of case study

• J.D Wallace, a 30 year old engineer with Betchel Engineering and possessed a skill of working out with the software technology for engineering, Plant Design System (PDS). PDS is a system that required a skill to develop and most demanded skill in industry. However, some workers did not interested to develop this skill. Wallace pointed out that improving skill is important for career development and it is not a waste of time although the technology quickly become obsolete.



Question 1:

Is Wallace concerned with job security or

career security? Discuss.



Introduction

• Job is something you do without much concern for the long-term.

• You get a job to buy your first car, to have extra spending money, to learn about work, or to pay the bills.

• When young people work part-time in retail sales jobs, they aren’t thinking of it as a career.

• The same goes for senior citizens who take on jobs after they’ve retired. It is simply work done in exchange for money.

• Jobs are important for people of all ages.A job can put food on the family table. Some jobs even earn people high wages.



• Most careers start with education. Many people work jobs because they don’t have the education needed to enter careers, though jobs can certainly turn into careers, regardless of type of employment.

• Careers are about building on experience and advancing your job skills and knowledge.

• You can apply for a job, but you cannot apply for a career. A job is given to you; a career is made by you.



• “Career” is a lifelong process made up of a sequence of activities and related attitudes or behaviours that take place in a person’s work life.

• It is also viewed as: a pattern of work related experiences, such as job positions, jobs duties or activities, work related decisions; and subjective interpretations of work related events, such as work aspirations, expectations, values, needs and feelings about particular work experiences, that span the course of a person’s life. (Greenhaus, et al. 2000)

• Apparently, a career is not just a job, but revolves around a process, an attitude, behaviour and a situation in a person’s work life to achieve set career goals.

• Career is the property of individuals, but for the employed, it is organisations that will plan and manage employee careers.



• However, during the last few decades there is concept that individuals are also responsible to cater to and build their own careers, instead of leaving it entirely to the organisation to manage.

• Hence, career management requires initiative from both organisations as well as individuals in order to provide maximum benefit for both.

• Career development is about the development of employees that is beneficial to both the individual and organisation, and is a complex process .



In this case study, Wallace is concerned with the career security.

• DefinitionJob security used to mean finding a position in a good company, showing up on time, performing your job reasonably well, and having fairly predictable advancement up the ranks. We all know that is no longer true.

• Job Security is transformed into Career SecurityNowadays ,job security has changed. We have moved from a position of seniority to one of promoting performance, from one of security to one of adaptability. Though we can no longer rely on security from one's employer, we still can have it. Today we must focus on career security.



• Career security is not a continued reliance on a company or position, but a new way of approaching your job and your career. It is a method that will give you the ability to continue to earn a living no matter what happens to your job or the company.

• The problem is, It is difficult for people to find new jobs or keep their current job if they do not have the ability to do the jobs. Unfortunately, a lot of people do not realize the importance of learning new skills. They believe their many years of working experience are enough to make them stay in the company and feel too comfortable that the company will not be able to replace them regarding their experiences and contribution to the company.



How to secure career?

1. Maintain EmployabilityPortable competencies and experience in critical projects are always in demand, regardless of who your employer is. Gathering and maintaining this experience is the key to employability rather than mere employment.

To maintain and increase employability, gather skills in these areas:

Experience on "hot" projects in your area of practice, particularly if you believe this experience will be in demand in the future. For example, if you believe that Plant Design System (PDS )is the fastest growing and most demanded skill in industry, then you have to learn the skills and be able to run the system by using the latest technology. It is a way of helping position yourself for a prosperous career.



People and project management skills are highly valued in today's team-based multi-agency projects. Gain experience in working with diverse groups, from fellow engineers, to regulators, to permit agencies, to the public. Learn and expand project management skills in handling project schedules, management, and financial accountability.

Build your skills and reputation as a problem solver, as someone who adds value to an organization.



2. Develop Your Network - Make your skills and experience knownCompetence is necessary but not sufficient for career security. While it is important to be good at your job, your security also lies in others knowing that.

• Make sure you are visible by choice, not by chance. Do this by developing and maintaining a professional network. These are the people who know your value in the marketplace and will often help you find (or be a reference for) your next career move. These people should not only be key decision makers within the organizations, but also clients, co-workers, suppliers, and industry leaders outside the organization.

• Your best security comes from recognition and appreciation by others in your engineering community.

• Keep updating your resume, at least on a yearly basis. Your resume is your passport that lets people know the skills you have and experience you hold. More importantly, it demonstrates the value you can add to an organization.



3. Adapt to today's market reality Today's organizations need employees

who have the capability to do several tasks or be deployed to work on a variety of projects. It is important not to be too specialized, or pidgin-holed into a narrow field. Broaden your career options. Develop multiple ways you can go. Be flexible and nimble.

Also be adaptable to our constantly changing technology. Eagerly embrace new technologies that improve your efficiency and increase the value added to organizations. Adapt to a company's organizational changes. With department re-organizations happening constantly, understand the value you add and the way you can continue to be a positive productive contributor for whatever organizational structure develops.

Career security can be yours if you maintain your employability, market your skills, and adapt to changes as they occur.



Based on the article given, Wallace is more concerned with the career security based on the comparison between the job and career. It is based on three characteristics:

1.Time2.Requirement3.Benefits Obtained.



Time• Based on the definitions given by

the Oxford dictionary, career and job are totally different things. Career is the profession held by an individual throughout his work life and job is an activity which is exchanged for payment. From the definition we can see that career hold a long-time activities from job. To make it easy to understand, career is developed over series of jobs (Ronny R. Paredes, 1999). The animation next will show how career is differs from a job.



Designer

Marketing

Manager

Job + Job + Job

=Career.



• Based on the article, Wallace is more focused on career security in terms of when he repeatedly said that getting new skills is important to add value to the company and link it to the benefits that you have for more skilled workers. Skills obtained through out training given by the organization can be used in long-term period which is more focused on career security. Such example, an scientist who has good research skill can be promoted into a research scientist. This shows that skills obtained through training can be the one that can secure the career of an individual.



Requirement • To secure career, the requirement

needed is more than the requirement needed for a job. Job is focused on one activity which is need to be completed by the employees while career is the ongoing job improvement or job development. Such example, from a trainee to be a manager, there are special training need to be involved by the employees in order to carry out the job effectively. The animation next will show how the process of requirement to secure career.



How am I going to be promoted?

Training

Training

TrainingTraining

Training

TrainingTraining

Training

TrainingTraining

Training



• Based on the articles, Wallace focused on career security when again, he repeatedly saying about getting new skills through training. Requirement of securing career is to have a lot of skills where the key of securing career is when there is high demand on the skills that you have ( William Barnson, 2010). Such example, the a clerk who has an excellent writing, editing, communication and research skills can be promoted to be a Public Relations Officer which a job that requires these skills. However, special training need to be held in order to implement more skills on graphics and audio which is needed also to be a Public Relations Officer. Thus, the requirement to secure career is more than requirement to secure job as Wallace said that an employees need to be train and retrain to secure their career.



Benefits of securing career• Next, the benefits of securing the

careers rather than securing the jobs. Career is an activity which is broad while job the activity is focus only on one thing. Such example, career is about the life of a CEO who is originated from only a supervisor and with his will, determination and hard work, he becomes a CEO at his company. The flow of the jobs done shows the ongoing career of the CEO. There are two benefits that can be obtained if securing the career rather than securing the job.



1. Improving the life and working condition

2.Gaining new experience from different jobs and training taken. .



• Career security can improves the life conditions of an employee. – If the employee focused on securing

the career rather than focusing job security, he can improve the life conditions. Based on the articles, Wallace told about how his friends who are quitting his current job for a job who gives him 35% more salary. This shows that Wallace focusing on how to secure the career by improving and learning new skills. Better life condition does not mean bigger salary for more skilled workers, but also in term of recognition on the work done.



• New experience from the jobs taken.– As what has been explained from the

beginning, the scope between job and career is completely different. Career is wide and job is narrow due to the work done. The benefits that can be gained from securing the career is that more and more experience gained through out the process. Career, is a series of jobs done, thus the experience on working different jobs gives out different experience to the person. Based on the article, Wallace is pressuring on getting new skills, which it is linked to securing the career. However, besides the skills obtained, the experience also being obtained from the various training class attended.



• Both of the points given that career security is more beneficial to a person rather than securing the job. To relate with the article, adding the value of the an employee to the organization as what Wallace stressed in the article to secure the career of the employee through out various of training and education taken is important and through training it will increased the skills have by the employee and finally, it will secure the career for the employees.



Definition of Career

Development•The planned succession of jobs worked out by a firm to develop its employees (Mondy & Noe)



Objective of Career

Development

• To help individuals cope with continued changes in the world of work• To help individuals understand their unique abilities, interests, and attitudes• To Improve the performance through on the job training experience provided by horizontal and vertical career moves• To provide up-to-date occupational information and other labor market data• To determine the training needs



Question• Do you agree with Wallace statement that “improving you skills is never a waste of time,” considering that he has learned systems which quickly become obsoletes? Discuss.



Answer:YES!

WHYYYYYYYY?



J.D. Wallace always keep track of the latest development in the computer industry

He learns to acquire the latest engineering software design program, Plant Design System (PDS) that is used to create a 3D model of a petro-chemical refinery

PDS is the fastest growing and most sought after skill in the industry

It is also a major design system that most of their clients prefer

Advantages in improving skills

1. Boost Productivity



Continue learning and acquiring new skills will also increase confidence level in the person like J.D. Wallace to perform his duties in the company where he works

He will not find himself redundant in the company

2.Increase confidence level



The ability to operate the latest system and to continue learning and acquiring new skills will enable engineers like J.D. Wallace to easily find employment in other companies or to keep their current job.

3. Wider job opportunity



Engineers such as J.D. Wallace who realizes the importance of learning new technology and the related skills have become the most sought after employees in the industry.

4. Promotion



It is an undeniable fact that engineers equipped with all the latest skills in the industry like J.D. Wallace will command a high salary.

5. Salary



Examples:• Engineering software design program:-

AutoCAD 2003 AutoCAD 2007 AutoCAD2010

• Other examples: Cartier and Solid Work



Challenges in improving skill in

career development



1.Current Economy ConditionCost to the company: • Organizations now focus on the

advancement of a few carefully selected employees for career growth as cost-cutting, downsizing and flatter organizational structures have reduced or eliminated career development functions.

“Very few companies spend the time and money needed to give workers all the training they need”.



2. Technology Changes Due to world globalization, technology keep changing and updating.

Especially in engineering occupation which is handling machines and software, e.g: PDS (Plant Design System)

PDS is updating periodically because this system faster become functionally obsolete.



3. Attitudes Toward Work Some of the workers define

their personal success only in terms of financial gains rather than job opportunity.

Employees also ensconced in a comfort zone created by having secure position for too long.

Lack of motivation.“ A survey of more than 3000

workers, 86 percent said being fulfillment at work and work life balance were their top priorities, while the rest 35 percent said being successful at work and moving up the ladder is their top priorities. (Snell & Bohlander, 2012).”



Ways to overcome challenges



1. Employer’s Responsibility (Betchel Engineering)

Create more training and development programmed that can benefit all the workers. It is encouraging if the opportunity to go for the training cover all the workers, in all level and department.

Provides a special fund of the career development for the workers. Special fund is very important as it is an long term investment in a company.

Evaluating workers performance before and after gaining new skill is very important in order to measure the effectiveness of the training that being given to avoid the waste of money.



Promotion by merit not seniority, evaluation based on performance of the workers will motivate them to improve skill and keep going forward.

“If it is a learning that can lead to an improvement in business process or production process, then not implementing it can lead to productivity losses. Therefore, only those firms which can constantly capture such intrinsic knowledge that happens every day in the shopfloor, can be competitive and sustainable (Wickramasinghe, 2006)”.

Eliminates worker who do not performed well and low productivity to lighten the burden and liability of the company.

A good collaboration with the software developer to enhance the competency of the new skill.

“A survey conducted by Bentley in 2008 found that 90 percent of users said the transition from PDS was important to their business. Yet only 28 percent said they had sufficient information to make a business decision as to which path forward to take.” (Bently, 2012)



2. Employees Responsibilities (workers at the Betchel Engineering)

It is duty of workers to plan and develop their skills and expertise. The skills need to be developed by the new idea of improvement, handling crisis, and application universal solution for all problems.

Employees need to understand the company’s culture values, vision and mission.

They by themselves need to be aware of their surrounding and environment changing.

Gathering the information is essential and keep updating the information is useful to analyze the skill needed in current situation.



Conclusion

• Presently, in order to secure career position in our life, we must realize that we must be knowledgeable and stay current or we will be left behind.

• Workers with the needed skills gets the priority and have a lot of options. They can just choose any company that they want that best suites their future career.

• Workers today must do whatever it takes to get the training and skills needed to keep their jobs. Some workers do change companies to get the necessary training and huge salary in order to secure their careers.

• Workers without those skills have very limited choices because they do not add value to their companies.

• It is very important to constantly increase our value to the company. By doing this, we can become the highest paid and most sought after employees.



References Barnson, W. (May, 27, 2010). Bounce back like a

champion. Indiana: AuthorHouse

Baruch, Y. (2004). Transforming careers: From linear to multidirectional career paths - organisational and individual perspectives. Career Development International, 9(1), 58 – 73

Bohlander,G & Snell,S. (2012). Principles of Human Resource Management. South-Western

Bola Adekola, (2011, May). Australian Journal of Business and Management Research, Career Planning and Career Management as Correlates for Career Development and Job Satisfaction. 1(2).

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Difference between the Job and Career. (2012, 29 April). Retrieved from http://www.job-interview-site.com/job-vs-career-the-difference-between-a-job-and-a-career.html.

Greenhaus, J.G., Callanan, G.A., & Godshalk, V.M. (2000). Career management. (3rd ed.). New York: The Dryden Press.

Paredes, R. R. (1999). CareersIT 2000: A New Guide to Computer Occupations. Graduate School, USDA Center for Applied Technology

Plant Design System. (2012, 29 April). Retrieved from http://www.intergraph.com/products/ppm/pds/


http://www.job-interview-site.com/job-vs-career-the-difference-between-a-job-and-a-career.html

http://www.job-interview-site.com/job-vs-career-the-difference-between-a-job-and-a-career.html

http://www.intergraph.com/products/ppm/pds/


Weddles, P. (2009). Career Security. Retrieved from Weddles.com: http://www.weddles.com/RSS/Content/carsecur.html


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