HPAC - 201303

7/27/2019 HPAC - 201303

1/45

MARCH 2013 | www.hpac.com A Penton Publication

2013 AHR Expo

Product Review

Design Solutions:

Duct-Sealing Technology and

DOAS With Energy Recovery

Maximizing Outdoor-Air-

Economizer Operation

Product Spotlight: Rooftop Units

7KH5[IRU

7/27/2019 HPAC - 201303

2/45

Digital Edition Copyright Notice

The content contained in this digital edition (Digital Material), as well as itsselection and arrangement, is owned by Penton Media, Inc. and its affiliated

companies, licensors, and suppliers, and is protected by their respective copyright,

trademark and other proprietary rights.

Upon payment of the subscription price, if applicable, you are hereby authorized

to view, download, copy, and print Digital Material solely for your own personal,

non-commercial use, provided that by doing any of the foregoing, you

acknowledge that (i) you do not and will not acquire any ownership rights of any

kind in the Digital Material or any portion thereof, (ii) you must preserve all copyrightand other proprietary notices included in any downloaded Digital Material, and (iii)

you must comply in all respects with the use restrictions set forth below and in the

Penton Privacy Policy and the Penton Terms of Use (the Use Restrictions), each

of which is hereby incorporated by reference. Any use not in accordance with, and

any failure to comply fully with, the Use Restrictions is expressly prohibited by law,

and may result in severe civil and criminal penalties. Violators will be prosecuted

to the maximum possible extent.

You may not modify, publish, license, transmit (including by way of email, facsimile

or other electronic means), transfer, sell, reproduce (including by copying orposting on any network computer), create derivative works from, display, store, or

in any way exploit, broadcast, disseminate or distribute, in any format or media of

any kind, any of the Digital Material, in whole or in part, without the express prior

written consent of Penton Media, Inc. To request content for commercial use or

Pentons approval of any other restricted activity described above, please contact

the Reprints Department at (888) 858-8851. Without in any way limiting the

foregoing, you may not use spiders, robots, data mining techniques or other

automated techniques to catalog, download or otherwise reproduce, store or

distribute any Digital Material.

NEITHER PENTON NOR ANY THIRD PARTY CONTENT PROVIDER OR

THEIR AGENTS SHALL BE LIABLE FOR ANY ACT, DIRECT OR INDIRECT,

INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT

OF THE USE OF OR ACCESS TO ANY DIGITAL MATERIAL, AND/OR ANY

INFORMATION CONTAINED THEREIN.

7/27/2019 HPAC - 201303

3/45

PEX-a PLUMBING

FIRE SAFETY SYSTEMS

RADIANT

HEATING & COOLING

PRE-INSULATED PIPE

Connect with Uponor.

Connect with a higher level of confidence.Since 1972, Uponor has been providing quality PEX-a pipe and reliable ProPEX expansion fittings

for hydronic radiant applications from radiant floor heating to radiant cooling to hydronic distribution

piping. With more than 15 billion feet of pipe and over 500 million fittings in service, Uponor has

more than proven its powerful properties.

Uponor Advantages

Most tested, trusted, listed and code-approved PEX-a for commercial

Cost-effective solution providing faster installs and stable material costs

Comprehensive product offering

Full-service design and technical support

Uponorengineering.com resource portal for CAD, Specs, Submittals, BIM and LEED

In fact, the only connection tighter than our ProPEX fitting is the one between Uponor and our partners.

Uponor provides the expertise, products and partnership to help you differentiate and build your business.

Uponorpro.com/radiant2013

Scan to see a case study

video and to order yourfree design assistance manual.

*PYJSL
http://uponorengineering.com/http://uponorengineering.com/http://uponorengineering.com/http://uponorpro.com/radiant2013http://uponorpro.com/radiant2013http://uponorengineering.com/

7/27/2019 HPAC - 201303

4/45

The engineers choice

Plug and Play

The line of radial plenum fans with GreenTech EC motor technology has been expanded again. And with the new

product line comes a new name: RadiPac. The RadiPac is equipped with motor, intelligent & aerodynamic impeller

design , and high-performance electronics up to 12 kW in one extremely compact package suitable for horizontal

and vertical installations with impeller diameters ranging from 400mm 900mm. That doesnt just save space; thanks

to plug and play it also reduces complexity. One more feature of these fans is their big performance: up to 14700

CFM at 4 inches H2O.

More information about air conditioning and ventilation systems with EC can be found at www.ebmpapst.us

*PYJSL
http://www.ebmpapst.us/http://www.ebmpapst.us/

7/27/2019 HPAC - 201303

5/45

1-800-339-7991

WE DELIVER COILS!3, 5, & 10 DayShipments Available

MultiTherm provides a wide selectionof quality products to meet your needs:

Steam / Steam Distributing

Hot Water / Chilled Water Coils

DX Evaporator Coils

Condenser Coils

HW Booster Coils

Tube Bundles / Heat Exchangers

Heat Transfer Fluids

Custom and Heavy Duty Coils available forHigh Temperature, High Pressure and Corrosive Applications.

ExpeditedShipmentsin5or

10working days

EmergencyShipmentsin3w

orking days

StandardDelive

ryin4-5weeks

Our quality Engineering Group

will help you

identify, and evaluate your coi

l needs.

We have the capability to cross

-reference

and duplicate any coil.

www.MultiThermCoils.com

*PYJSL
http://www.multithermcoils.com/http://www.multithermcoils.com/http://www.multithermcoils.com/http://www.multithermcoils.com/http://www.multithermcoils.com/http://www.multithermcoils.com/http://www.multithermcoils.com/http://www.multithermcoils.com/http://www.multithermcoils.com/http://www.multithermcoils.com/http://www.multithermcoils.com/http://www.multithermcoils.com/http://www.multithermcoils.com/http://www.multithermcoils.com/http://www.multithermcoils.com/http://www.multithermcoils.com/http://www.multithermcoils.com/http://www.multithermcoils.com/http://www.multithermcoils.com/http://www.multithermcoils.com/http://www.multithermcoils.com/http://www.multithermcoils.com/http://www.multithermcoils.com/http://www.multithermcoils.com/

7/27/2019 HPAC - 201303

6/45MARCH 2013 HPAC ENGINEERING 3

FEATURES:

22 2013 AHR Expo Product ReviewThe 2013 International Air-Conditioning, Heating, Refrigerating

Exposition (AHR Expo) was held Jan. 28-30 in Dallas. Here is a look atsome of the exhibited products you may have missed.

SCHOOLS AND UNIVERSITIES/MANUFACTURING AND INDUSTRIAL/HOSPITALS AND HEALTH CARE/

COMMERCIAL OFFICE BUILDINGS/GOVERNMENT BUILDINGS

26 Why Retrocommission Your Building?With energy costs on the rise and the future of oil, natural gas, and otherfossil fuels unknown, saving energy is top of mind for many buildingowners and managers. The ticket to increased energy efficiencyas wellas increased occupant satisfaction and lower operating costsisretrocommissioning. This article discusses what retrocommissioning is,why it is important, what buildings need it, and what its benefits are.Additionally, the article discusses ways in which retrocommissioning isimplemented and touches on pertinent code changes.

By William J. Stangeland

SCHOOLS AND UNIVERSITIES/MANUFACTURING AND INDUSTRIAL/HOSPITALS AND HEALTH CARE/

COMMERCIAL OFFICE BUILDINGS/GOVERNMENT BUILDINGS

30 Maximizing Outdoor-Air-Economizer OperationMany variable-air-volume systems are designed with incompatible and/orincomplete control strategiesthat undermine the perfor-mance of outdoor-air econo-mizers. This article discusseshow, through proper applica-tion of modern tools, such asdirect digital control and highly

accurate, low-cost instruments,a much higher level of successcan be achieved. Many of themethods discussed in this arti-cle are not industry-standard practice, but nonetheless worth consideringin the name of controllability, performance, and energy efficiency.

By Craig F. Hofferber, CxA, CSI

HPAC Heating/Piping/Air Conditioning Engineering(ISSN 1527-4055) is published monthly by Penton Media, Inc., 9800 MetcalfAve., Overland Park, KS 66212-2216. Periodicals Postage Paid at Shawnee Mission, KS and at additional mailing offices. CanadianPost Publications Mail agreement No. 40612608. Canada return address: Pitney Bowes, P.O. Box 25542, London, ON N6C 6B2.POSTMASTER: Send address changes to Customer Service, HPAC Engineering, P.O. Box 2100, Skokie, IL 60076-7800. Member ofAmerican Business Press Inc. and Business Publications Audit of Circulation, Inc.

ART ICLE REPRINTS and E-PR INTS: Increase exposure by including article reprints and e-prints in your next promotionalproject. High-quality article reprints and e-prints are available by contacting Wrights Media at 877-652-5295, e-mail:penton@wrightsmedi a.co m, Website: www.wrightsmedia.com.

Weil Im Thinking of It ... ............... 5

Sounding Board ............................ 6

Engineering Green Buildings .......... 8

News & Notes ............................. 12

INSIDE HPAC ENGINEERINGMARCH 2013 VOL. 85, NO. 3

PUBLISHING OFFICES:

The Penton Media Building1300 E. Ninth St.

Cleveland, OH 44114-1503216-696-7000

Fax: 216-696-3432www.hpac.com

e-mail: [email protected]

DAVID MILLER

Vice President,

Electrical & Mechanical Systems,

Energy & Construction

DAN ASHENDEN

Group Publisher,

Mechanical Systems/Construction

MICHAEL WEIL

Editorial Director

SCOTT ARNOLD

Executive Editor

RON RAJECKI

Senior Editor

CONNIE CONKLINArt Director

KATHRYN FINCH

Production Coordinator

SONJA CHEADLE

Audience Development Manager

ANGIE GATES

Group Digital Director

SALES OFFICES:

CALIFORNIA/TEXAS

RANDY JETER

908 Electra

Austin, TX 78734

512-263-7280

Fax: 913-514-6628e-mail: [email protected]

NORTH CENTRAL/NEW ENGLAND/SOUTHEAST

JOE DAHLHEIMER

745 Damon Drive

Medina, OH 44256

330-289-0269

Fax: 913-514-6481


MID-ATLANTIC

BILL BOYADJIS

P.O. Box 762

Morris Plains, NJ 07950

973-829-0648

Fax: 973-514-6380


WEST/SOUTHWEST

JOHN EHLEN

17340 46th Avenue N.

Plymouth, MN 55446

763-550-2971

Fax: 763-550-2977


CLASSIFIEDS/ANCILLARY

DAVID G. KENNEY

1300 E. Ninth St.

Cleveland, OH 44114-1503

216-931-9725

Fax: 913-514-6663


DAVID KIESELSTEIN

Chief Executive Officer

ON THE COVER:Most buildings are not performing to their potential . Thus, it is important to consider

retrocommissioning, as the majority of existing buildings have not undergone any type of

commissioning or quality-assurance testing. To learn more, read Why Retrocommission

Your Building? by William J. Stangeland, beginning on Page 26.

Design Solutions ......................... 16

Product Spotlight ........................ 20

Classifieds ................................. 38

Ad Index ..................................... 40

M

OA

EA

VSD

AI

RA

AIAI AIAI AIAO

AIAI AO AO

AI

M

AOAI

VSD

F

AI AO AIAI

SA

AIAI

AI

DP

DP

DP

SpaceCO2

Economizersection

Filter Supply fan

Cooling coil

Vel

Vel Chilledwater

Returnfan Space

pressure

Network

Spacetemp.
mailto:[email protected]://www.wrightsmedia.com/http://www.hpac.com/mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]://www.hpac.com/http://www.wrightsmedia.com/mailto:[email protected]

7/27/2019 HPAC - 201303

7/45

How are these HVAC/R systems different?One uses up to 30% less energy thanks toMachineStruxure solutions!Climate control systems account for as much as 41% of a buildings electrical

consumption, and your challenge as a builder of HVAC/R equipment is to findinnovative ways to build energy-efficient and cost-effective systems. Now you

can with MachineStruxure solutions.

Reduce energy consumption.

Through advanced controls technology, highly efficient variable speed drives,

and dedicated HVAC/R application function blocks, you can build systems that

are highly energy-efficient at both full and partial loads.

Get to market up to 50% faster.

With predefined tested, validated, and documented architectures and a

comprehensive software library of dedicated application function blocks, you

save valuable design time. Based on multiple, scalable control platforms and

supported by a single software suite, our solutions offer maximum flexibility and

easy integration into BMS systems.

Build a competitive advantage.

As a global supplier of complete building solutions, we can help you minimize

system costs at every stage of the life cycle. Were ready to help you, through

our worldwide network of HVAC/R control experts, with training, solution

design, delivery centers, and after-sales services.

Design more energy-efficient HVAC/R systems using

innovative, advanced, predictive control algorithms for

increased stability, better resistance to disturbance, and

lower energy consumption compared to PID regulation.

Superheatadvanced controlReduce the superheat set

point value from 46F to 41F

Floating high pressureadvanced control

Improve accuracy and eliminate

overshoots to reach the high

pressure set point

Application function blocks with embeddedadvanced control technology

+ -

HP

2013 Schneider Electric. All Rights Reserved. Schneider Electric and MachineStruxure are trademarks owned by Schneider Electric Industries SAS or its affiliated companies.All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. www.schneider-electric.com 998-6556_US

Make your systems more efficient!

Register to win a FREE HVAC Controller Kit valued

at over $1,000 - consisting of controller, graphicdisplay, programming software, and power supply.

Visitwww.SEreply.com Key Code x899v

*PYJSL
http://www.schneider-electric.com/http://www.sereply.com/http://www.sereply.com/http://www.schneider-electric.com/http://www.sereply.com/

7/27/2019 HPAC - 201303


This is somewhat of a rhetoricalquestion. I ask it because there isso much buzz over the importanceof building performance and the

need to document and certify that ourcommercial, industrial, and residentialstructures are meeting energy standardsand government regulations.

I certainly am a proponentof building performance. Ibel ieve most people in theindustry are, too. But thenthere is LEED (Leadership inEnergy and EnvironmentalDesign), the de facto green-building certification standarddeveloped by the U.S. GreenBuilding Council (USGBC). Arecent study by Turner Con-struction Co. shows a major-ity of real-estate owners, de-

velopers, and corporate owneroccupants are planning newprojects this yearboth newconstruction and renovationwith the intent of making useof environmentally sustain-able practices. Interestinglyenough, these same respon-dents are not so committed toobtaining LEED certification(ht tp:/ /bi t . ly /LessLEED ) .

In fact, the number of respondentssaying they will seek LEED certification fortheir projects has been on the decline forthree years running. This and many other

studies show the construction industryremains concerned that the cost of suchcertification is too high, with too long of apayback period. They do not show that theindustry is not committed to sustainabilityor building performance.

Many seek other types of certificationto prove their buildings meet green goals.The ENERGY STAR certification programis very popular, according to the study.

In January, HPAC Engi ne er ing pub-lished an article titled A Paler Shade of

Green by John H. Scofield (http://bit .ly/Scofield_0113). The article discusses theconstruction of the Adam Joseph LewisCenter for Environmental Studies at

Oberlin College, which was designed to bea zero-energy building in the late 1990s.The intentions were good. The bad newsis that over its first 11 years, the buildingfailed to perform at zero-energy levels.

Study of the buildings energy use ledto corrections and redesigns that resulted

in 2012 being the first calen-dar year in which the centerproduced more electric energythan it consumed. However, thefinancial sustainability of theAdam Joseph Lewis Centermodel remains unclear. Therewere many reasons for thefailure of the initial design,and the story of this seems tobe far from over.

Obviously, this is a very ex-pensive and time-consumingprocess. I do not believe theproject was LEED-certified,although it received muchnotoriety for its design and

proposed efficiency.Could the certification pro-cess have uncovered the prob-lems? Not necessarily, andtherein lies the rub.

Concerns about stated en-ergy use vs. actual energy use

in the LEED process remain, and althoughthe USGBC addressed this in the mandatedenergy-use requirement of LEED v3, itisnt retroactive, and some LEED-certifiedbuildings remain energy hogs. Version 4,

which is scheduled for review this year,may address this problem, but, right now, itremains an open question.

As an industry, I believe we have tocontinue working on ways to reduce thecost of green buildings, and part of thoseefforts should be focused on the cost ofachieving certification.

I also believe it doesnt end there. Asimportant as certification is, it meansnothing if measurement and testing arentperformed on a regular basis to prove that

a building is operating at design levels.Is certification necessary? Yes.But building performance does not begin

and end with that certification.

EDITORIALADVISORY BOARD:

William G. AckerAcker & Associates

William P. Bahnfleth, PhD, PEThe Pennsylvania State University

Don Beaty, PE, FASHRAEDLB Associates Consulting Engineers

Edward H. Brzezowski, PE, LEED APNoveda Technologies Inc.

wrence (Larry) Clark, LEED AP O+Mustainable Performance Solutions LLC

William J. Coad, PE, FASHRAECoad Engineering Enterprises

eter C. DAntonio, PE, CEM, LEED APPCD Engineering Services Inc.

Kenneth M. Elovitz, PE, Esq.Energy Economics Inc.

Ben Erpelding, PE, CEMOptimum Energy LLC

Kenneth E. Gill, PEIntegrated Design Group Inc.

Alfred E. Guntermann, PE, FASHRAEGuntermann Engineering LLC

Thomas Hartman, PEThe Hartman Co.

Asif Kadiani, PE, CEMHanson Professional Services Inc.

John H. Klote, PE, DSc

Valentine A. Lehr, PE, FASHRAELehr Consultants International

John J. Lembo, LEED APThe Ferreira Group

Mark S. Lentz, PELentz Engineering Associates Inc.

Dave Moser, PE, CPMPPECI

Joel N. Orr, PhDOrr Associates International

J. Jay Santos, PEFacility Dynamics Engineering

Glenn M. Showers, PEBBS Engineering, a GAI company

Andrew J. Streifel, MPH

University of Minnesota

Robert W. Tinsley, PE, CFPS, CIAQPP2RS Group

James P. Waltz, PE, CEM, ACFEEnergy Resource Associates Inc.

Gary W. Wamsley, PE, CEMJoGar Energy Services

Dennis J. Wessel, PE, LEED APKarpinski Engineering

Michael K. West, PhD, PEAdvantek Consulting

Ron Wilkinson, PE, LEED APe4 inc.

Gerald J. Williams, PE, LEED AP8760 Engineering LLC

James A. Wise, PhDEco-Integrations Inc.

Is Building Certification Really Necessary?

WEIL IM THINKING OF IT ...BY MICHAEL S. WEIL, EDITORIAL DIRECTOR

Building

performance

does notbegin and

end with

certification.
http://bit.ly/LessLEEDhttp://bit.ly/LessLEEDhttp://bit.ly/LessLEEDhttp://bit.ly/Scofield_0113http://bit.ly/Scofield_0113http://bit.ly/Scofield_0113http://bit.ly/Scofield_0113http://bit.ly/Scofield_0113http://bit.ly/Scofield_0113http://bit.ly/LessLEED

7/27/2019 HPAC - 201303

9/45

7KH&RPEXVWLRQ&RQWURO6SHFLDOLVWV

0DQFKHVWHU5RDG'HUU\1+86$

)D[

ZZZUH\HFRP

)LUH\H,QF)LUH\HLVSDUWRI87&&OLPDWH&RQWUROV6HFXULW\$OOULJKWVUHVHUYHG

Efficiency Solutions with

)LUH\HV1(;86FRPEXVWLRQHIFLHQF\V\VWHPVFDQUHGXFHIXHOFRVWVEHWZHHQDQG

$V1(;86V\VWHPVORZHU\RXUIXHOELOOWKH\DOVRUHGXFHJUHHQKRXVHJDVHPLVVLRQV

6DYLQJ\RXPRQH\DQGUHGXFLQJHPLVVLRQVWKDWVEXUQHUHIFLHQF\ZLWK)LUH\H1(;86

YHUVXVPHFKDQLFDO

OLQNDJHFRQWUROV\VWHPV

23UREH

9)''ULYHV

6HUYRV

A Paler Shade of GreenJohn H. Scofields analysis of the

performance of the Adam JosephLewis Center for EnvironmentalStudies at Oberlin College (A PalerShade of Green, January 2013,

ht tp :/ /b it .l y/Scof ie ld_0113) was abreath of fresh air. It is rare amongarticles on green or LEED buildingsor those purporting to be zero netenergy not to find long paragraphsof optimistic but unsubstantiatedblather about how environmentalthe construction is or how themagical ground-water geothermalheat pumps will heat and cool thebuilding for practically nothing. Butfew articles are written to provide acandid assessment of the buildingsactual performance and failings.

The Scofield article points outthe hard truth that it is very difficultto construct a high-performancecommercial building. We can infer

that design firms too often turn outdrawings for projects that do notcome close to meeting vaunteddesign objectives or public-relationshype. Because few buildings arerigorously monitored after construc-tion, wild claims of high performanceare generally accepted at face valueby the public. One suspects design-ers may feel no qualms about makinggrossly optimistic pronouncementsknowing there will be nobody check-ing. In the worst cases of buildingdesign failure, a more likely expla-nation is that the designers took onwork beyond their competence.

Candid post-occupancy articlessuch as Professor Scofields providea painful but extremely valuableservice to the engineering andarchitectural professions.

While the Scofield article is richwith insight on some of the reasonsthe building did not perform as well

as advertised, more details on thebuilding envelope would have been

very welcome.Carl Mezoff, PE, architect

Stamford, Conn.

Very instructive. One of the besthigh-performance-building casestudies I have read. Neither theengineers nor Oberlin are to beblamed for their courage in funding,designing, and constructing such anadvanced building. However, onlythe full disclosure of actual perfor-mance will lead the way to futureimprovement. Even though thebuilding falls short of (its zero-energygoal), I assume it uses far less energythan a conventional code building.

Ron Wilkinson

Via the Internet

6 HPAC ENGINEERING MARCH 2013

Circle 154

SOUNDING BOARDEDITED BY SCOTT ARNOLD, EXECUTIVE EDITOR
http://www.fireye.com/http://bit.ly/Scofield_0113http://bit.ly/Scofield_0113http://www.fireye.com/mailto:[email protected]://bit.ly/Scofield_0113

7/27/2019 HPAC - 201303

10/45

)URPUHGXFLQJJUHHQKRXVHJDVHPLVVLRQVDQGHQHUJ\

FRVWVWRDFKLHYLQJ/(('FHUWLILFDWLRQRUPHHWLQJ86

(1(5*

7/27/2019 HPAC - 201303

11/45

While assisting with the commissioningof a biosafety level 3 laboratory for ag-ricultural hazards, I was asked by theproject manager to investigate why the

two 100-percent-redundant, HEPA-filtered, high-veloc-ity exhaust fans serving the space were not performingas designed. Troubleshooting the systemled to a substantial learning experience.

Normal operating mode had thetwo fansoperating in parallel. In the event of a fanfailure, the remaining fan would ramp upto maintain the field-adjustable (FA) ex-haust static-pressure setpoint of 2.95 in.wc. To ensure critical room-pressure dif-ferentials in the space were maintained,this pressure setpoint was achieved withboth fans running at 48.6 Hz variable-fre-quency-drive (VFD) speed. During an ini-tial fan-failure test, with one fan stoppedand its associated isolation dampersclosed, the remaining fan ramped up to60 Hz, but could achieve static pressure ofonly 1.45 in. wc.

During the transition from two redun-dant to one single operating fan, criticalroom differential pressure was being lost.Although some of the pressure-indepen-dent, constant-volume boxes achieved de-sign flow in the space and began throttling,several did not and were 100-percent open. In the timebetween a single fan failing and closing its isolationdamper and the redundant fan ramping up to meet load,the air terminals opened up, looking for more flow. Theboxes on the shortest (lowest pressure drop) brancheswere able to achieve flow and begin throttling, but the

boxes on more distant (higher pressure drop) brancheswere starvedand the static-pressure setpoint wasnever reached on one fan.

As I traversed the clean side of the ductwork up tothe HEPA-filter caisson to create a static-pressure profileof the system, I looked for significant losses that could becorrected. I did not continue the profile on the dirtyside of the HEPA filters, as this would call for drilling intofully welded stainless-steel ductwork.

The HEPA caisson had three distinct filter banks withdecontamination ports and bubble-tight dampers up-stream and downstream of each filter to allow for de-

contamination in place prior to filter removal. Through

a systematic series of measurements, I determined oneof the bubble-tight HEPA-filter isolation dampers wasclosed. The indicator on the manual operator was in-stalled incorrectly, showing open when the damperwas closed. This effectively closed off one-third of theHEPA-filter free area and added significant pressure

drop across the remaining filters. By in-creasing the flow to 150 percent of designon the remaining filters, the pressure dropmore than doubled.

With the indicator fixed and HEPA-filter-bank isolation damper open, the failure-mode test was repeated. A single installedfan running alone still could not maintainstatic-pressure setpoint in the space, but itdid show improvement, and we were ableto hold 1.80 in. wc, while all air terminalsbegan to throttle, the worst of which was95-percent open. Critical room airflowsand differential pressures were maintainedto guarantee containment in the space. Jobdone, right?

Wrong. Now we had a system that was

just barely functioning with clean HEPAfilters while maintaining an exhaust-fanstatic setpoint of 2.95 in. wc. How werewe going to ensure the system was ro-bust enough after including the additional1.0-in.-wc pressure drop with dirty filters?

Where could we find an additional 1 in. wc of pressurefrom this system to make the current installation workwithout significant change orders or schedule delays?

While studying the building-automation system, Inoticed while maintaining 2.95-in.-wc setpoint at theexhaust main, the worst-case terminal box was control-


ENGINEERING GREEN BUILDINGSBY KEVIN KOSS, PE, LEED AP; ACS; MADISON, WIS.

Commissioning Uncovers Opportunity for Energy Savings

As

commissioning

agents, we

are ethical

professionals,

and our clients

deserve the

attention

required to

fine-tune their

systems vs. ussimply kicking

the tires.

Kevin Koss, PE, LEED AP, is a mechanical engineer with

ACS, a company specializing in the integration of equipment

and building systems in technically complex test environ-

ments. His responsibil ities include HVAC and mechanical

design and estimating, project engineer-

ing, and commissioning. He has a bach-

elors degree in mechanical engineering

from the University of Wisconsin-Platte-

ville and more than 19 years of industry ex-

perience, including hands-on maintenance

and management as a mechanic in the U.S.

Army Reserves.

Seek out artificial inefficiencies in HVAC systems, and it is likely you will find them
http://www.hpac.com/

7/27/2019 HPAC - 201303

12/45

7KHVWUDLJKWZD\WRHQHUJ\HIFLHQF\

LVDOOLQWKHGHWDLOV

7UXVW6\VWHPDLUDVWKHZRUOGVZLGHVWDVVRUWPHQWRIYHQWLODWRUVGULYHQE\FXWWLQJHGJH(&WHFKQRORJ\

2XULQWHOOLJHQW\HWHDV\WRLQVWDOO(&IDQVROXWLRQVDUHSHUIHFWIRUQHZEXLOGLQJVDVZHOODVUHQRYDWLRQ

SURMHFWV

SFP

6\VWHPDLU,QFZZZV\VWHPDLUQHW

7RSYH[75

$LUKDQGOLQJXQLW

,QWHJUDOHOHFWURQLFFRQWUROPDNHVVXUHWKDWWKHPRWRUDOZD\VRSHUDWHV

DWLWVRSWLPDOZRUNLQJSRLQW%HVLGHVEHLQJERWKHQHUJ\HIFLHQW

DQGHQYLURQPHQWDOO\IULHQGO\RXU(&XQLWVHQVXUHTXLHWH[LEOHDQG

GHSHQGDEOHRSHUDWLRQV(QHUJ\HIFLHQWZKHHOVDQGQRQUHVLVWDQFH

LPSHOOHUVUHVXOWLQORZ6)36SHFLF)DQ3RZHUYDOXHVZKLFK

TXDQWLI\WKHHOHFWULFSRZHUWKDWLVQHHGHGWRGULYHDXQLWVIDQ

UHODWLYHWRWKHFLUFXODWLQJDLUYROXPH

6\VWHPDLULVFRPPLWWHGWRSURYLGHHIFLHQWYHQWLODWLRQ

SURGXFWVIRUDFRPIRUWDEOHFOLPDWHZLWKUHDOHQHUJ\VDYLQJV

7KHGLIIHUHQFHLVDOOLQWKHGHWDLOV

*PYJSL
http://www.systemair.net/http://www.systemair.net/http://www.systemair.net/

7/27/2019 HPAC - 201303

13/45

312-738-3800

Revit...Revit

CAD drawingsonline

7KH0HWUDH[&RPSDQ\

,WZHHEOHV

,WZREEOHV

New Seismic Gatorinline jointMoves 4 inches in all direc-

tions. Protects piping crossing

the buildings seismic joint.Lean, inline profile fits where

other seismic joints cant.

Learn more at

Metraflex.com/SeismicGator

4 inchesmovement inall directions


ling to only 40-percent open, and allothers serving the space were lessopen. Because they were pressure-independent, constant-flow boxes,I began to manipulate the staticsetpoint. Simultaneously watchingall the boxes serving the space as I

very slowly lowered the setpoint, Iwatched until at least one box was75-percent open to ensure the airterminals were still in a control-lable range. This allowed for mynew static-pressure setpoint to be2.0 in. wc. I found enough addi-tional static to compensate for thedirty filters, with little more costinvested than a couple hours oftime.

In my quest for the system toachieve the static-pressure setpointand provide stable flow for the ex-haust system while operating onefan, I contacted the fan, motor, andVFD manufacturers. Getting allof their blessings, I increased the100-percent VFD maximum speedto 66 Hz. This allowed for the same

exhaust static setpoint of 2.0 in. wcto be reached, regardless of whetherone or two fans were operating.

Analyze the System,Not the Components

The m o s t i m po r t a n t l e s s o nlearned from this troubleshootingexercise is that, many times, the en-gineer of record will enter a con-servative static- pressure setpointbased on the engineering calcula-

tion of the system design (2.95 in.wc FA in this case). The FA optionrarely is exercised on a system thatfunctions per design intent. I neverwould have thought twice about it ifthis system passed the fan-failure-mode functional-performance test.

As commissioning agents, wework closely with test-and-balanceand controls contractors, ensuring afully functioning building system isdelivered to the client. We are ethi-

cal professionals, and our clientsdeserve the attention required tofine-tune their systems vs. us simplykicking the tires.

According to the fan laws:

(2.00 in. 2.95 in.) 48.6 Hz = 40 Hz

which is the new exhaust-fanspeed to maintain set point.

(40 Hz 48.6 Hz)3 = 55.8 percent

which is the reduction in powerconsumption required to maintainthe new lower setpoint.

We started at a reasonable 10-hpoperating point; we are now oper-ating at 5.6 hp. That is a 4.4-hp sav-ings, or 3.3 kw, which is nearly 28,900kwh per year.

Based on the local electrical rates,this subtle and unnoticed setpointmanipulation from 2.95 in. to 2.00in. saved this client more than $2,500per year in electrical utility costs ona system that runs 24/7 because thefans no longer must maintain an ar-bitrarily high static setpoint.

This was one air system in a build-ing with five air handlers and eight ex-haust fans, with hot-water and chilled-water pumps and piping. I estimatean additional $10,000 per year couldbe saved if the same investigation wascompleted on all systems. That maynot be significant to a building thatconsumes $25,000 per month in elec-tricity, but it is real dollars and realsavings in resource consumption andcarbon-dioxide production. The pay-back period for this exercise was onlya couple of months and has a return on

investment that will carry forward.Take a close look at balancingvalves and dampers, circuit setters,and control valves and dampers as awhole system, and look for inefficien-cies. Are you maintaining artificiallyhigh setpoints on the HVAC project

you are working on right now? Areyou operating with the least amountof acceptable pressure drop acrossthe fans and pumps? Are there ar-tificial inefficiencies that could be

removed with little effort to makethe system perform better, more ef-ficiently, and more cost-effectivelythan it does today?

Circle 157

ENGINEERING GREEN BUILDINGS
http://metraflex.com/SeismicGatorhttp://metraflex.com/SeismicGator

7/27/2019 HPAC - 201303

14/45

*PYJSL
http://www.youtube.com/honeywellAnalyticshttp://www.linkedin.com/company/honeywell-analyticshttp://www.twitter.com/honeywellGashttp://www.iaqpoint2.com/

7/27/2019 HPAC - 201303

15/45

Trane made a triumphant returnto the International Air-Con-ditioning, Heating, Refrigerat-

ing Exposition (AHR Expo) in 2013,celebrating its 100-year anniversarywith one of the largest, most talkedabout, and most visited booths at theevent, held Jan. 28-30 in Dallas.

The company, which last exhib-ited at the AHR Expo approximately15 years ago, highlighted seven

new solutions for the health-care,education, hospitality, retail, com-mercial, industrial, and data-centermarkets:

The Advantage VRF variablerefrigerant system, which closelymatches energy use to demand,providing heating and cooling toonly the areas of a building in needof it.

Intelligent variable-air systems,which are said to be 20 to 30

percent more energy-efficient thantraditional variable-air-volume(VAV) systems.

IntelliPak I packaged rooftop

units, which provide static-efficiencyimprovements of 15 to 20 percentcompared with tradit ional fantechnologies and, when coupledwith higher-efficiency refrigeration-system components and systemcontrol strategies, can achievebuilding energy savings of up to22 percent.

The Series S CenTraVac chillerfeaturing AdaptiSpeed technol-

ogy for replacement and retrofitapplications. Axiom variable-speed water-

source heat pumps, now availablein horizontal configurations.

Wireless Comm, said to be theindustrys first control system to runBACnet protocol on top of ZigBeeBuilding Automation standards andto be ZigBee-certified.

High-efficiency terminal deviceswith electrically commutated motors

and single-zone VAV capability.For more highlights from Tranes2013 AHR Expo exhibit, visit www.trane.com/ahr-2013/.


FROM THE FIELD NEWS & NOTESEDITED BY SCOTT ARNOLD, EXECUTIVE EDITOR

Trane Celebrates 100 Yearsin Return to the AHR Expo

EnVisioneer Entries Sought

Danfoss, manufacturer of high-

efficiency electronic and

mechanical components and

controls for air-conditioning,

heating, refrigeration, and motion

systems, is accepting entries for

its annual EnVisioneer of the Year

award competition.

The competition recognizes

U.S. end users, municipalities,

building owners, and original-

equipment manufacturers who

introduced a new product, opened

a new facility, or invested in a

building or system upgrade using

Danfoss products or solutions,

realizing significant energy and/or

environmental savings, during the

last 18 months.

A panel of judges representing

different disciplines in the fields

of industry, water, and HVACR

will review all applications and

select the winner, with Danfoss

making a donation to charity inthe winners honor.

Previous recipients of the

award are Smardt Chiller Group

Inc. (2012), Multistack LLC

(2011), and Mars Supermarkets

(2010).

Entries are due no later than

July 1, 2013. For more

information, visit http://bit.ly/

EnVisioneer_award, or contact

Lisa Tryson, director of corporate

communications and publicrelations, at LisaTryson@danfoss

.com or 410-513-1142.

Design-Build Hotline Started

The Design-Build Institute of

America (DBIA) recently

established a hotline for public

agencies and private owners

using or considering design-build,

an approach to project delivery

combining design and

construction services under onecontract, with a single point of

IN BRIEF

Continued on Page 15

In recognition of Tranes 100-year anniversary, visitors to the companys booth at the 2013

AHR Expo in Dallas signed a wall of congratulations.

COURTESY

OFTRANE
http://www.trane.com/ahr-2013/http://www.trane.com/ahr-2013/http://www.trane.com/ahr-2013/http://www.trane.com/ahr-2013/http://bit.ly/EnVisioneer_awardhttp://bit.ly/EnVisioneer_awardhttp://bit.ly/EnVisioneer_awardhttp://bit.ly/EnVisioneer_awardmailto:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]://www.trane.com/ahr-2013/mailto:[email protected]://bit.ly/EnVisioneer_award

7/27/2019 HPAC - 201303

16/45

Faster and easier:Flexible, quick, and cost-effective deployment since unit used zero white

space with the data center.

Right-sized:The pre-engineered 50kW modulesthat fit into two frame sizes can be scaled to

200 kw - 400 kw increments of capacity and

redundancy requirements as needed, lowering

both CapEx and OpEx.

Energy-efficient:Automatically switches between

air-to -air and indirect evaporative heat exchangefor the most efficient cooling. A supplemental DX

circuit on board gives additional peace-of-mind

reliability.

Two economizer modes: Indirect evaporativecooling and air-to-air heat exchange in the same

module enable more economization opportunities.

Business-wise, Future-driven.

Make the most of your energySM

Only Schneider Electric EcoBreeze

maximizes year-round economization.

Data center cooling just got simpler,faster and more efficient.

FlexibleFlexible, fast, and cost-effective deploymentto meet cooling needstoday and tomorrow.

ScalableThe pre-engineeredmodules can be scaled tocapacity and redundancyrequirements as needed.

AdaptableAbility to address any coolingrequirement worldwide viamultiple modules and framevoltages/frequencies.

EasyFaster and easier installationbecause of a single point ofconnection for power.

> Executivesummary

EconomizerModes ofDataCenter cooling Systems

White Paper 132

2013 Schneider Electric. All Rights Reserved. Schneider Electric, APC, InfraStruxure, EcoBreeze, Make the most of your energy, and Business-wise, Future-driven are trademarks owned by

Schneider Electric Industries SAS or its affiliated companies. "MMPUIFSUSBEFNBSLTBSFQSPQFSUZPGUIFJSSFTQFDUJWFPXOFSTtXXXTDIOFJEFSFMFDUSJDDPNt 998-4895_GMA-US_Nexus

Economize with economizer modes!Maximize savings after reading EconomizerModes of Data Center Cooling Systems andenter towin a Google Nexus 10!

Data centers face unprecedented cooling challenges brought on by high-

density computing, dynamic temperature profiles, regulatory requirements

related to efficiency, and uncertain long-term plans for capacity or density.

Today, Schneider Electric has the innovative answer to meeting these

and other cooling challenges.

Introducing Schneider Electric EcoBreeze

EcoBreeze is the industrys only economizer with two economization

modes in one footprint. Specifically, it automatically can switch back and

forth between air-to-air heat exchange and indirect evaporative cooling

to maximize local climate conditions at all times. As a result, it uniquely

ensures the most efficient and effective form of cooling year round.

In addition, the innovative cooling solution boasts a modular design for

capacity, redundancy, and service flexibility. Whats more, scalable 50kW modules make right-sized cooling possible, allowing data center

operators to match cooling capacity to actual cooling needs. And

EcoBreeze is much faster and easier to deploy than traditional data

center cooling infrastructure.

Efficient, scalable, and flexible, EcoBreeze enables

Business-wise, Future-driven data centers.

Visitwww.SEreply.comKey Code x957vCall 888-289-2722 x7345*PYJSL
http://www.schneider-electric.com/http://www.schneider-electric.com/http://www.schneider-electric.com/http://www.schneider-electric.com/http://www.schneider-electric.com/http://www.schneider-electric.com/http://www.schneider-electric.com/http://www.schneider-electric.com/http://www.schneider-electric.com/http://www.schneider-electric.com/http://www.schneider-electric.com/http://www.schneider-electric.com/http://www.schneider-electric.com/http://www.sereply.com/http://www.sereply.com/http://www.sereply.com/http://www.schneider-electric.com/http://www.sereply.com/

7/27/2019 HPAC - 201303

17/45

With an international standing that has attracted more then 4,500 membersand 65 chapters around the world, the Society of Fire Protection EngineersSFPE) advances the science and practice of fire protection engineering world-wide. Our strength and the future of the industry rely on the innovative think-ng and active participation of professional fire protection engineers just likeyou. And, our members realize benefits they cant get anywhere else

Gain the credibility you need to advance your career.

Build life-long alliances and share ideas and solutions with more than4,500 industry peers and 65 local chapters through SFPEs manynetworking opportunities throughout the year.

Stay up to date on new developments (and new opportunities) throughSFPEs monthly e-newsletter, web site postings, blog, and job board.

Sharpen your expertise on technical topics through the quarterly peer re-viewed Journal of Fire Protection Engineering, Fire Protection Engineering

Magazine, design guides, and other publicationsas well as continuingeducation programs, symposia, and distance learning.

Access smart opportunities and enjoy discounts on publications, educa-tional events, and professional liability and group insurance programs.

Shape the future of fire protection engineering by contributingyour time and expertise as a volunteer.

TYes! I would like to advance my career and help shape the future of fire protection engineering. Sign me up for a year of SFPE member benefits. I

understand that the $215 annual membership fee entitles me to all of the benefits described above.

TI am not an engineer, but I would like to build alliances with the industry. Enroll me in the SFPE Allied Professional Group. Annual dues are $107.50.

Complimentary memberships are available to engineering students and recent graduates. Visitwww.sfpe.org/membership/join for application details.

Method of Payment

TEnclosed is my check made payable to SFPE.

Please charge my TAmerican Express TMasterCard TVisaCredit card number: Expiration Date:

Signature:

Print Full Name:

Address:

City/Town:

State/Province:

Postal Code:Country:

Referred by:

Invest in your career

Join the Society of Fire Protection Engineers

Company:

Phone Number:

E-mail:

SFPE Membership Application

Enjoy full benefits as an Affiliate Member just as soon as we receive

your payment. Your welcome packet will include a detailed ap-plication for upgraded membership as an Associate or ProfessionalMember, which is based on educational and practice accomplish-ments and entitles you to a certificate and special recognition.

MAIL to SFPE at 7315 Wisconsin Avenue, Suite 620E, Bethesda, MD 20814 or FAX to (301) 718-2242or email Sean Kelleher at [email protected]

www.sfpe.org

*PYJSL
http://www.sfpe.org/membership/joinmailto:[email protected]://www.sfpe.org/http://www.sfpe.org/membership/joinmailto:[email protected]://www.sfpe.org/

7/27/2019 HPAC - 201303

18/45

7KH1(:6HULHV

ZLWK6DIHW\+DOR7HFKQRORJ\

*UHDWHU9LVLELOLW\(DV\WR8QGHUVWDQG)OH[LEOH'HVLJQ

7ULDWHNVODWHVWVHULHVRIFRQWUROOHUV

DQGPRQLWRUVIRUIXPHKRRGVDQG

URRPVDUHWKHPRVWLQWXLWLYHLQWKH

LQGXVWU\DQGQRZDUHDOVRWKHPRVW

YLVLEOH3DWHQWSHQGLQJ6$)(7

7/27/2019 HPAC - 201303

19/45

The MuseumHouse is a center-piece of luxury living locatedon Torontos prestigious Bloor

Street West. The 19-story buildinghas 27 luxury condominiums. At $2million to $12 million apiece, eachcondo offers residents a stunningpanoramic view of the city, a privateelevator, a grand terrace, and spar-kling glass walls. Until recently, eachcondo also featured excessively leakyductwork: in some cases, 300 cfm ofleakage per unit.

To pass its performance audit andmeet air-handling specifications,

Yorkville Corp., the owners of thisnewly constructed high-rise build-ing, were faced with the prospect oftearing down interior drywall andmanually sealing each of the build-ings 25 duct systems. Instead, theowners enlisted the help of JW Dan-forth, a residential and commercialHVAC contracting company based

in Tonawanda, N.Y., and the areasexperts on Aeroseal duct-sealingtechnology. Aeroseal was used toquickly seal the leaky ducts and getthe HVAC system working to speci-fication, with no costly renovationrequired.

Aeroseal was developed at Law-rence Berkeley National Laboratoryin 1994. It is the only duct-sealanttechnology that is applied from theinside of the duct system. It is deliv-ered as a non-toxic aerosol mist thatseeks out and plugs leaks. The De-partment of Energy named Aerosealtechnology one of the top 23 mostimportant energy-conservation tech-nologies to be introduced since thedepartment was established.

To prepare for the Aeroseal pro-cess, furniture, artwork, and other

valuables in the occupied apartmentswere covered in plastic, and filtrationfans were set up to catch any errantsealant particles, minimizing cleanuprequirements. Then, the Aerosealsealant was sprayed throughout theinside of the ductwork. The averagetime required to seal an apartment,including cleanup, was one day. Theaverage results: 90 percent of ductleakage was eliminated, with air lossin the leakiest units reduced from 300

cfm to 6.5 cfm.Aeroseal was the only viable op-tion, David Hart, project manager,

Yorkville Construction, said. Ouronly other alternative was to teardown the walls inside each apart-ment and seal the individual duct sys-tems manually. From a purely mone-tary standpoint, this approach savedus hundreds of thousands of dollarsin renovation costs.

Even if we were able to access the

ductwork to manually seal the leaks,the design of the building itself wouldhave made the work impossible,Ken Kwasniak, service operations

manager, JW Danforth, said. Thespace between the duct system andthe surrounding structures left noroom to apply sealant on all sides ofeach joint. The unique supply grillesleft little space to reach the leaks typi-cally found there as well. By sealing

from inside the ductwork, Aerosealmade us heroes. It allowed us to ac-cess all the leaks while leaving thewalls and all the beautiful detailingintact.

Aeroseal saved The Museum-House thousands of dollars in projectcosts while proving minimally dis-

ruptive to its residents, Neal Walsh,vice president, Aeroseal LLC, said.It allowed the building engineersto easily get the HVAC system wellunder legal specifications and willsave the condo owners hundreds ofdollars each year in utility costs.

Information and photographs courtesy

of Aeroseal.

Circle 100


FROM THE FIELD DESIGN SOLUTIONSEDITED BY RON RAJECKI, SENIOR EDITOR

Duct-Sealing Technology EliminatesLeaks at Ultraluxurious Condominiums

Internal sealing process reduces leakage by 90 percent

The Aeroseal system being put into in place

in a unit at the MuseumHouse.

Technicians monitor the Aeroseal duct-sealing

process in a unit at the MuseumHouse.
mailto:[email protected]

7/27/2019 HPAC - 201303

20/45

7!2.).'U5+0)37#6*'4/2+2'&1'5016 )+8' ;17 572'4*'41 219'45X '8'0

6*17)*;17/#;(''..+-'+6T1016#66'/26

61(.;14561264#+05T'4+175.;T

1064#%6145 9#06 # (#56'4X /14' #((14$.'2+2+0)126+10T7+.&+0)190'459#0651/'6*+0)

6*#6 9106 .'#- 14 0''& 61 $' 4'2.#%'&T 0&

6*15' )7;5 9#06 ;17 61 (+0& )4''0'4

51.76+105T +6* 37#6*'4/5 '0)+0''4'&

21.;2412;.'0' 2+2'5X ;17 %#0 &1 #.. 6*#6

#0& /14'T 106#%6 75 019 61 .'#40 /14'

#$176 6*' $'56 5+&'-+%- ;17.. '8'4 *#8'T

'4'5;174%*#0%'61$''8'4;10'5*'41T

BRVBUIFSNLNETLNITJJIK999T#37#6*'4/T%1/ %*#0)'9*#652155+$.'

*PYJSL
http://www.aquatherm.com/http://www.aquatherm.com/

7/27/2019 HPAC - 201303

21/45

One might not expect moldproblems in the arid Arizonaclimate, but from mid-July

through September, the city of Yumaexperiences monsoon season.Over the years, serious mold issuesdeveloped in both buildings on the

Yu ma Hi gh Schoo l camp us : Ol dMain, a three-story, 30,000-sq-ftfacility built in 1910, and SniderHall , a two-story, 20,000-sq-ftfacility built in 1921. Two-pipe fan-coil units installed in each classroomwere not sized to handle increasedhumidity. Additionally, the buildingswere designed to provide only 5 cfmof outdoor air per person, even lessof which was delivered becauseoutdoor-air dampers often wereclosed. The lack of venti lat ionresulted in carbon-dioxide (CO2)levels of 2,000 to 6,000 ppm.

After spending millions of dollarscleaning up the mold, Yuma SchoolDistrict decided to invest in a morereliable, economical HVAC system.The new system was designed notonly to keep the mold problemsfrom reoccurring, but to comply withthe 15-cfm-per-person outdoor-air

requirement of ANSI/ASHRAE Stan-dard 62.1, Ventilation for Acceptable

Indoor Air Quality.

The SolutionJohn Sternitzke of Sternco Engi-

neers determined a dedicated out-door-air system with energy recov-

ery would be the most economicalsolution.

The ventilation system at YumaHigh School util izes GreenheckModel ERCH, which combines thebenefits of a total enthalpy wheel

with supplemental cooling andheating. Seven ERCH units

with chilled-water cool-

ing and hot-water heat-ing were ins ta l l ed .One ERCH unit perfloor supplies ventila-

tion air at 65F and35-percent RH tothe return side of thefan-coil units in eachclassroom. Exhaustair is pulled from thecorridors and routed

back to the ERCH unit.

The ERCH units elim-inated the need for the fan-coil units to handle the latent load ofoutdoor air. Also, because the ERCH

units handle the entire outdoor-airload, outdoor-air volume was able tobe increased to meet current venti-lation standards without additionalcooling equipment.

ResultsMore than a year after the ERCH

units were installed, tests for moldwere negative.

Our indoor-air quality has im-proved, especially the humidity,Dave Folsom, director of mainte-nance for Yuma School District,

said, adding, CO2 levels have beenreduced to 1,200 ppm or less, while,Math and science scores have

jumped.With the ERCH units, Sternitzke

was able to specify a semi-customenergy-recovery unit that satisfiedthe needs of the school district whilestaying within budget. Additionally,

he knows the district has a top-per-forming ventilation system: The en-ergy wheel is certified per ARI 1060,

Rating Air-to-Air Energy Recovery

Ventilation Heat Exchangers, whilethe entire unit is Air Movement andControl Association International-licensed for air performance.

Information and images courtesy of

Greenheck Fan Corp.

Circle 101


FROM THE FIELD DESIGN SOLUTIONSEDITED BY SCOTT ARNOLD, EXECUTIVE EDITOR

Dedicated Outdoor Air, Energy RecoveryRise to Schools Ventilation Challenge

System prevents recurrence of serious mold issues

The Model ERCH energy-recovery ventilator.

Yuma High School, one of the oldest schools in Arizona, has a student body of 3,000.
mailto:[email protected]

7/27/2019 HPAC - 201303

22/45

DEHWWHUZD\WRGHVLJQ+9$&VWHDPV\VWHPV

6WHDP'HVLJQ3URIURP6SLUD[6DUFR,QFLV\RXUVROXWLRQ6WHDP'HVLJQ3URKDVEHHQ

FUHDWHGDVDYLVXDOGHVLJQWRROIRUHQJLQHHULQJDQGPRGHOLQJ+9$&VWHDPV\VWHPV

7/27/2019 HPAC - 201303

23/45

1 888-570-DUCT

[email protected]

2013 Armacell LLC. Made in USA. MICROBAN is a registered trademark of Microban Products Company. The GREENGUARDIndoor Air Quality Certified Mark i s a registered certification mark used under license through the GREENGUARD Environmental Institute.

AP Armaflex duct liners and wraps provide the all-in-one solution

for ducts. The closed-cell structure of AP Armaflex flexible elastomeric

foam makes it an efficient thermal insulation with excellent sound absorption

at critical low frequencies. The fiber-free construction and built-in Microban

antimicrobial protection ensure high indoor air quality. AP Armaflex is the

standard in performance and efficiency. Specify it. Trust it.

www.armacell.us

SPECIFYPROTECTIONFIBER-FREE FOR IMPROVED IAQ

FROM THE FIELD PRODUCT SPOTLIGHTEDITED BY RON RAJECKI, SENIOR EDITOR

Variable-speed-compressoroptionRN Series pack-

aged roof top

units are avail-

able in capacities of 55 to 140 tons.

Variable-speed, direct-drive, backward-

curved plenum fans provide quiet,

energy-efficient airflow at all static-

pressure conditions. The addition of

variable-frequency-drive-controlled vari-

able-speed compressors results in unit

efficiencies of up to 16 IEER.AAON

Circle 1

Energy-recovery-wheel optionAn energy-recovery wheel that recov-

ers approximately 75

percent of energy from

an exhaust-air stream

is available for Rebel

rooftop units. Rebel

units without energy recovery achieve

integrated energy-efficiency ratios as

high as 20.6; the energy-recovery op-

tion allows for even greater efficien-

cies, especially for applications requir-

ing large amounts of ventilation air.

Daikin-McQuay Circle 2

Expanded capacity rangeThe Atherion commercial packaged

ventilation system now has a capacity

range of 7.5 to 30 tons

with the addition of

a B-cabinet model.

Atherion units offer

optional high-efficiency

gas heating and MERV 16 filtra-

tion.Modine Circle 3

High-efficiency package unitsAvailable in 7.5-, 10-, 15- and 20-ton

sizes, the Prestige Series of commer-

cial package units features MicroChan-

nel coil technology, which uses up to

50-percent less re-

frigerant than conven-

tional coils. Some models

include variable-frequency-drive sup -

ply fans, which save energy by reduc-

ing airflow by 50 percent during first-

stage cooling and fan-only operation.

Rheem Circle 4

Forty-ton scroll compressorDesigned for rooftop units and chillers

that use R-410A refrigerant, the SH485

scroll compressor features an interme-

diate discharge valve that adapts to

varying loads and ambient conditions,

optimizing a system

throughout the year.

As a result, the

SH485 offers up to

24-percent higher

part-load efficiency in manifold configura-

tions compared with other compressors.

Danfoss Circle 5


Circle 164

Rooftop Units
mailto:[email protected]://www.armacell.us/http://www.armacell.us/mailto:[email protected]

7/27/2019 HPAC - 201303

24/45

When you start with the premise that the absolute

best option is the only option, its not surprising when

you end up with a amily o highly innovative, high-

perormance products. At Rinnai, were proud to oer

a wide array o versatile, gas-powered solutions to

meet the most demanding water and home-heating

needs o homeowners and businesses alike. From our

precisely engineered Tankless Water Heaters to our

high-efciency Boilers and Direct Vent Wall Furnaces,you can count on Rinnai to deliver endless comort,

true reliability and unparalleled support.

Let us help you find the right solutions for your next

project atrinnai.us

;HURSLZZ>H[LY/LH[LY )VPSLY

+PYLJ[=LU[>HSS-\YUHJL

9

7/27/2019 HPAC - 201303

25/4522 HPAC ENGINEERING MARCH 2013

EDITED BY RON RAJECKI, SENIOR EDITOR

2013 AHR Expo Product Review

Potable-water pipingThe Greenpipe recyclable pol ypropylene-random (PP-R)

piping system or potable-water applications is now avail-

able in diameters o up to 18 in. The 18-

in. Greenpipe eatures a standard-dimen-

sion-ratio-11 (SDR 11) wall thickness and is

capable o delivering 4,000 to 6,000 gpm.

The pipes natural R-value o 1or more

depending on pipe size and SDRdelivers

potential savings by reducing energy loss.

Aquatherm Circle 6

Air-filter-clog detectorThe FILTERSCAN air-ilter-clog detector provides visual, au-

dible, and remote alerts that a ilter needs servicing by moni-

toring changes in dierential pressure in an HVAC system.

The detector automatical ly compensates or changes in

system blower speed; can be installed

upstream, downstream, or dieren-

tially across a ilter; and works with

single-speed, multispeed, and most

variable-air-volume systems. It auto-

matically recalibrates each time a clogged air ilter is serviced.

CleanAlert Circle 7

Fabric-duct tensioning systemThe SkeleCore in-duct cylindrical tensioning system or textile

HVAC ductwork has been expanded with the addition o aabric-tensioning system (FTS). The FTS

consists o cylindrical tensioning rings

attached circumerentially to the abric

via sewn-in clips at the inlet, end cap, and

connections; abric-supporting internal

rings; and a lightweight aluminum back-

bone tube. A lower-cost internal-hoop system (IHS) consisting

o actory-installed hoops is also available. DuctSox Circle 8

Air purifierThe commercia l series APCO rack system is a non-ozone

air-puriication system or HVAC units in commercial, indus-trial, and institutional acilities. It eatures ultraviolet-C (UVC)

germicidal irradiation or airborne and HVAC-unit in-

ternal-surace disinection combined with gas-

phase air puriication and photocatalytic

oxidat ion (PC O) to captur e

and neutralize volatile organic

compounds. The system can be

installed in all brands o package and air-handling

units ranging rom 10 to 200 tons. FreshAire UV

Circle 9

Heat-recovery systemThe Airstage VR-II heat-recovery system allows or simultane-ous heating and cooling operation. Single outdoor units are

available rom 6 to 10 tons; units can

be combined to provide up to 24 tons

on a single rerigerant circuit. When

multiple outdoor units are combined,

compressor control logic automatically

balances the mass low rate o each compressor. One rerig-

eration circuit can supply up to 45 indoor air handlers.

Fujitsu Circle 10

Wall-mount water heaterThe latest additions to the ARMOR amily o

water heaters are wall-mount models with

inputs o 125,000 Btuh and 199,999 Btuh. The

units oer up to 96 percent thermal eiciency

with a 5:1 turndown and a compact design

that its tight installations. They are designed

to be installed with a separate unired storage

tank, which prevents lime-scale buildup rom

impairing a systems heat-transer eiciency. Lochinvar

Circle 11

In-line expansion jointThe Seismic Gator in-line expansion joint is designed to pro-

tect piping spanning a build-

ings seismic joint. It is capable

o 4 in. o movement in all di-

rections. It is engineered with

gimbal and bellows technolo-gies combined with a MetraGa-

tor expansion joint. It has a maximum working pressure

o 150 psi and a maximum working temperature o 700F.

Metraflex Circle 12

Energy-recovery systemThe eQ Series dedicated-outdoor-air energy-recovery sys-

tem is available in eight sizes under

15,000 cm or schools, oices, hotels,

and other commercial applications o

50,000 sq t and less. The unit eatures

an onboard microprocessor and 3-ang-strom molecular sieve enthalpy-wheel

technology. The Dynamic Novel Auto-

mation controller monitors both out-

door temperature and dew point to determine when the

enthalpy-based economizer cycle should activate the mois-

ture-removal and reheating modes. SEMCO Circle 13

Indoor-swimming-pool dehumidifierTh e Pr ot oc ol NP Se ri es in do or -

swimming-pool dehumidiier is

available in capacities rom 18 to

140 tons. The units are designedto provide energy-eicient na-

tatorium space heating/cool-

7/27/2019 HPAC - 201303

26/45

See more atenvisioneering.danfoss.com/vfd

Thankstofanandpumpaffinity

laws, properly appliedVLT drivescanimproveefficiency from45% to70% tomeetdemandingenergy efficiency goals.

energy reductions forASHRAE 90.1 and 189.1

Rebatesavingsofferedby many utilitiesshortenpaybackby recognizingDanfossVLT driveshighenergy efficiency andpowerfactorcorrection.

potential utility rebates for applying VFDs

From utility rebates toenergy standards:Seewhere EnVisioneering

SMcan takeyouStartsavingfanandpumpenergy exponentially, likeOEMsandcommercial buildingownershaveforover

25years, by partneringwiththeexpertswhoengineered

the firstVFDdedicatedfor HVAC. Like usingadimmer

todial theexactamountoflightdesired, DanfossVLT variable-frequency drivescantunemotorpower

toprecise loadrequirementshelping you meet

todaysevolvingenergy efficiency goals.

MAKING MODERN LIVING POSSIBLE

*PYJSL
http://envisioneering.danfoss.com/vfdhttp://envisioneering.danfoss.com/vfdhttp://envisioneering.danfoss.com/vfdhttp://envisioneering.danfoss.com/vfdhttp://envisioneering.danfoss.com/vfdhttp://envisioneering.danfoss.com/vfdhttp://envisioneering.danfoss.com/vfdhttp://envisioneering.danfoss.com/vfdhttp://envisioneering.danfoss.com/vfdhttp://envisioneering.danfoss.com/vfdhttp://envisioneering.danfoss.com/vfdhttp://envisioneering.danfoss.com/vfdhttp://envisioneering.danfoss.com/vfdhttp://envisioneering.danfoss.com/vfdhttp://envisioneering.danfoss.com/vfdhttp://envisioneering.danfoss.com/vfdhttp://envisioneering.danfoss.com/vfdhttp://envisioneering.danfoss.com/vfdhttp://envisioneering.danfoss.com/vfd

7/27/2019 HPAC - 201303

27/4524 HPAC ENGINEERING MARCH 2013


ing and humidity control, while oering ree pool-water

heating and reheat through heat recovery. The Protocol

Series replaces vapor-compression rerigerants with glycol,

an environmentally preerred heat-transer luid or LEED

and other sustainable-building projects. Seresco USA Inc.

Circle 14

High-efficiency-pump lineWet-rotor Viridian pumps eature

electronically commutated motors,

ully automated sel-sensing variable-

speed operation, and simple Web-

style controls. They are available in

capacities o up to 375 gpm. An Eth-

ernet connection allows remote control, monitoring, and

adjustment. The Viridian is suitable or luid temperatures

rom 14F to 230F and water/glycol mixtures in concentra-

tions o up to 50 percent. Taco Circle 15

Redesigned UV-C fixtureThe redesigned X-Plus UV UV-C NEMA 4X ixture accom-

modates 17- to 61-in.

extended-base lamps,

which easily mount rom

the exterior o any HVAC

system, air handler, ple-

num, or duct. The rede-

signed version nearlydoubles lamp-length compatibility, while a new ballast pro-

vides voltage lexibility rom 120 V to 208/230/240 V and 277

VAC. The ballast automatically matches its output voltage

and current to the power requirements o a particular lamp.

UV Resources Circle 16

Hydronic balancing solutionsVictaulic provides a comprehensive line o hydronic bal-

ancing products, as well as Tour & An-

dersson (TA) instruments (TA-SCOPE

and TA-CMI) and sotware (TA Link

and TA Select). TA-SCOPE providesquick and accurate measurement o

dierential pressure, low, tempera-

ture, and power to ensure hydronic

heating and cooling systems are operating at the most

economic and comortable settings; TA Select makes

valve selection easy as it takes desired low, pressure

drop, and low rate into consideration during valve selec-

tion. Victaulic Circle 17

Plastic-pipe-fusion systemThe TRITON pipe-usion system is a plastic-pipe-welding solu-

tion that uses radio-requency electromagnetic technologyto improve pipe-joining and testing times. Using TRITON,

-in. plastic pipe can be used in approximately 40 sec, and

welds are ready or pressure testing immediately. TRITON in-

cludes three componentsa con-

trol unit, users, and ittingsthat

operate together to create durable

outside-diameter welds oering

unobstructed low and low pres-

sure drop. Watts Circle 18

Circulator pumpDesigned or commercial hydronic applications, the

MAGNA3 variable-speed wet-rotor circulator eatures the

AUTOAdapt unction, which automatically and continu-

ously adjusts circulator perormance, and the FLOWADAPT

control mode, which reduces the need

or pump throttling valves. The pumps

variable-speed, electronically commu-

tated motor uses an integrated logic

algorithm to learn the energy-usage

patterns o an application over time,

enabling the sotware to automatically determine the low-

est operating eiciency point to meet ever-changing de-

mand. Grundfos Circle 19

Liquid-desiccant systemThe DT- RT 2500/15 is a actory -as-

sembled, single-piece liquid-desic-

cant dehumidiication and cooling

unit. The non-toxic lithium-chloride

d e s i c c a n t - b a s e d s y s t e m e n a b l e sprecise control o indoor environ-

ments by oering independent temperature and hu-

midity control in a s ingle packaged rootop unit .

Advantix Systems Circle 20

Water pressure booster systemThe Aurora IntelliBoost variable-speed constant-pressure

booster system is designed or resh-water applications in high-

rises, oice buildings, hospitals, hotels, and

other commercial and industrial applications.

The system combines a variable-requency

drive or each pump and a programmablelogic controller with a proportional integral

derivative loop to stage up to our pumps

based on pressure and low needs. Pentair

Circle 21

Brazed-plate heatexchangersFour models o 3-in. and 4-in. brazed-

plate heat exchangers are well-suited

or large hydronic heating applications,

rerigerant evaporators, condensers

with large chillers, and many other ap-plications requiring low rates o up to

800 gpm. All have a design pressure o 435 psig and min/max

design temperature o 310F/450F. Xylem Circle 22

7/27/2019 HPAC - 201303


Augmented-reality appThe Titus augmented-reality (AR) app allows smartphones

and tablets to recognize images in Titus HVAC literature and

printed documents and augment it with hidden content,

such as video, animation, and drawings. The

ree app is designed to provide consulting

engineers with additional explanations and

make content easier to understand by seeing

it in action using multimedia channels. The

company has incorporated Titus AR logos in print catalogs,

equipment, advertisements, and business cards. Custom-

ers simply download the Titus AR app and then use their

smartphones to scan the logo to unlock the hidden content.

Titus Circle 23

Building-automation gatewayQuickServer is a high-perormance, ully conigurable build-ing and industrial automation gateway designed to enable

integrators to easily interace devices to networks in com-

mercial buildings and industrial plants. The

FS-QS-10XX Series is preloaded with two BAS

drivers (serial, Ethernet, and/or LonWorks)

and can handle up to 250 points. The FS-

QS-12XX Series QuickServer can use any

serial, Ethernet, or LonWorks driver in the

extensive FieldServer driver library. The FS-

QS-12XX Series can handle up to 500 points

and is available with a choice o RS-485, RS-232, or RS-422 serial ports in addition to Ethernet and Lon-

Works. Field Server Technologies Circle 24

Fan diffuserTh e AxiT op di user has been opti mized

or use as a passive component in ebm-

papst 800- and 910-mm series ans. The

low-proile (250 mm tall) diuser reduces

discharge losses substantially. Energy sav-

ings o up to 27 percent and a simultaneous

7.2-dB(A) reduction in operating noise are

attainable. With the same power consumption, an AxiTop-equipped an can generate up to a 9-percent higher low rate

with an approximate 4.9-dB(A) reduction in noise compared

with a an without the diuser. ebm-papst Circle 25

Variable-refrigerant-flow with heatrecoveryCarrier has expanded its variable-rerigerant-low (VRF)

oerings to include heat-recovery models under the

name Toshiba Carrier SHRM-i. Toshiba Carrier SHRM-i VRF

systems eature multiple inverter-driven compressors.

The three-pipe heat-recovery systems are well-suited or

applications requiring simultaneous heating and cool-ing, maximizing eiciency by transerring energy rom

one indoor zone to another through rerigerant piping.

Carrier Circle 26

Low-horsepower motorsThe ARKTIC 59 constant-speed, brushless DC

motor is oered in a 1/15-hp version with an

operating speed o 500 to 1,800 rpm. The

electronically commutated motor is de-

signed to be a drop-in replacement or 3.3-in.

shaded-pole and permanent-split-capacitor motors in the

evaporators o commercial rerigeration walk-in coolers and

reezers. Morrill Motors Circle 27

BACnet thermostatsAppStat BAC-4000 thermostats combine a BACnet

controller and temperature/humidity/motion-

sensor options in a single, space-mounted de-

vice. AppStat is an integrated native BACnet

application-speciic controller. No external

communication or occupancy modules are required.

All models include an integrated BACnet schedule and

hardware real-time clock with 72-hr capacitor backup or

stand-alone operation or network time synchronization.

KMC Controls Circle 28

Water-source heat pumpThe Tranquil ity 22 two-stage compact TY water-

source heat pump is available in 2- to 5-ton ca-

pacities with multiple cabinet options (vertical

uplow and horizontal) and has one o

the industrys smallest ootprints, mak-ing it suitable or installation in tight

places and or the replacement/retroit

market. The TY has an extended-range

rerigerant circuit or both ground-loop

(geothermal) and water-loop (boiler-tower) applications.

ClimateMaster Circle 29

Pipe couplingThe Grinnell Rapid Installation Pivot-Bolt (GRIP) coupling is

designed to provide easy, consistent pipe coupling. The pivot

bolt means there is only one bolt to tighten,

which reduces installation time. The cou-plings patented tongue-and-groove pad

grips the entire circumerence o a pipes

groove. The couplings can withstand

pressures o up to 750 psi and temperatures

o up to 250F. Grinnell Circle 30

Mobile app for refrigeration systemsA mobile application or Android phones and iPhones helps

technicians troubleshoot mechanical and electrical problems

in a rerigeration system. When a system problem

is entered, the app provides possible origin sce-

narios to help pinpoint a solution. The app workswith all rerigeration systems regardless o cool-

ing capacity or compressor brand. Embraco

Circle 31


7/27/2019 HPAC - 201303

29/45

W

By WILLIAM J. STANGELAND

McGuire Engineers Inc.

Chicago, Ill.

With energy costs on the rise and the future of oil,natural gas, and other fossil fuels unknown, savingenergy is top of mind for many building owners andmanagers. The ticket to increased energy efficiencyaswell as reduced occupant complaints and lower operatingcostsis retrocommissioning.

This article will discuss what retrocommissioning is,why it is important, what buildings need it, and what itsbenefits are. Additionally, the article will discuss ways inwhich retrocommissioning is implemented and touch onpertinent code changes.

What Is Retrocommissioning?Retrocommissioning is a systematic and documented

process for identifying no- and low-cost improvementsthat can boost the efficiency and performance of anexisting building. Through investigation, analysis, andopt imizat ion of bui lding performance throughoperations-and-maintenance- (O&M-) improvementmeasures, retrocommissioning seeks to improve howbuilding equipment and systems function together.

The retrocommissioning process for existing build-ings essentially is the same as the commissioningprocess for new ones, involving inspection and testingof HVAC, plumbing, electrical, lighting, and life-safetysystems, as well as the building envelope. The process

also includes checking for complete documentationand ensuring building operators are sufficiently trainedto sustain building performance. Participants in theretrocommissioning process include the buildingsO&M staff; the building-automation-system (BAS)contractor; the testing, adjusting, and balancing contrac-tor; various service personnel; and the commissioningauthority.

Retrocommissioning uncovers problems stemmingfrom design or construction. Additionally, it identifiesthe types of issues that develop throughout a buildingslife.

Why Is Retrocommissioning Needed?As buildings age and their use changes, system

efficiency degrades and operational requirementschange. With retrocommissioning, building systems areoptimized through O&M upgrades, tune-up activities,and diagnostic testing. The process is performed on allbuilding systems, including HVAC, plumbing, electrical,lighting, and life safety, as well as the building envelope.

Reasons to retrocommission a building include: Reduce operating costs. Identify and resolve building-system control and

maintenance issues. Minimize operational risks. Increase asset value. Improve comfort and indoor-air quality (IAQ). Reduce liability. Improve tenant satisfaction and retention. Identify O&M-staff training needs. Update O&M manuals and procedures to reflect

current building use. Extend equipment life. Obtain LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environ-

mental Design) for Existing Buildings or ENERGY STARcertification.

Qualify for local rebates or incentives.Buildings as new as 2 to 3 years old, in which excessive

energy use often goes unnoticed, can benefit fromretrocommissioning.

Retrocommissioning efforts should target: The building envelope. For instance, if a building has

openings to the outside, they may not be sealed tightly,which means the HVAC system works much harder toheat, cool, and pressurize the building, resulting in energywaste.

Energy-management systems that were not installedor programmed correctly or that may have degradedover time.

Operational controls that are out of calibration ornot sequencing properly.

Equipment that is running more than needed orinefficiently.

Time clocks or schedules that were set up improperly.


WhyYour Building?

William J. Stangeland has more than 30 years of experience in HVAC- and plumbing-system design. As president of McGuire

Engineers Inc., he is responsible for controlling the overall quality of the firms business, fostering client satisfaction, and mentoring

and developing the firms staff. He has been a leader in the firms sustainability efforts.

Retrocommission

7/27/2019 HPAC - 201303

30/45

*PYJSL
mailto:[email protected]://www.onicon.com/

7/27/2019 HPAC - 201303

31/45

Introducing Criti-Clean: the new, more intelligentchoice in FFUs for clean rooms.

No other fan filter unit can match Criti-Cleans valuable features:

s3TAINLESSSTEELCONSTRUCTIONWITHALLWELDEDPLENUM

s(IGHER#&-OUTPUTTHANCOMPETITIVEMODELS s#OMPUTERCONTROLLEDVARIABLESPEED%#-MOTOR

s(%0!FILTERWITHEFFICIENCYATMICRON

#RITI#LEANPROVIDESCONSTANTAIRFLOWCOMPENSATINGFORCHANGES

INFILTERLOADSTATICPRESSUREANDMORE0LUSITSBUILTTOMEET

THELATESTPRESSURETESTINGSTANDARDS

Clean room projectsjust got a lot easier.

A-J MANUFACTURING

800-247-5746www.ajmfg.com


Phases of RetrocommissioningThe retrocommissioning process consists of five

distinct phases:1. Planning. The planning phase includes meeting with

the building owner, documenting the owners facilityrequirements, and performing a site walk-through. Acontract with a services provider is prepared, negotiated,and finalized before any additional steps are taken.

2. Investigation. After the retrocommissioning teamis assembled and the kick-off meeting is held, a siteinvestigation is conducted, facility documentation isreviewed, diagnostic monitoring begins, and functionaltests and simple repairs are performed. This aids indetermining how systems are supposed to operate andenables the team to prioritize operating deficiencies.

3. Implementation. During the implementation phase,the highest-priority deficiencies are corrected, and properoperation is verified.

4. Turnover. A smooth transition provides the toolsand knowledge necessary for the buildings O&M staff tosustain savings and operational improvements.

5. Persistence. This last phase ensures continuoussystem-performance improvement through persistentstrategies.

How Retrocommissioning Is ImplementedA typical way to start retrocommissioning services

is to perform an energy audit of the building and/or todocument the buildings ENERGY STAR rating. Then:

Develop a building-operation plan, defining thepresent-day requirements of the building and its systemsand identifying any operational problems affectingoccupant comfort and any additional low-cost/no-costitems that can be implemented.

Prepare a plan for testing all building systems toconfirm correct operation and/or define requiredremedial work.

Implement and document the tasks in the above plan. Repair and/or upgrade all systems and components

found to be deficient. Retest all building components after changes are

made to ensure optimal operation.

Code ChangesCodes are being changed to require commissioning

and retrocommissioning. For instance, the 2012 Interna-tional Energy Conservation Code requires system com-missioning in buildings in which mechanical-equipmentcapacity is equal to or greater than 480,000 Btuh of cool-ing and 600,000 Btuh of heating.

Case StudiesRetrocommissioning projects on which McGuire

Engineers has worked include a major museum inChicago and a large community school in Wisconsin.

At the museum, more than 1 million sq ft of space iscooled, heated, and humidified to tight tolerances year-round. With this comes high energy use. The chilled-water system was studied to determine if there wereany opportunities to save energy. Multiple cost-savingmeasures, some of which were implemented immediately,were identified.

The community school was experiencing issues withbuilding pressurization, heating and air distribution,

central-air-handler operation, the location and applica-tion of HVAC controls, and its BAS. Through modifica-tions of air-handling units, the hot-water-piping system,and sequence of operations and the integration of temper-ature/carbon-dioxide sensors in classrooms, the schoolwas able to decrease systemwide energy use and achieveimproved occupant comfort.

ConclusionMost buildings are not performing to their potential.

Thus, it is important to consider retrocommissioning,as the majority of existing buildings have not undergone

any type of commissioning or quality-assurance testing.With building conditions (age, size, construction type,systems, etc.) varying so widely, energy savings can rangefrom 11 cents per square foot to 72 cents per square foot.

Circle 168

WHY RETROCOMMISSION YOUR BUILDING?
http://www.ajmfg.com/http://www.ajmfg.com/

7/27/2019 HPAC - 201303

32/45

Integrated Control Systems

MAXIMIZES BOILER ROOM EFFICIENCY

INCREASES PRODUCTIVITY

REDUCES OPERATING COSTS

+XUVW3HUIRUPDQFH6HULHV%RLOHUVDJDLQOHDGWKHPDUNHWZLWKRXUH[LEOH

GHVLJQVIHDWXULQJWUXHPDVWHULQWHJUDWLRQDQGUHDOWLPHPRQLWRULQJVHWWLQJ

WKHVWDQGDUGVDQGWKHSDWKWRPD[LPL]LQJERLOHUURRPHIFLHQF\

*PYJSL
http://hurstboiler.com/

7/27/2019 HPAC - 201303

33/45

MBy CRAIG F. HOFFERBER, CxA, CSI

H & P Systems Inc.

Rancho Santa Margarita, Calif.

Many HVAC systems are equipped with 100-percent-outdoor-air economizer cycles consisting of a set ofdampers that steer cool outdoor air to fans, which thenmove the air around the system. The purpose of an aireconomizer is to reduce refrigerant-compressor run timeduring colder months and possibly during cool nighthours and, thus, lower annual energy consumption.

Many variable-air-volume (VAV) systems are designedwith incompatible and/or incomplete control strategiesthat undermine the performance of outdoor-air econo-mizers. This problem has persisted since the late 1970s,when some 90 percent of VAV systems did not function asexpected, and some 60 percent did not achieve predictedenergy savings.1 This article discusses how, throughproper application of modern tools,such as direct digital control (DDC) andhighly accurate, low-cost instruments,a much higher level of success can beachieved. It is important to note thatmany of the methods discussed inthis article are not industry-standard

practice, but nonetheless worth considering in the nameof controllability, performance, and energy efficiency.

Economizer OptionsEconomizer systems essentially come in one of two

configurations. The first uses a traditional supply-fan-and-return-fan design, with an outdoor-air intake damper, areturn-air damper, and an exhaust-air damper (Figure1). This type of system, sometimes called push-pull,depends on the return fan to handle return-air-systemlosses and the supply fan to handle supply-air-systemlosses. Economizers should be integrated (sequenced)with cooling-coil operation for best system efficiency andperformance in constant-air-volume applications.

The second configuration uses the same three dampersto steer air, but has a relief/exhaust fan instead of a returnfan to control space pressure (Figure 2). The relief/exhaustfan is located just before the exhaust-air damper and is


Maximizing

Outdoor-Air-EconomizerOperation

A principal for H & P Systems Inc. (www.h-psystems.com), Craig F. Hofferber, CxA, CSI, specializes in mechanical-, electrical-,

instrumentation-, and control-system design; construction coordination; and system commissioning. His hands-on systems

knowledge is coupled with extensive manufacturer and product knowledge.

Overcoming longtime controllability, performance, and energy-efficiency issues

M

OA

EA

VSD

AI

RA

AIAI AIAI AIAO

AIAI AO AO

AI

M

AOAI

VSD

F

AI AO AIAI

SA

AIAI

AI

DP

DP

DP

SpaceCO

2

Economizersection

Filter Supply fan

Cooling coil

Vel

Vel Chilledwater

Returnfan Space

pressure

Network

Spacetemp.

FIGURE 1. Digitally controlled variable-air-volume air-handling unit with return/exhaust

economizer.

LEGEND:AI = analog inputAO = analog outputBDD = Backdraft dampercfm = cubic feet per minuteDP = differential pressure (inch water column

or pounds per square inch differential)EA = exhaust airF = flowM = motorized (actuator)OA = outdoor airRA = return airSA = supply airVel = velocity (feet per minute)VSD = variable-speed drive
http://www.h-psystems.com/http://www.h-psystems.com/http://www.h-psystems.com/http://www.h-psystems.com/

7/27/2019 HPAC - 201303

34/45

SAVVE energyNew Vektor

-HS lab airexhaust system.

Model

Vektor-HS

Patent Pending

Greenhecks new Vektor-HS can help reduce energy costs

in demand-based laboratory exhaust systems by up to 60%.

A unique variable volume nozzle combined with Greenhecks

Sure-Aire Variable Volume Exhaust (SAVVE) technology help

maintain a constant discharge stack velocity as required by

ANSI Z9.5 when airflows decrease during non-peak periods.

By automatically adjusting the discharge area, an speed and

energy usage can be reduced or quieter, more economical

operation. All an controls in the new Vektor-HS are

pre-programmed at the actory or easy installation.

Scan code

to learn more

about Greenheck

Model Vektor-HS.

Get the ree mobile appat http://gettag.mobi

See how the newest addition to our

Vektor series of lab exhaust systems

performs at greenheck.com/4vektorhs.

Fans & Ventilators | Centrifugal & Vane Axial Fans | Energy Recovery Ventilators

Packaged Ventilati

HPAC - 201303

Documents

Transcript of HPAC - 201303