How to Use and Maintain Leyland Cypress Tree in Your Landscape

8/13/2019 How to Use and Maintain Leyland Cypress Tree in Your Landscape

1/9


2/9

Spread: 5* to $* )eet

(rown uni)ormity: symmetrical canopy wit' a regular #or smoot'% outline, and individuals 'avemore or less identical crown )orms

(rown s'ape: columnar6 oval6 pyramidal

(rown density: dense

Growt' rate: )ast

exture: )ine

Leyland Cypress - Foliage:

ea) arrangement: opposite8subopposite

ea) type: simple

ea) margin: entire

ea) s'ape: scale&li-e

ea) venation: none, or di))icult to see

ea) type and persistence: evergreen

ea) blade lengt': less t'an $ inc'es

ea) color: blue or blue&green6 green

1all color: no )all color c'ange

1all c'aracteristic: not s'owy

Leyland Cypress - Structure:

run-8bar-8branc'es: grow mostly uprig't and will not droop6 not particularly s'owy6 s'ouldbe grown wit' a single leader6 no t'orns

0runing re uirement: needs little pruning to develop a strong structure

Brea-age: resistant

(urrent year twig color: green

lanting Leyland Cypress:

eyland cypress trees en9oy bot' part s'ade8part sun and )ull sun & t'e tree 'as very )orgivinglig't re uirements. 'e cypress can be planted in many soils. 'e tree tolerates clay, loam,

sand and will grow in bot' acidic and al-aline soils but still needs to be planted on a well&drained site. "t tolerates droug'ty conditions and is salt tolerant.


3/9

'en planting eyland cypress, remember t'e tree;s mature si3e and )ast growt' rate.0lanting a cypress too close is not recommended.

In "epth:

eyland (ypress grows in )ull sun on a wide range o) soils, )rom acid to al-aline, but loo-s itsbest on moderately )ertile soil wit' su))icient moisture. "t is surprisingly tolerant o) severepruning, recovering nicely )rom even severe topping #alt'oug' t'is is not recommended%, evenw'en 'al) t'e top is removed. "t grows well in clay soil and tolerates poor drainage )or a s'ortperiod o) time. "t also is very tolerant o) salt spray.

Some available cultivars include: ?(astlewellan@, a more compact )orm wit' gold&tipped leaves,excellent )or 'edges in cool climates6 ? eig'ton Green@, dense branc'ing wit' dar- green)oliage, columnar )orm6 ?!aggerston Gray@, loose branc'es, columnarpyramidal, upturned at

ends, sage&green color6 ?Naylor@s Blue@, blue&grey )oliage, columnar )orm6 ?Silver 2ust@, wide&spreading )orm wit' blue&green )oliage mar-ed wit' w'ite variegations. 0ropagation is bycuttings )rom side growt's.

===================================================================

How to Manage and I" #agworm

By Steve Nix , About.com Guide
http://forestry.about.com/od/forestresourceinformation/tp/Tree-Herbicide-Application-Methods.htmhttp://forestry.about.com/bio/Steve-Nix-1392.htmhttp://forestry.about.com/od/forestresourceinformation/tp/Tree-Herbicide-Application-Methods.htmhttp://forestry.about.com/bio/Steve-Nix-1392.htm


4/9

Bagworm Stages

Introduction:

Bagworm can be a serious pest, capable o) rapid buildup and extensive de)oliation. Annualsurveys during )all, winter, or early spring are important to detect in)ested plants be)oreserious damage results.

Trees $ttac!ed:

Bagworms do t'e most damage on 9uniper, eyland cypress, arborvitae and redcedar trees

Identi%ication:

arvae enclosed in cone&s'aped bags consume )oliage. "nsect seldom seen, except 'ead o)larva protruding )rom t'e bag. 'e larva is mottled brown to blac- and encloses itsel) in a bagspun )rom sil-strands. Bits o) leaves and twigs )rom t'e 'ost are incorporated in t'e bagduring its creation. 2uring =une bags are di))icult to see, since t'ey start less t'an 58 > inlengt'. Bags increase to 5 58$> by late summer. Adult males )ly and are t'e only )ormoccurring outside t'e bags. 1emales develop inside t'e pupal case wit'in t'e bag w'ere t'eeggs are laid.

Feeding "amage:

1eeding begins in =une and lasts until late =uly, depending on t'e weat'er. A)ter mid&August,w'en t'e insects are inside t'eir bags, it is too late to control t'e pest wit' insecticides. 'ebag protects its in'abitant securely. Stripping o) leaves is usually most noticeable in t'euppermost parts o) trees and s'rubbery.

Control:

"t is important to treat during mid&=une. Small larvae are more susceptible to insecticides.arger larvae and molting larvae are not easily -illed. "nsecticides wit' some residual are

pre)erred. 0ic-ing o)) and burning bags )rom )all until spring will reduce populations, but istedious. 'e presence o) bags during winter is a good indication o) w'ic' plants need to betreated t'e )ollowing year. One generation per year.

Chemical Control:

Actively )eeding bagworms can be controlled wit' an organic caterpillar -iller product t'atcontains Bacillus t'uringiensis #B.t.%. Garden insecticides t'at contain acep'ate, bi)ent'rin,es)envalerate or permet'rin are also very e))ective.===================================================================

Leyland Cypress and Seiridium Can!er - Seiridium Unicorne "amages LeylandCypress


5/9

By Steve Nix , About.com GuideSeptember 5 , $++C

My eyland cypress 'edge 'as Seiridium unicorne can-er )ungus. 'ecan-er, also called coryneum can-er, is a big problem on eyland cypresstrees. 'e )ungus will destroy t'e cypress; )orm and cause eventual deat' i)not controlled. Seiridium can-er is usually locali3ed on individual limbs. 'elimb is usually dry, dead, o)ten discolored, wit' a sun-en or crac-ed areasurrounded by living tissue. "n many cases t'ere is a gray discoloration att'e point o) in)ection.

1ungal spores are was'ed down t'e tree or splas'ed )rom tree to tree byrain or over'ead irrigation. New in)ections develop w'en spores lodge in bar-crac-s and wounds.


6/9


7/9

Seiridium can-er, caused by Seiridium unicorne , is probably t'emost damaging disease on eyland cypress. 0lants o) all si3es andages are a))ected. (an-ers may )orm on stems, branc'es and inbranc' axils causing twig, branc' or, at least on smaller plants,stem diebac-. (an-ers appear as sun-en, dar- brown or purplis'patc'es on t'e bar-, o)ten accompanied by extensive resin )low. "ts'ould be noted t'at resin exudation o)ten occurs )rom t'e

branc'es and stems o) ot'erwise 'ealt'y plants o) eylandcypress t'us resin )low by itsel) is not a diagnostic c'aracteristic)or Seiridium can-er. Scattered twigs or branc'es -illed by t'e)ungus turn brig't reddis' brown, and are in stri-ing contrast tot'e dar- green 'ealt'y )oliage. 1ruiting bodies o) t'e )ungusappear on t'e bar- sur)ace o) t'e can-ers as small circular blac-dots barely visible to t'e na-ed eye. Spores o) t'e )ungus arespread to ot'er parts o) an in)ected tree, or )rom tree to tree bywater splas' )rom rain or irrigation. 'e )ungus also can be spread)rom tree to tree on pruning tools. ong distance spread appearsto be t'roug' t'e transport o) in)ected cuttings or plants.

(urrently t'ere are no c'emical control measures recommended )or t'e disease in t'elandscape or nursery. Avoiding water stress and tree wounding may reduce in)ection. "n)ectedbranc'es or twigs s'ould be pruned and destroyed as soon as symptoms are noted. 0rune atleast one inc' below t'e can-er, and sterili3e t'e pruning tools between cuts by dipping t'emin rubbing alco'ol or in a solution o) 5 part c'lorine bleac' to parts water. ools s'ould becleaned and oiled a)ter using bleac' to prevent rusting. Severely a))ected plants s'ould beremoved and destroyed.

#otryosphaeria Can!er

'e outward symptoms o) Botryosp'aeria can-er, caused by Botryosphaeria dothidea , aresimilar to t'ose o) Seiridium can-er6 t'at is, scattered brig't reddis'&brown dead twigs and

branc'es occurring in ot'erwise 'ealt'y )oliage. (an-ers on small twigs and branc'es are alsosimilar to t'ose caused by S. unicorne , except t'at extensive resin exudation usually does notoccur. /nli-e S. unicorne , 'owever, B. dothidea may produce long, narrow can-ers on t'etrun- t'at mig't extend )or a )oot or more in lengt'. 'ese can-ers rarely girdle t'e trun-, butwill -ill any branc'es t'at may be encompassed by t'e can-er as it enlarges. 1ruiting bodies o)t'e )ungus, perit'ecia and8or pycnidia, are produced 9ust beneat' t'e bar-, but t'eir presencecan be discerned as tiny raised pimples scattered over t'e sur)ace o) t'e can-er. Spread o) t'e)ungus is similar to t'at described above )or S. unicorne , except t'at ascospores o) B. dothideamay be spread by wind.

Botryosp'aeria can-er most o)ten occurs on plants t'at are under considerable stress, and ane))ective control strategy s'ould include -eeping t'e plants growing as vigorously as possible.

Mulc' plants yearly and provide ade uate water during extended dry periods. Avoid 'eavy)ertili3ation and severe pruning o) establis'ed plants. 0rune out and destroy dead branc'es.F))ective c'emical control is not available.

Cercospora &eedle #light

(ercospora needle blig't, caused by t'e )ungusCercosporidium sequoiae #syn. Asperisporium sequoiae 6Cercospora sequoiae %, is a relatively new disease on

eyland cypress. !owever, it a common disease on specieso) Juniperus , Thuja , Cupressus , Taxodium , Cryptomeria ,Sequoia and ot'er genera. 'e )irst symptom o) (ercospora

needle blig't is a browning o) t'e needles in t'e lowercrown next to t'e stem. 'e disease slowly spreads upward

and outward until, in severe cases, only t'e needles at t'e tips o) t'e upper branc'es remaingreen. "n a general way, t'ese symptoms mimic t'ose caused by severe stress w'ere t'e


8/9

interior needles turn yellow and )all o)). 1ruiting bodies o) t'e )ungus appear as tiny, greenis'pustules on t'e upper sur)ace o) t'e needles or on small twigs. Spores #conidia% are presentt'roug'out t'e spring and summer and are spread by wind. "n)ection usually occurs duringperiods o) wet weat'er.

(ercospora needle blig't can be controlled by spraying wit' copper&containing )ungicides.'ere are no )ungicides registered speci)ically )or t'e disease on eyland cypress, but Eocide is

registered )or general use on ornamentals. Spray plants at 5+&day intervals )rom bud brea-until new growt' matures.

'oot "iseases

wo root diseases may a))ect eyland cypress6 0'ytop't'ora root rot caused by Phytophthoracinnamomi , and Annosus root rot caused by Hetero asidion annosum . 0'ytop't'ora root rotcan be a problem in bot' t'e nursery and landscape, and primarily a))ects smaller roots onplants. arge establis'ed trees in t'e landscape are rarely a))ected by 0'ytop't'ora root rot.

'e disease is usually more damaging in situations w'ere soil drainage is very poor. 0lantswit' severe root damage may ex'ibit a general yellowing o) t'e )oliage and some tip diebac-.0'ytop't'ora root rot can only be diagnosed wit' certainty by laboratory analysis o) a))ectedroots. (ontrol o) t'e disease in nurseries can be obtained by treatment wit' Subdue Maxx.('emical control is not recommended )or landscape trees.

Annosus root rot is usually associated wit' landscape plants. "nitial in)ection by t'e )ungus isby spores on t'e )res'ly cut stumps o) coni)ers, most commonly pine. 'e )ungus growst'roug' t'e stump and its root system and may in)ect ad9acent trees t'roug' root contact. 'elarger roots o) t'e newly in)ected plants are -illed and decayed. op symptoms may include ayellowing and slow decline, )ollowed by deat' o) t'e tree6 or t'e )oliage on t'e entire tree maysuddenly turn a reddis'&brown color. Some trees may )all over be)ore any crown symptomsare present. 1ruiting bodies o) t'e )ungus may )orm at t'e base o) t'e tree, usually beneat't'e mulc' or lea) litter. 'ese are usually small, irregular in s'ape, brown on t'e upper sur)aceand w'ite on t'e lower sur)ace. 'ere are no e))ective control measures once t'e tree isin)ected. As a preventative measure, stumps o) )elled, living coni)ers s'ould be eit'er removedcompletely, or t'e stump sur)ace treated wit' dry granular borax immediately a)ter t'e tree is)elled.

================================================================================

Skaggs: Cypress fungus is usuallycaught when it is too late

#y #illy S!aggs bs-aggsIuga.edu

POSTED: 6ugust 17, 8//9 7:;< p.m.

ver t#e last 8/ years, massive walls o" green #ave been onstru ted a ross t#e eorgialands ape. T#ese walls are not onstru ted o" wood, steel or on rete. %at#er, t#ey areliving walls 2 onstru ted5 using t#e popular $eyland ypress tree.

$eyland ypress is t#e industry standard "or reating a priva y s reen to #ide unwantedviews, mu""le street noise or to simply reate a se luded outdoor living spa e. T#ese treesare "ast growing, ine0pensive and #ave a dense anopy o" attra tive green needles.
mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]


9/9

>n"ortunately, $eyland ypress #as been "ound to be sus eptible to a number o" pestproblems. &" you #ave $eylands in your lands ape, you may #ave e0perien ed a bagwormin"estation or per#aps spider mites. W#ile t#ese an be di""i ult to ontrol, t#ey pale in

omparison to a "ungal disease alled Seiridium an!er.

&n my e0perien e, Seiridium an!er, aused by Seiridium uni orne, is t#e most damaging

disease "or $eyland ypress. 'lants o" all si)es and ages are a""e ted. Can!ers may "ormon stems, bran #es and in bran # a0ils ausing twig, bran # or ? at least on smallerplants ? stem dieba !.

Can!ers appear as sun!en, dar! brown or purplis# pat #es on t#e bar!, o"tena ompanied by e0tensive sap "low. S attered twigs or bran #es !illed by t#e "ungus turnbrig#t reddis# brown and are in stri!ing ontrast to t#e dar! green, #ealt#y "oliage.

Fruiting bodies o" t#e "ungus appear on t#e bar! sur"a e o" t#e an!ers as small ir ularbla ! dots barely visible to t#e na!ed eye. Spores o" t#e "ungus are spread to ot#er partso" an in"e ted tree, or "rom tree to tree by splas#ing water "rom rain or irrigation. T#e"ungus also an be spread "rom tree to tree on pruning tools.

Seiridium an!er is en ouraged w#en $eyland ypress trees are under stress ? mosto"ten t#e result o" droug#t stress. &n"e tion re@uires a wound, but it is also believed t#at t#e"ungus an enter t#roug# lenti els *natural openings on t#e bran #es t#at allow "or aire0 #ange. 6s a result, Seiridium an!ers o"ten appear randomly distributed a ross t#etree anopy, wit# "oliage olor ranging "rom yellow to lig#t tan to brown.

%egular watering during e0tended droug#t does lessen t#e #an e o" disease. &" a row o"$eylands is planted, t#e easiest way to a omplis# t#is is wit# a soa!er #ose. Simply runt#e #ose down t#e lengt# o" t#e row, pla ing it a "ew in #es "rom t#e trun!s. 6llow it to run"or t#ree to "our #ours on e a wee!.

%emember, a soa!er #ose only emits 1 gallon o" water per "oot o" #ose per #our, so youare not using a lot o" water.

6 ording to A0tension pat#ologist ean Williams Woodward, 2T#e one t#ing t#at #as tobe stressed is t#at t#e in"e tion o urred years ago, and it is only now a"ter t#e an!ers#ave enlarged t#at t#e symptoms are evident. T#ere"ore, "ungi ides are not e""e tive in

ontrolling t#e disease at t#is time.5

&" t#e tree is severely a""e ted, Williams Woodward said, 2T#e best ontrol is to remove t#edamaged tree and replant wit# somet#ing else or even anot#er $eyland i" t#at is w#at iswanted. Wit#in a "ew years, t#e trees grow so "ast t#at t#e loss o" one will #ardly benoti ed.5

How to Use and Maintain Leyland Cypress Tree in Your Landscape

Documents

Transcript of How to Use and Maintain Leyland Cypress Tree in Your Landscape