How to use renewable energy to rise islands welfare Eksamples from Bornholm and Sardinia taken from...

How to use renewable energy How to use renewable energy to rise islands welfareto rise islands welfare

Eksamples from Bornholm and Eksamples from Bornholm and Sardinia taken from the Sardinia taken from the

TransPlan projectTransPlan project

Per Alex Sørensen PlanEnergiPer Alex Sørensen PlanEnergi

TransPlanTransPlan

TransParent Energy Planning and TransParent Energy Planning and ImplementationImplementation

Bornholm (Rügen), Gotland (Öland), Bornholm (Rügen), Gotland (Öland), Åland, Saaremaa (Hiiumaa), Åland, Saaremaa (Hiiumaa), Sardinia Sassari province (+ 3 other Sardinia Sassari province (+ 3 other provinces)provinces)

PlanEnergiPlanEnergi IslenetIslenet

Why is it always me?Why is it always me?

RISE OF WELFARERISE OF WELFARE

New workplaces during New workplaces during implementation and maintenanceimplementation and maintenance

Cheaper energyCheaper energy Technological development and sale Technological development and sale

of know how and equipmentof know how and equipment Reduction of environmental Reduction of environmental

problemsproblems Less dependency of imported fuels Less dependency of imported fuels

and servicesand services

MeansMeans

Local energy resources instead of Local energy resources instead of imported fuelsimported fuels

Local labour force instead of Local labour force instead of imported fuelsimported fuels

The principle in energy The principle in energy balancesbalances

Energy services:Room heatingHot waterElectricity forhouseholdsElectricity for industryCar transportBus transportFerriesetc.

FuelCoalOilElectricityStrawWoodWasteWindpowerSolar heatHydro

Action indicators:CO2-emission and other emissionsAmount and costs of fuels and energyAmount and costs of imported fuels andenergyAmount of unexploited renewableenergy soruces

EnergyBalance

Calculations

Energy Planning Tool (EPT)Energy Planning Tool (EPT)

Samsø 1997-99-01-03-05-07Samsø 1997-99-01-03-05-07 14 municipalities on Fyn14 municipalities on Fyn 12 provinces in Thailand12 provinces in Thailand TransPlan (Bornholm, Gotland, Åland, TransPlan (Bornholm, Gotland, Åland,

Saaremaa, Sardinia) Saaremaa, Sardinia) Region Midtjylland 2005-06-07 and 13 Region Midtjylland 2005-06-07 and 13

municipalities within Region Midtjyllandmunicipalities within Region Midtjylland Kolding, Aalborg, Vesthimmerland, Kolding, Aalborg, Vesthimmerland,

Rebild, Fredericia, VejleRebild, Fredericia, Vejle

Lessons learnedLessons learned

Simple Simple TransparentTransparent Action orientedAction oriented ComparableComparable Easy to updateEasy to update

1.st. workshop 1.st. workshop

Explanation of inserted dataExplanation of inserted data Insert missing dataInsert missing data Discussion of energy balance and Discussion of energy balance and

key figureskey figures Business as usual scenarioBusiness as usual scenario

2.nd workshop2.nd workshop

PresentationPresentation of inspiration of inspiration cataloguecatalogue

Single technology spreadsheet. Single technology spreadsheet. Presentation and calculation of Presentation and calculation of examplesexamples

Elaboration of list of actions Elaboration of list of actions Elaboration of alternative future Elaboration of alternative future

energy planenergy plan

3.rd workshop3.rd workshop

Presentation of alternative future Presentation of alternative future energy plan including prioritised energy plan including prioritised list of actionslist of actions

Elaboration of implementation Elaboration of implementation program for each actionprogram for each action

1. District Heating in Towns 1. District Heating in Towns (Bornholm)(Bornholm)

Target: District heating with biomass and solar. Target: District heating with biomass and solar. 9 new towns and switch fuel in Rønne. 9 new towns and switch fuel in Rønne.

Assumptions:Assumptions:– Local fuels: 15.000 t straw and 25.000 mLocal fuels: 15.000 t straw and 25.000 m33 wood chips wood chips– Import: 7.000 mImport: 7.000 m33 wood chips. wood chips.– 12.500 m12.500 m22 solar thermal. solar thermal.

Result: 68.000 t COResult: 68.000 t CO22 saved saved Proposed Actions: Proposed Actions:

– Coordination of transmission pipes, fuels, optimise Coordination of transmission pipes, fuels, optimise pipespipes

Stakeholders: Utilities, fuel suppliers and public Stakeholders: Utilities, fuel suppliers and public authoritiesauthorities

MarstalMarstal

PlanEnergiIDA d.19. august 2008

www.solarmarstal.dk

2. Switching fuels outside 2. Switching fuels outside district heating areas district heating areas

(Bornholm)(Bornholm)

Target: All oil consumption will be replaced by Target: All oil consumption will be replaced by heat pumps, wood pellet stoves, solar heating heat pumps, wood pellet stoves, solar heating etc.etc.

Assumptions: Assumptions: – Solar thermal plants (1000 units) when implementing Solar thermal plants (1000 units) when implementing

wood pellet stoves (2000 units)wood pellet stoves (2000 units)– 2000 heat pumps2000 heat pumps

Result: 32,000 t COResult: 32,000 t CO22 saved saved Proposed Actions: Proposed Actions:

– Information campaigns and direct personal adviceInformation campaigns and direct personal advice– Investigate possibilities for local wood pellet productionInvestigate possibilities for local wood pellet production

Stakeholders: ?Stakeholders: ?

3. Windpower (Bornholm)3. Windpower (Bornholm) Target: 90 MW new capacity establishedTarget: 90 MW new capacity established Assumptions:Assumptions:

– On shore: 15 MWOn shore: 15 MW– Off shore: 75 MWOff shore: 75 MW

Result: Result: – 33.000 t CO2 saved33.000 t CO2 saved– Electricity-exportElectricity-export

Proposed Actions:Proposed Actions:– On shore: Getting permissionsOn shore: Getting permissions– Off shore: Dialogue with the Danish stateOff shore: Dialogue with the Danish state– Regulation of electricity consumptionRegulation of electricity consumption

Stakeholders: Østkraft and private partnersStakeholders: Østkraft and private partners

4. Biogas (Bornholm)4. Biogas (Bornholm) Target: Utilize 40 % more of the total Target: Utilize 40 % more of the total

production of slurryproduction of slurry Assumptions:Assumptions:

– Implementation of further biogas capacity with CHPImplementation of further biogas capacity with CHP– Connection to district heating (26 GWh)Connection to district heating (26 GWh)– Upgrading to public transport (7 GWh)Upgrading to public transport (7 GWh)– Connection to electric grid (15 MWh)Connection to electric grid (15 MWh)

Result: 3.000 t COResult: 3.000 t CO22 saved saved Proposed Actions:Proposed Actions:

– Planning and designPlanning and design– Coordination of sale (heat etc.)Coordination of sale (heat etc.)


5. Electrical driven cars 5. Electrical driven cars (Bornholm)(Bornholm)

Target: 40 % of petrol consumption replaced Target: 40 % of petrol consumption replaced by electricityby electricity

Assumptions:Assumptions:– Profitable for usersProfitable for users– 80 % efficiency for electrical driven cars80 % efficiency for electrical driven cars


– Car pioneers: Østkraft, BRK and others.Car pioneers: Østkraft, BRK and others.– Establish filling stationsEstablish filling stations– Renting cars to touristsRenting cars to tourists

Stakeholders: Østkraft and others?Stakeholders: Østkraft and others?

6. Ethanol (Bornholm)6. Ethanol (Bornholm)

Target: Target: Establish the planned 2.nd generation Establish the planned 2.nd generation bio-ethanol plantbio-ethanol plant

Assumptions:Assumptions:

– Financing solvedFinancing solved

Result: Result: 30.000 t CO2 saved (include 12.000 t 30.000 t CO2 saved (include 12.000 t from fuel pellets and 16.000 t from bio ethanol from fuel pellets and 16.000 t from bio ethanol replacing petrol)replacing petrol)

Stakeholders: BornBioFuelStakeholders: BornBioFuel

7. Ethanol cars (Bornholm)7. Ethanol cars (Bornholm) Target: 40 % of petrol consumption replaced Target: 40 % of petrol consumption replaced

by 10.000 mby 10.000 m33 ethanol ethanol Assumptions:Assumptions:

– Production and distribution of bio ethanol to Production and distribution of bio ethanol to competitive pricecompetitive price


– Establish filling stationsEstablish filling stations– Establish mixing facilitiesEstablish mixing facilities– Marketing vehiclesMarketing vehicles

Stakeholders: BornBioFuel, petrol distributors, Stakeholders: BornBioFuel, petrol distributors, car sellers, fleet owners (BRK, companies)car sellers, fleet owners (BRK, companies)

8. Electricity savings 8. Electricity savings (Bornholm)(Bornholm)

Target: Target: Electricity consumption reduced with Electricity consumption reduced with 5% (excl. heat pumps and electrical driven cars)5% (excl. heat pumps and electrical driven cars)

Assumptions:Assumptions:– Active direct advise and marketing, Active direct advise and marketing,

campaigns etc. campaigns etc. Result: 4.000 t COResult: 4.000 t CO22 saved saved Proposed Actions:Proposed Actions:

– Coordinated energy advisingCoordinated energy advising

Stakeholders: Stakeholders: Østkraft, “Energitjenesten”, Østkraft, “Energitjenesten”, BRK, plumbers and building sector, banks ?BRK, plumbers and building sector, banks ?

9. Savings in Heat 9. Savings in Heat Consumption (Bornholm)Consumption (Bornholm)

Target: Heat consumption reduced with 10%Target: Heat consumption reduced with 10% Assumptions:Assumptions:

– Active direct advise and marketing, campaigns etc.Active direct advise and marketing, campaigns etc.–


– Coordinated energy advisingCoordinated energy advising–

Stakeholders: “Energitjenesten”, District Stakeholders: “Energitjenesten”, District heating companies, BRK, plumbers and heating companies, BRK, plumbers and building sector, banks ?building sector, banks ?

10. Savings in Land Transport 10. Savings in Land Transport (Bornholm)(Bornholm)

Target: Max 10 % increase in fuel Target: Max 10 % increase in fuel consumption for land transportconsumption for land transport

Assumptions:Assumptions:– Active direct advise and marketing, Active direct advise and marketing,

campaigns etc campaigns etc Result: 5.000 t COResult: 5.000 t CO22 saved saved Proposed Actions:Proposed Actions:

– Rearrangement/increase in public transportRearrangement/increase in public transport– Eco-driving, campaigns and information Eco-driving, campaigns and information


11. Coordinated Energy 11. Coordinated Energy Advising (Bornholm)Advising (Bornholm)

Target: Establish broad team of advisers for Target: Establish broad team of advisers for companies and private peoplecompanies and private people

Assumptions:Assumptions:– Pooling of resourcesPooling of resources– Common targets and strategies among stakeholdersCommon targets and strategies among stakeholders– The Will!The Will!

Result: Realisation of points: 2+7+8+9Result: Realisation of points: 2+7+8+9 Proposed Actions:Proposed Actions:

– Description of, agreement upon and establishing of Description of, agreement upon and establishing of team of advisersteam of advisers

Stakeholders: Utilities, “Energitjenesten”, BRK, Stakeholders: Utilities, “Energitjenesten”, BRK, plumbers and building sector, banks ?plumbers and building sector, banks ?

12. Energy Forum 12. Energy Forum (Bornholm)(Bornholm)

Target: Ensure coordination and Target: Ensure coordination and progress towards the targets in the progress towards the targets in the energy strategy (BE2025)energy strategy (BE2025)

Assumptions:Assumptions:– Will and interest!Will and interest!

Proposed Actions:Proposed Actions:– Continuous evaluation of the energy Continuous evaluation of the energy

strategy (for instance every two years)strategy (for instance every two years)– Continuous feed back to stakeholder groupsContinuous feed back to stakeholder groups

Stakeholders: Present Energy Forum?Stakeholders: Present Energy Forum?

-100

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900

CO2 Reduction Potential (1'000Tons p.a.)

Co

sts

(€ p

er T

on

CO

2)

Photovoltaics

Wind Energy

Heat Pumps

E-Saving in Industry

Electr. saving at Home

CHP "TREA"

Building Refurbishment

Condensing Technology

Refurbishment (expensive)

Geothermal Energy

Energy Mangmnt.

Low Energy Buildings

Wood Pellets

Biomass

District Heating Cogeneration

Units

Solar Collectors

Hydropower

CHP "Rhodia"

Proposed Priority of Actions Proposed Priority of Actions - start 2008-09 (Bornholm)- start 2008-09 (Bornholm)

1.1. District heating in Hasle, Aakirkeby, District heating in Hasle, Aakirkeby, Nylars, Snogebæk and Balka Nylars, Snogebæk and Balka

2.2. Change of fuels outside district heating Change of fuels outside district heating areasareas

3.3. WindmillsWindmills6.6. BornbiofuelBornbiofuel7.7. Ethanol carsEthanol cars8.8. Electricity savingsElectricity savings9.9. Savings in heat consumptionSavings in heat consumption11.Team of advisers11.Team of advisers12.Energy Forum12.Energy Forum

Proposed Priority of Actions Proposed Priority of Actions - start 2010-12 (Bornholm)- start 2010-12 (Bornholm)

1.1. District heating in Sorthat-MulebyDistrict heating in Sorthat-Muleby

4.4. BiogasBiogas

5.5. Electrical driven carsElectrical driven cars

10. Savings in land transport10. Savings in land transport

Proposed Priority of Proposed Priority of ActionsActions

- start after 1012 - start after 1012 (Bornholm)(Bornholm)

1. District heating in Nyker, Vestermarie, 1. District heating in Nyker, Vestermarie, Østerlars and Østermarie. Change of Østerlars and Østermarie. Change of fuel, Rønnefuel, Rønne

+ ”Coming..”:+ ”Coming..”: Large heat pumps for district heatingLarge heat pumps for district heating Wave powerWave power HydrogenHydrogen Solar PVSolar PV ??????????

Bornholm (key figures)Bornholm (key figures)

CO2 Per cap. Ships & flights RES* IMPORTCO2 Per cap. Ships & flights RES* IMPORT

1000 t1000 t (t) (t) 1000 t % 1000 t % Mio € Mio €

20052005 253 253 5,8 5,8 61 24 61 24 67 67

BE2025 BE2025 86 86 2,0 2,0 61 82 61 82 24 24

*) incl. imports*) incl. imports

Windpower (Sardinia)Windpower (Sardinia)

1.000 MW installed. The total 1.000 MW installed. The total electricity production is 175 ktep electricity production is 175 ktep or 2.030 GWh.or 2.030 GWh.

In calculation of the CO2 –In calculation of the CO2 –reduction coal produced electricity reduction coal produced electricity is replacedis replaced

CO2 –reduction 441.100 tons/yearCO2 –reduction 441.100 tons/year

Biogas (Sardinia)Biogas (Sardinia) 40 MW biogas installed. The total 40 MW biogas installed. The total

electricity production is estimated to be electricity production is estimated to be 324,8 GWh. The efficiency in the electricity 324,8 GWh. The efficiency in the electricity production is expected to be 38%. production is expected to be 38%. Therefore 854,7 GWh Therefore 854,7 GWh

biogas is needed. The biogas comes from biogas is needed. The biogas comes from manure (75% = 641 GWh) and waste (25% manure (75% = 641 GWh) and waste (25% = 213,7 GWh). In calculation of the CO2 –= 213,7 GWh). In calculation of the CO2 –reduction coal produced electricity is reduction coal produced electricity is replaced.replaced.

CO2 –reduction: 242.200 tons/year.CO2 –reduction: 242.200 tons/year.

Electricity savings (Sardinia)Electricity savings (Sardinia)

The electricity consumption in 2025 is The electricity consumption in 2025 is expected to be 20% lower than the expected to be 20% lower than the electricity consumption in 2005 electricity consumption in 2005 (compared to 16% higher in Business as (compared to 16% higher in Business as usual 2025!). usual 2025!).

The total electricity consumption in The total electricity consumption in 2025 will then be 10.089 GWh 2025 will then be 10.089 GWh

In calculation af the CO2 –reduction coal In calculation af the CO2 –reduction coal produced electricity is replaced.produced electricity is replaced.

CO2 –reduction: 3.572.100 tons/year.CO2 –reduction: 3.572.100 tons/year.

Savings in heat consumptions Savings in heat consumptions (Sardinia)(Sardinia)

Also end use of heat is reduced Also end use of heat is reduced with 20% compared to 2005. The with 20% compared to 2005. The total consumption for heating will total consumption for heating will then be reduced to 1.959 GWh then be reduced to 1.959 GWh

CO2 –reduction: 213.600 CO2 –reduction: 213.600 tons/year.tons/year.

Savings in process heat Savings in process heat (Sardinia)(Sardinia)

End use of process heat is reduced End use of process heat is reduced with 20%. with 20%.

CO2 –reduction: 458.300 tons/year CO2 –reduction: 458.300 tons/year

Savings transport (Sardinia)Savings transport (Sardinia)

The fuel consumption for transport The fuel consumption for transport is expected to be reduced with is expected to be reduced with 20% compared to 2005 (in stead of 20% compared to 2005 (in stead of an increase with 48,6% in Business an increase with 48,6% in Business as usual 2025!) Therefore fuel as usual 2025!) Therefore fuel consumption will be 9.732 GWh consumption will be 9.732 GWh

CO2 –reduction: 2.270.000 CO2 –reduction: 2.270.000 tons/yeartons/year

Solar electricity (Sardinia)Solar electricity (Sardinia)

100 MW of solar power is installed 100 MW of solar power is installed producing 139,3 GWh/yearproducing 139,3 GWh/year

In calculation of the CO2 ––reduction coal produced electricity reduction coal produced electricity is replaced.is replaced.

CO2 –reduction: 102.300 tons/yearCO2 –reduction: 102.300 tons/year

Solar thermal (Sardinia)Solar thermal (Sardinia)

350 MW solar thermal is installed 350 MW solar thermal is installed producing 417,6 GWh/yearproducing 417,6 GWh/year

The production replaces electricity The production replaces electricity for hot water production.for hot water production.

In calculation of the CO2 –reduction In calculation of the CO2 –reduction coal produced electricity is coal produced electricity is replaced.replaced.


Biomass produced electricity Biomass produced electricity (Sardinia)(Sardinia)

70 MW biomass fired power plants is 70 MW biomass fired power plants is installed. The electricity production is installed. The electricity production is expected to be 684,4 GWh/year. The fuel expected to be 684,4 GWh/year. The fuel consumption with 30% efficiency is consumption with 30% efficiency is

2.281,3 GWh 2.281,3 GWh

In calculation of CO2 –reduction 1.486 GWh In calculation of CO2 –reduction 1.486 GWh coal and 6 GWh heavy oil is replaced.coal and 6 GWh heavy oil is replaced.


Waste inceneration (Sardinia)Waste inceneration (Sardinia) 25 MW is installed. If running hours/year 25 MW is installed. If running hours/year

are 6.500 electricity production will be are 6.500 electricity production will be 162,5 GWh/year. And if efficiency in 162,5 GWh/year. And if efficiency in electricity production is 20% fuel electricity production is 20% fuel consumption will be consumption will be

812,5 GWh 812,5 GWh In calculation of CO2 –reduction heavy oil In calculation of CO2 –reduction heavy oil

is replaced.is replaced. CO2 –reduction: 50.500 tons/year. (extra CO2 –reduction: 50.500 tons/year. (extra

CO2 –reduction compared to reduction CO2 –reduction compared to reduction from 80,2 GWh electricity produced in from 80,2 GWh electricity produced in 2005)2005)

Biomass for heating Biomass for heating (Sardinia)(Sardinia)

1.213,4 GWh biomass (wood) is 1.213,4 GWh biomass (wood) is expected to be used for heating.expected to be used for heating.

Wood is replacing oil calculated as Wood is replacing oil calculated as 75 GWh wood will replace 70 GWh 75 GWh wood will replace 70 GWh oil.oil.

CO2 –reduction: 287.300 CO2 –reduction: 287.300 tons/year.tons/year.

Biofuel for transport Biofuel for transport (Sardinia)(Sardinia)

10% of fuel for transport is 10% of fuel for transport is replaced by biofuels.replaced by biofuels.


Sardinia (key figures)Sardinia (key figures)

CO2 Per cap. Ships & flights RES* CO2 Per cap. Ships & flights RES* 1000 t 1000 t (t) (t) 1000 t % 1000 t %

20052005 1724117241 10.4 10.4 ? 3.3 ? 3.3

BE2025 BE2025 9751 9751 5.9 5.9 ? 21.9 ? 21.9

*) incl. imports*) incl. imports

Syros?Syros?

Electricity savings. Electricity Electricity savings. Electricity production was 96 GWh in 2004 production was 96 GWh in 2004 and is expected to be 217 GWh in and is expected to be 217 GWh in 2025!!2025!!

Savings in heat consumptionSavings in heat consumption Savings in transport fuelsSavings in transport fuels

Syros?Syros?

Solar thermalSolar thermal Solar electricitySolar electricity Solar electricity and desalinationSolar electricity and desalination

PlanEnergiAalborg, d. 15. januar 2008

Syros?Syros?

Windmills . Yearly consumption Windmills . Yearly consumption 96 GWh in 2004. 8% wind. 96 GWh in 2004. 8% wind. Max load 20 MW. Max load 20 MW. 3.5 MW wind installed3.5 MW wind installed Waste to energyWaste to energy10.000 t waste/year?10.000 t waste/year? District coolingDistrict cooling

www.energyplan.euwww.energyplan.eu

District District coolingcooling

Syros?Syros?

Biogas bussesBiogas busses

2000 tons organic waste gives 2000 tons organic waste gives

200000 m3 biogas or 200000 m3 biogas or

325000 km in busses (890 km/day)325000 km in busses (890 km/day) Electric carsElectric cars

Economy (Syros)Economy (Syros)

2 MW windpower2 MW windpower 1 MW PV1 MW PV

Investment 2.2 mio €Investment 2.2 mio € 3.12 mio €3.12 mio €

Simple payback period 7.1 yearsSimple payback period 7.1 years 4.7 years4.7 years

Internal rate (IRR) 15%Internal rate (IRR) 15% 24%24%

Employment 23 person yearsEmployment 23 person years 12 12 person yearsperson years

Subsidies, investmentSubsidies, investment 35%35% 35%35%

Feed-in tarifFeed-in tarif 87 €/MWh 87 €/MWh 503 €/MWh 503 €/MWh

Obstacles for picking the low Obstacles for picking the low hanging fruits in Syros?hanging fruits in Syros?

Technical obstacles?Technical obstacles? Economical/financing obstacles?Economical/financing obstacles? Legal obstacles?Legal obstacles? Organisational obstacles?Organisational obstacles? Political obstacles?Political obstacles?

Thank you for your attentionThank you for your attention

More informationsMore informations www.transplanproject.euwww.transplanproject.eu (EPT (EPT

guidelines and Inspiration catalogue)guidelines and Inspiration catalogue) www.energyplan.euwww.energyplan.eu (software for (software for

calculating system balance)calculating system balance) www.europeanislands.netwww.europeanislands.net (island (island

projects)projects) www.planenergi.dkwww.planenergi.dk

How to use renewable energy to rise islands welfare Eksamples from Bornholm and Sardinia taken from...

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