How to write a quality paper in Sanskrit?

How to Write a quality

Research Paper in Sanskrit?

J.S.R.A. Prasad

Dept. of Sanskrit Studies

School of Humanities

University of Hyderabad

Road Map

Why to write?

What if I write?

Qualities of a good writer

The structure of a paper

कथं वा प्रायम्ब्? ...हेतसु्तददु्भवे Initiate the process this way

MLA style

Related glossary

LaTeX publishing

9/2/2009

National Workshop on Manuscriptology &

Research Methodology, Sanskrit Academy,

Hyderabad 2

Why to write?

Ink on paper is as beautiful to me as flowers on the mountains; God composes, why shouldn't we? - Audra Foveo-Alba

The purpose of a writer is to keep civilization from destroying itself – Albert Camus

The difference between the right word and the almost right word is the difference between lightning and a lightning bug. - Mark Twain

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What if I write?

You are visible to the scholarly world

You can contribute to the society

You can be a torch bearer in your own

saastra

You get exempted from minimum

eligibility conditions for your higher

degree in some Universities!

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Enthusiasm

Knowledge of the subject

Control over the language

Logical presentation of the content

ग्रहणं धायणं चैव स्भयणं प्रततऩादनभ ्।ऊहाऩोहोऽथथववऻानं तत्त्वऻानं च धीगणुा् ।।

(ऩदमोजना 2.1.1)

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Reader oriented style

Knowledge of contemporary issues

शवितनथऩुणतारोकशास्त्रकाव्माद्यवेऺणात ्। काव्मऻतशऺमाभ्मास इतत हेतुस्तददु्भवे ।।

(काव्मप्रकाश् 1.1)

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The structure of a paper

उऩोद्घात्

• उदे्दश्मकथनभ ् (why this topic should be focused on?)

• ववषमऩरयचम् (motivation towards the content)

ववषम

ववस्ताय्

• अंशतो ववषमप्रततऩादनभ ् (classification of content in to parts)

• तार्कथ कऩद्धत्मा तनरूऩणभ ् (logical order maintained)

उऩसंहाय्

• अवधेमांऽशा् (whether the paper is full in its extent?)

• तनष्कषथ् (conclusion)

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कथं वा प्रायम्ब्? सवथस्म रेखस्म मुगऩदेव रेखनं भास्तु । सवथस्मादौ शान्तत्मोऩववश्म मे च अंशा् स्भतृतऩथभामान्न्तत, तानंशान ् ऩते्र तरखन्तत ु । अनन्ततयं तेभ्मंऽशेभ्म् आकृततकल्ऩनां कुवथन्ततु । मदा एते रेखनवफन्तदव्(points) सञ्जामन्तते, तदा तान ्वफन्तदनू ्वववणृ्वन्ततु ।

र्दनद्वम-र्दनत्रमानन्ततयभेव तरन्खत ं ववषम ंऩरयशील्मताभ ् । एवं ऩत्रसभातिऩतथन्ततभ ् नैकवायभेष क्रभो व्रज्म् ।

अत्र रेखनवफन्तदतुब् राब् एवं स्मात ्एते च संन्ऺप्त्मै(abstract) अगे्र भहदऩुकायाम बववष्मन्न्तत ।

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प्रत्मेकन्स्भन ्वफन्तदौ मे शास्त्रववषमा् अस्भातबयवगन्ततव्मा् ते च तत्तच्छास्त्रसम्फन्न्तधग्रन्तथेभ्म्, ऩवत्रकाभ्म्, ऩूवथतनरेखेभ्म् सङ्ग्ग्रहणीमा् । साम्प्रततककारे अन्ततजाथरस्म उऩमोग् ववतनमोगश्च अत्मन्ततभऩुकायाम कल्ऩते । Use search engines

such as „Google‟ etc., to locate the required information.

ववषम-शास्त्रसम्फद्ध ऩुस्तकानां, ऩवत्रकानां नैयन्ततमथ ऩठन ंपराम कल्ऩते

क्रतभकऩद्धत्मा उद्धतृववषमाणाभ ् अङ्ग्कनं कामथभ ् । तेनैव तत्तद्ग्ग्रन्तथनाभेत्मार्दकं आकयग्रन्तथसचूी तनभाथणाथ ंयन्ऺतव्मभ ्

ववषमसङ्ग्गहणे भधुभन्ऺकान्तमाम् आश्रमणीम् Take notes as you read something or listen to someone

कथं वा प्रायम्ब्?

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...हेतसु्तददु्भवे

शोधकामथस्रोतांतस

शास्त्रग्रन्तथा्, ऩवत्रका्, सङ्ग्गोष्ठीरेखा इत्मादम्

नूतनशोधरेखप्रक्रभ्

प्रफन्तध्अनफुन्तधचतुष्टम, सङ्ग्गत्मार्दतब्

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Initiate the Process This Way

बावमिंु शीषथकं तचन्तवन्ततु । शीषथकतभदं र्कन्ञ्चत ्„सतू्रभ‟् इव स्मात ्। (title of the paper)

रेखकस्म नाभ, सङ्ग्केतार्दकभ ् (address, email etc.)

संन्ऺति् (abstract) - not more than 200/250 words. Economy of words be maintained and relevant to the content

कुन्ञ्चकाऩदातन (key words) – a few, unknown

ववषमप्रस्तुतत् – उऩोद्घात् – not more than two pages and the length of the entire paper (body text) depends on the guidelines

उऩसंहाय् (conclusion) – describe the method/material used

Use preferably Unicode fonts in computer

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MLA - General Style

Specific editorial requirements for submission of a manuscript will always

supercede instructions in these general guidelines.

To make a paper readable:

Print or type using a 12 point standard font, such as Times, Geneva, Bookman, Helvetica, etc. मर्द संस्सतेृ तरख्मते तर्हथ „Gargi, Mangal, Sanskrit 2003, Xdevnag‟ इत्मादमो ऩरयशीरनीमा् ।

Text should be double spaced on 8 1/2" x 11" paper with 1 inch

margins, single sided

Number pages consecutively

Start each new section on a new page

Adhere to recommended page limits

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MLA - General Style

Use normal prose including articles ("a", "the," etc.)

Stay focused on the research topic of the paper

Use paragraphs to separate each important point(except for the abstract)

Indent the first line of each paragraph

Present your points in logical order

Avoid informal wording, don't address the readerdirectly, and don't use jargon, slang terms, orsuperlatives

Avoid use of superfluous pictures - include only thosefigures necessary to presenting ideas

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Avoid mistakes

Placing a heading at the bottom of a page with the following text on the next page (insert a page break!)

Dividing a table or figure - confine each figure/table to a single page

Submitting a paper with pages out of order (Source: Wikipedia)

Don‟t use several fonts with various attributes

Don‟t mention anonymous quotes

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Proof read the draft – spellings, cases, tenses, incomplete sentences

Beating around the bush? Don‟t waste the time of the reader

Avoid fictitious writing

अथ ंफुद्ग््वा शब्दयचना – „Changing temperature had the following affect on the subject‟ (affect = verb; effect = noun)What happened to the subject was an effect. The temperature change affected the subject.

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Avoid mistakes

Related Glossary

Op. cit. (Latin, short for "opus citatum"/"operecitato“)

meaning "the work cited/from the cited work") isthe term used to provide an endnote or footnotecitation to refer the reader to an earlier citation. Tofind the Op. cit. source, one has to look at theprevious footnotes or general references section tofind the relevant author. This repeats the previous titlefor a given author.

Loc. cit. (location cited)

refers to the last cited source is rarely used. Thisrepeats the title and page number for a givenauthor.

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Ibid. (Latin, short for ibidem, "the same place")

is the term used to provide an endnote orfootnote citation or reference for a source thatwas cited in the preceding endnote or footnote. Itis similar in meaning to idem (meaning somethingthat has been mentioned previously; the same)abbreviated “id.," which is commonly used in legalcitation

Example

4. E. Vijh, Latin for dummies (New York: Academic,1997), p.23.

5. Ibid.

6. Ibid., p.29.

Related Glossary

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Super script – numerical reference

Foot notes – normally at the bottom of

page

End notes – normally at the end of the

paper

Bibliography – complete publication

details

Acknowledgements (optional)

Related Glossary

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laTeX is originated from the TeX, a low level

programming language- in 1982

LaTeX is a macro package based on TeX. Its

purpose is to simplify TeX typesetting, especially

for documents containing mathematical formulae.

Many later authors have contributed extensions,

called packages or styles, to LaTeX. Some of these

are bundled with most TeX/LaTeX software

distributions; more can be found in the

Comprehensive TeX Archive Network (CTAN)

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Since LaTeX comprises a group of TeX commands,LaTeX document processing is essentiallyprogramming. You create a text file in LaTeX markup.The LaTeX macro reads this to produce the finaldocument.

Clearly this has disadvantages in comparison with aWYSIWYG (What You See Is What You Get) programsuch as Openoffice.org Writer or Microsoft Word

Some disadvantages (ignorable):

You can't see the final result straight away.

You need to know the necessary commands for LaTeX markup.

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On the other hand, there are certain advantages to the markup language approach:

The layout, fonts, tables and so on are consistent throughout.

Mathematical formulae can be easily typeset.

Indexes, footnotes and references are generated easily.

You are forced to correctly structure your documents.

The LaTeX-like approach can be called WYSIWYMi.e. What You See Is What You Mean: you can't see what the final version will look like while typing. Instead you see the logical structure of the document. LaTeX takes care of the formatting for you.

The LaTeX document is a plain text file containing the content of the document, with additional markup. When the source file is processed by the macro package, it can produce documents in several formats. LaTeX natively supports DVI and PDF, but by using other software you can easily create PostScript, PNG, JPG, etc.

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Where to Publish?

Journals of Sanskrit Academies – SA, Hyderabad etc.

Journals of Oriental Research Institutes –Tirupati, Chennai, Adyar, Trivandrum etc.

International journals – Journal of Indian Philosophy, Journal of Indian council of Philosophical Research, Journal of Linguistics

Journals of Sanskrit Universities – Tirupati, Jaipuretc.

Magazines of Sanskrit voluntary organizations –Samskrita Bharati etc.

Open Access Journals

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Publish or Perish!Robert A. Day in his book "How to Write andPublish a Scientific Paper” says at the end:

"What I have said in this book is this: Scientificresearch is not complete until the results have beenpublished. Therefore, a scientific paper is anessential part of the research process. Therefore, thewriting of an accurate, understandable paper is justas important as the research itself. Therefore, thewords in the paper should be weighed as carefullyas the reagents in the laboratory. Therefore, thescientist must know how to use words. Therefore,the education of a scientist is not complete until theability to publish has been established.”

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Copy Cat?

Don‟t be a plagiarist

(Plagiarism is the practice of using or

copying someone else's idea or work and

pretending that you thought of it or

created it – Collins Dictionary)

Be honest!! Cite original author

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Web References

http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/LaTeX/Introd

uction

http://www.wvu.edu/~agexten/landrec/pu

blish.htm

http://www.publishnotperish.org/module3

/literature_search.htm

http://www.doaj.org

http://www.mathworks.com/matlabcentral

/fx_files/19920/3/latex.GIF

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http://www.wvu.edu/~agexten/landrec/publish.htm





http://www.doaj.org/





http://www.mathworks.com/matlabcentral/fx_files/19920/3/latex.GIF






कुतो वा नूतनं वस्तु वमभुत्पे्रन्ऺतंु ऺभा् ।वचोववन्तमासवैतचत्रभात्रभत्रावधामथताभ ्।।

(न्तमा.भं.)

धन्तमवाद्[email protected]

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mailto:[email protected]

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