HOW TO SUCCEED IN THE CHINESE HERBAL MEDICINE PROGRAM –

SINGLE HERBS

Colorado School of

Traditional Chinese

Medicine

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Contents How to Succeed in the Chinese Herbal Medicine Program at CSTCM .......................................................... 2

The 3 Source Texts Used in the CSTCM Materia Medica Courses ................................................................ 4

Source Text #1 Bensky .................................................................................................................................. 5

Chinese Herbal Medicine Materia Medica: D. Bensky, DO ........................................................................... 5

Source Text #2: CSTCM Class Handouts ........................................................................................................ 7

The Kitchie Notes: G. Kitchie, DOM .............................................................................................................. 7

Source Text #3: The Contemporary Herbalist: C. Cannon, DAOM ................................................................ 9

Planning for Success in your Studies ........................................................................................................... 11

Appendix A: Visual Breakdown of Study Sections ...................................................................................... 12

Figure 1. Chinese Herbal Medicine Materia Medica, D. Bensky, DO ...................................................... 13

Figure 2: The Kitchie Notes (CSTCM Class Hanouts), G. Kitchie, DOM ................................................... 14

Figure 3: The Contemporary Herbalist, C. Cannon, DAOM .................................................................... 15

Appendix B: About the Authors .................................................................................................................. 16

Appendix C: How to Study and the Student Responsibility ........................................................................ 17

Appendix D: Additional Resources .............................................................................................................. 19

Appendix E: Test Questions ........................................................................................................................ 21

Appendix F: Comparative List of Herbs by Source ...................................................................................... 25

NCCAOM Content Outline Individual Herbs ........................................................................................... 25

George Kitchie Notes Single Herb List .................................................................................................... 30

The Contemporary Herbalist Single Herb List ......................................................................................... 32

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How to Succeed in the Chinese Herbal Medicine Program at CSTCM In studying herbs, there has to be a balance between:

1. Mastery of clinically relevant information and application,

2. The knowledge that is required to pass the national board exams,

3. And all the wonderful extra applications, functions and uses that are part of herbal medicine.

Having a clear understanding of what a single herb does best, and how that herb is different from the

other herbs in the category is essential to be able to use that herb in a clinical setting, whether

understanding it’s use in a formula, how to use it to modify a formula, or even how it could possibly be

used by itself.

The basis for all Chinese herbal medicine is a mastery and understanding of the single herbs. It is not

enough to just know the category of an herb. Its actions, indications, directions/channels, flavors and

temperatures all play a part in understanding the clinical usage and proper selection of that herb.

Understanding these things about each herb and how they are different from every other individual

herb allows the skilled herbal practitioner to be able to select the best or most appropriate herb for a

given situation.

Given that Chinese Herbal Medicine, like Traditional Chinese Medicine in general, is based on the

individual presentation and pattern differentiation of the patient at that time, having the ability to

select the herbs that best matches the patient’s differential diagnosis and treatment principle is

essential.

If your patient has a cough that is currently dry with sticky yellow phlegm, it is not enough to know

that you need a stop cough and wheezing herb. we need an herb or formula that will help to moisten

and nourish the lungs at the same time that it clears heat and helps to transform phlegm while also

stopping cough. This is a very specific set of conditions beyond simply stopping cough. This ability to

fine tune the selection of the best herb is representative of the D&D specificity required for the clinical

practice of CHM.

Quite simply, this is what it is all about. This is what CSTCM will expect and require of you in the

classrooms and clinics. These skills are the most important CHM skills that your patient needs and

deserves from you.

How do I develop into an adept CHM practitioner who has a broad functional understanding of herbs

and who can readily prescribe and adapt formulas in clinic?

The short answer to this is immersion in Chinese herbal medicine on multiple levels. This includes

reading the required texts, integrating the information through multiple channels, and then application

and review. Followed by more repetition and review and then doing it again and again and again.

So how do I set myself up to succeed with mastering the CHM “must know” information for clinic?

One successful graduate of CSTCM and practicing herbalist described that their method was to:

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1. Read the three source texts for the course and take notes in class each week.

2. Then they would write out flash cards with the most important information and carry these with

them so that when they had a few minutes at their part time job, or while walking the dog or

some other free time, they could review.

3. Additionally this person described how they compiled their own materia medica utilizing the

Bensky text, the class notes, and other information found online.

4. This person even utilized a set of audio CDs that contained classic rock songs rewritten with

herbal information as the lyrics (http://herbtunes.com/). When driving to work or school and

back, they were studying and integrating herbal information.

The idea here is that multiple sources and methods were utilized to eventually produce a synthesis

and understanding of the essential components of the single herbs.

Each of you will have to develop your own unique path to mastery based on your learning styles. Please

see the appendix for more ideas on how to study for success and for more resources.

One thing is for certain, it takes multiple interactions repeated numerous times with numerous study

devices to really get this info to stick and more than stick, make it one of the most familiar things in your

life.

THIS PERSON DESCRIBED THAT AFTER THIS FOCUSED STUDY, UNDERSTANDING FORMULAS AND

INTERNAL MEDICINE WAS ALMOST EASY BECAUSE OF THE MASTERY OF SINGLE HERBS.

This understanding and knowledge allowed them to:

1. Understand WHAT each herb in a given formula was doing

2. Understand WHY it was being used,

3. And HOW each of the components worked together to produce the clinical applications of

that formula.

At CSTCM, we have strived to design the courses and selection of texts to help you integrate these

multiple sources into your study time.

The goal is that YOU set the stage so that You are able to achieve clinical mastery of CHM.

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The 3 Source Texts Used in the CSTCM Materia Medica Courses

Each of the following texts have been selected because they either contain something that you need to

know, something that is good to know, or something wonderful that an herb does that may never come

up but is interesting none the less. Careful study, comparison, and use of these texts will help you to

synthesize the essential herbal information so that there is a clear understanding of the clinical

applications and classical attributes of a given herb.

At this level of the program however, it is very necessary to have some focus and clarity on what to

study and how to use each text.

CAUTION!: It is possible at this point to delve a little too deeply and “get lost in the weeds” as we read

about every possible usage and commentary available in these texts.

Due to the limited time we have to learn this material, some guidance is necessary so that your study

time is efficient and effective.

The rest of this guide will give you the focus for each text so that you can spend your time wisely and

gain the most out of the herbal program.

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Source Text #1 Bensky

Chinese Herbal Medicine Materia Medica: D. Bensky, DO

The Bensky textbook is the main text that you should be using to study and learn the herbal materials in

these courses. This text is a scholarly compilation of multiple sources and is considered the definitive

English language text on single herbs in Chinese Herbal Medicine. This is also the source text for the

NCCAOM Board Exams; all single herb questions on these exams will be sourced from this book.

This book however, contains all three categories of knowledge that were mentioned above,

1. “Need To Know” – This is what you Must Know, the core knowledge with the ability to Recite,

Access & Use it.

2. “Good To Know” – Enhances and Supports the Need to Know material

3. And “Something Fun to Know” – Chinese Medicine Herbalist’s Dessert

To make your study time with this book effective it is necessary to focus on specific areas of the text.

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The ABSOLUTE ESSENTIALS that you need to know for each herb entry in the Bensky text are:

1. THE VARIOUS NAMES OF THE HERBS – Latin, Pinyin, Common Names

2. ITS PROPERTIES – Warm, Cool, Sweet, Bland, etc.

3. CHANNELS ENTERED – Liver, Kidney, Spleen, etc.

4. KEY CHARACTERISTICS – What this herb does in a nutshell

5. DOSAGES – How much to prescribe in a given situation

6. CAUTIONS AND CONTRAINDICATIONS – When not to use or when to use caution

7. THE HERBS ACTIONS AND INDICATIONS – What does it do and what do you use it for

THESE KEY ELEMENTS LISTED ABOVE ARE WHAT YOU SHOULD BE READING AND FOCUSING ON WHILE

STUDYING THIS TEXT.

After these sections are the commentary and comparisons sections.

These sections of the text include information that is good to know, but not as necessary to memorize at

this level of study.

Reading about the combinations of herbs and the comparisons for other herbs that are used for a

symptom is good to know, but as the text pulls these combinations and comparisons from across the

whole text, not just the current category, it can be easy to get side tracked as you start to look up, cross

reference, and compare & contrast, maybe forgetting what you were supposed to be studying in the

first place. This is what we mean when we say “getting lost in the weeds.”

The Commentary sections, toxicity, nomenclature & preparation, quality criteria, Major Known Chemical

Constituents, Adulterants, Alternate Names, and Additional product information is all interesting and

helpful information, but these are not the most clinically relevant or NCCAOM Board Exam relevant

items to focus your study time on.

By focusing your study time with the Bensky text on the need to know information, you can make the

most of your study time.

When you have some free time or after you have graduated and are in practice, going back to the other

sections of this text can be very rewarding and provide new insights and connections between the

herbs.

See Appendix A for more information on “Need to Know”, “Good to Know” and “Something Fun to

Know”

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Source Text #2: CSTCM Class Handouts

The Kitchie Notes: G. Kitchie, DOM

The class handouts are a huge compilation of information that has been compiled and sourced from a

wide range of sources. This was a career spanning project from a very devoted herbalist, George Kitchie

DOM, who was a founding member, teacher and president at CSTCM for many years prior to his

retirement. This material contains everything that is listed in the Bensky Materia Medica text and a

huge amount of secondary and tertiary information. These notes are great for when you have the time

and energy to devote to knowing almost everything possible about a given herb. When looking over

these notes, the “Need to Know” information is still here:

The various names, parts used, properties, directions, channels, dosage, cautions and

contraindications and Traditional Primary Functions are all need to know information.

The other sections on cooking, common clinical uses and Notes sections are all great “Good to Know”

information, but again “Getting Lost in the Weeds” can happen easily when going through these

sections.

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The rest of the sections on Pharmacological and Clinical Research, Recipes, and Western Herbology

sections contain great information, but not something that you are very likely to be using regularly in

clinic or seeing on a board exam. Again, focused study time on the “Need to Know” sections will give

you the essentials that are going to be used again and again in clinic and that you will see on your board

exams.

See Appendix A for more information on “Need to Know”, “Good to Know” and “Something Fun to

Know”

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Source Text #3: The Contemporary Herbalist: C. Cannon, DAOM

The Contemporary Herbalist text is a condensed and focused compilation of purely “Need to Know”

information, and is intended as a clinical reference manual. No getting lost in the weeds here. This text

combines the essential information that is found both in Bensky and in the CSTCM Class Handouts

(Kitchie Notes).

This text is meant to be a great study guide to help you focus on the essentials. It is not meant to be a

primary text (that is Bensky’s Materia Medica).

Instead this text should be used to help you when you are reviewing what you have already studied in

class and in the reading from Bensky and the Kitchie Notes.

While not every herb found in Bensky and the Class Handouts is in the Contemporary Herbalist, it does

contain almost all of the Primary Herbs and Secondary Herbs listed on the NCCAOM Expanded Content

Outlines, which is what can be found on those board exams.

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The key is to using this book is in its usefulness as a tool to review the essentials and to help you

become clinically adept with the herbs. It is not as the main text to learn your herbal information.

This text is also great to use as a place to add notes during class or clinic as it can be quickly

referenced and reviewed so that the pearls of wisdom that are found in class or during clinical

treatment can be accessed quickly.

See Appendix A for more information on “Need to Know”, “Good to Know” and “Something Fun to

Know”

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Planning for Success in your Studies

By utilizing all 3 three of your texts in the appropriate way, you can spend the majority of your time

on the essential “Need to Know” information that will serve you well in Clinical Practice both at

CSTCM and your future practice as well as when taking the NCCAOM Board Exams.

Focusing on the “Need to Know” information gives you the solid clinical base that is needed to safely

and effectively practice Chinese Herbal Medicine.

Once you have mastery of this information, it is time to have fun looking at everything else and

getting lost in the weeds.

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Appendix A: Visual Breakdown of Study Sections

On the following pages you will find some visual breakdowns of the different categories of information

that you “Need to Know”, are “Good to Know” or “Fun to Know” for each of the three source texts used

in the Materia Medica based courses at CSTCM.

We have color coded these sections for a quick visual guide to help you understand the sections that we

are talking about. These sections are coded as follows:

Green – Need to Know: Absolute Essential information needed for Board Exams and Clinical Applications

Yellow – Good to Know: Good Information that builds on the Need to Know sections, but not as

necessary at this level of study

Red – Fun to Know: More Good information, but high possibility of “getting lost in the weeds”

Of course, each of these sections may be larger or smaller depending on the text and the herb in

question, but this is a quick guide as to the main areas that this guide talks about.

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Figure 1. Chinese Herbal Medicine Materia Medica, D. Bensky, DO

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Figure 2: The Kitchie Notes (CSTCM Class Hanouts), G. Kitchie, DOM

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Figure 3: The Contemporary Herbalist, C. Cannon, DAOM

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Appendix B: About the Authors

Dr. Dan Bensky D.O.

Dr. Bensky been actively involved in the practice, teaching, and translation of East Asian medicine and

osteopathic medicine for over forty years. His training has included a Diploma in Chinese Medicine from

the Macau Institute of Chinese Medicine (1975), a Doctor of Osteopathy from the Michigan State

University College of Osteopathic Medicine (1982), and a Ph.D. from the China Academy of Chinese

Medical Sciences (2006). He contributed to the translation and editing of Acupuncture a Comprehensive

Text, and to the compilation and translation of Chinese Herbal Medicine Materia Medica and Chinese

Herbal Medicine; Formulas and Strategies. Dr. Bensky is founder of the Seattle Institute of Oriental

Medicine. In 2008 he was awarded the Wang Dingyi Cup International Prize for contributions to Chinese

Medicine.

George Kitchie, Dipl. Ac. & CH & OM (Ret.), L.Ac

George is a graduate of the International Institute of Chinese Medicine where he received his

certification in Acupuncture, his Doctor of Oriental Medicine Degree and a Ph. D. in Traditional Chinese

Medicine. George has done internships in China at Heilongjiang College of TCM and Chengdu College of

Traditional Chinese Medicine, while working on his Ph.D. in Traditional Chinese Medicine. He is also a

certified Diplomate of Acupuncture and Chinese Herbology and a Diplomate of Oriental Medicine,

granted by the National Commission for the Certification of Acupuncturists. He is a past Vice President

of the Acupuncture Association of Colorado, has been an NCCAOM CNT examiner, has served as a

NCCAOM subject matter expert on development of the acupuncture and Chinese herb exams, has been

an educational consultant for other AOM colleges, and has also served on NCCAOM Blue Ribbon Panels.

He has studied and practiced Traditional Chinese Medicine, Acupuncture, Chinese Herbal and Dietary

Medicine and Iridology since 1984. He is licensed in New Mexico and Colorado. He was the CSTCM

School President from 1990 to 2018. He is currently the Director of the Acupuncture Wellness Center in

Denver, Colorado.

Chris Cannon, L. Ac., Dipl. Ac. & CH, DAOM

Chris graduated from Colorado School of Traditional Chinese Medicine in 1993 and completed a clinical

internship at Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Harbin, China. She is a Nationally

Certified Diplomate in Acupuncture and Chinese Herbology through the NCCAOM and is licensed in

Colorado and Hawaii. Since graduation she also was involved in a research study on treating pelvic pain

with acupuncture and Chinese herbal medicine. Chris has also taught various Traditional Chinese

Medicine subjects at other Colorado Oriental medicine schools. She specializes in Chinese herbal

medicine, women’s health care and sports medicine.

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Appendix C: How to Study and the Student Responsibility

When approaching a large and imposing subject like Chinese Herbal Medicine, it is important not only to

put in the time to study and learn the material, but also to utilize a large variety of strategies and

techniques to help the material integrate into the our long term memory. Just going through the

material once in class and reading through the required texts once is not enough to master the material.

Just as cramming for a test will only integrate the material into short term memory, going through

something once will not make it accessible for you long term.

What is needed is repeated exposure and integration of the material in a variety of forms. While

everyone has their own learning style and preferred way to study, it can be helpful to approach studying

herbal medicine through a wide variety of methods to help integrate this into our long term memory so

it is accessible in clinical practice. A recent study on learning stated that we need to be exposed to

material at least 7 times in 7 different formats to truly integrate material into our long term memory. A

variety of methods are outlined below:

1. Create Flashcards (Read, Write, and Say the material Out Loud as you go, consider a color other

than just black or blue that will help them stand out in your mind)

2. Highlight important parts of your text and read them aloud as you study

3. Create and repeat Mnemonic Devices (Stories, Songs, Rhymes)

4. Write your own test questions (What do you think is the most important things to know?)

5. Answer someone else’s test questions (What someone else thinks is most important to know)

6. Create Venn Diagrams of Comparative Functions

7. Create a drawing to explain how the herb works and what it does

8. Create a Materia Medica

9. Record a voice transcript of your text or notes and listen to them.

10. Teach or Explain a concept to someone, explain why one herb is better in a given situation

11. Hold, Smell, Taste, Feel the actual herb while talking out loud about its properties and what you

know about it.

Outside of these methods, the other factor that must be addressed is the student’s responsibility to

devote the appropriate amount of time to studying the material. The Department of Education utilizes

the Carnegie Hour as a baseline, 2 hours of study time for every 1 hour of class time. In studying

Chinese Herbal Medicine, most students will need something closer to 4 hours of study time to each

hour of class time. Given that most of the herbs classes are about 3 hours a week, you are really

looking at putting in about 12 hours a week minimum into your herb studies. You should break this up

into a variety of different methods as mentioned above because just looking at your text for 12 hours is

not the most effective method to retain knowledge.

What is most important is that the time is devoted to study. No one else can study your herbs for you.

You must put in the time and dedicate yourself to mastery. You must think of your future practice and

your future patients, the time and dedication you put in now will pay off when you can quickly and

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effectively find herbal solutions and strategies to their problems. Herbal Medicine is one of the greatest

strengths of Traditional Chinese Medicine, but there are no shortcuts, you must walk the road on your

own, putting in the time and effort necessary to master the material.

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Appendix D: Additional Resources

Herb Tunes – www.herbtunes.com

“In China, herbs and formulas are learned by the repetition of poems and rhymes. In this way

the right brain is engaged, long term memory is considerably enhanced, and the material

learned with great efficiency. If you are tired of the poor results of the cramming method –

which only utilizes the mind’s short term memory capacity – you will be amazed at how well this

works.”

Mu Dan Pi – Yesterday/Beatles

Mu Dan Pi Enters Heart, Liver and Kidney It tastes bitter, cool and spicy It’s Mu Dan Pi – Tree Peony Mu Dan Pi – It invigorates and cools the blood And it’s good for Liver Fire Up It clears Fire from Deficiency Cortex Moutan Radicis

Herb Zoo Cards – www.herbzoo.com

“Don’t Panic! There is a more colorful way to learn individual herbs and formulas. Tie lectures, textbooks (Bensky’s Materia Media and Formulas & Strategies) and your imagination together to learn the hundreds of individual herbs and formulas taught in herbs classes. These cards are beneficial from the first herbs quiz to licensing exams and beyond.”

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Herb Apocalypse: The Game – www.qipapers.com/herb-apocalypse

“Herb Apocalypse provides versatile fun for gamers and herbalists alike:

Party Play: Each player is an herbalist treating patients with Chinese herbs while juggling the ups

and downs of business. Players of different levels, Student, Intern, and Master, can play

together

Solo Play: A single player is pitted against the House, treating patients to collect cards.

Category Gong Fu: A timed memory and sorting game

Includes 54 Illustrated Herb Cards, 12 Sage Cards, 49 Knowledge Cards, 49 Treatment Cards, 29

Event Cards, 25 Category Cards, 16 Blank Cards to expand the game, Mini Materia Medica book

for all 54 herbs, Herb Apocalypse Rules Book.”

Medicinal Herbs Guide – www.herbsguide.net

“Offers information about both Eastern and Western herbs and their medicinal use”

Sacred Lotus Materia Medica of Chinese Herbs –www.sacredlotus.com/go/chinese-herbs

“Online Chinese Herbal Medicine Materia Medica”

Chinese Medicine Herb Garden – www.healthcmi.com/herb-garden

“Online Photo Gallery of Live Growing Plants used in Chinese Herbal Medicine, with some basic

herb functions”

Individual Herb Index – www.americandragon.com/IndividualHerbsIndex2.html

“Online Index of Single Chinese Medicinal Herbs sortable by Pinyin, Latin, Formulas and More”

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Appendix E: Test Questions Listed below are some sample questions pulled from the George Kitchie Notes. Can you answer all of

these questions? You should be able to!

Wind Cold Herb Study Questions

1) A patient comes to you and says he has a common cold. He has symptoms of aversion to Wind and

Cold, mild chills, spontaneous sweat, and is generally weak. The tongue is pale and the pulse is

superficial, slow and weak. The diagnosis would be ______?

2) What is the #1 herb to treat Exterior Excess Wind Cold?

3) What is the best herb to treat a patient who has a Deficient Constitution and Wind Cold?

4) What Diaphoretic herb Relieves the Surface, Calms the Stomach, Calms the Fetus, and is an Antidote

for Seafood Poisoning?

5) What is the primary herb in the Wind Cold category to treat nasal and sinus problems?

6) What is the best herb to treat Wind Cold in the summer? This herb is called the "Ma Huang of

Summer".

7) What herb is used a lot to reduce the toxic effect of other herbs?

8) What herb is especially good for a facial/frontal headache and is used as a guide to the Yang Ming

Channels?

9) What 2 herbs are especially good for a common cold with pain associated with Damp?

1)

2)

10) What herb is used to treat both Wind Cold and Wind Heat and is an important herb to treat skin

problems?

11) What is an important herb to harmonize the Ying and Wei, promote peripheral circulation, and open

Heart Yang?

12) A patient comes to you saying that she thinks she is coming down with a cold. She has symptoms of

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severe chills, aversion to Wind and Cold, no sweat, slight cough and a slight sore throat. Her tongue is

moist with a thin white coat and her pulse is superficial and tight. What are the 2 main herbs to use in a

formula to treat this condition?

1)

2)

13) What is the dosage for Radix Asarii (Xi Xin)?

14) What are the energetic directions for Radix Angelicae Dahuricae (Bai Zhi)?

15) A patient comes to you saying that she thinks she is coming down with a cold. She has symptoms of

severe chills, aversion to Wind and Cold, no sweat, slight cough and a slight sore throat. Her tongue is

moist with a thin white coat and her pulse is superficial and tight. What are the 2 main herbs to use in a

formula to treat this condition?

1)

2)

16) Generally speaking, a Pungent and Cold herb would have what function/action (1) and be indicated to

treat what kind of problem (2)?

1)

2)

17) Which herb is not in the same category as the rest? Ephedra (Ma Huang), Magnolia Flower (Xin Yi

Hua), Angelica Bai Zhi, Asarum (Xi Xin), Arctium (Niu Bang Zi), Siler (Fang Feng) .

18) What herb Relieves Exterior Wind Cold, Dissipates Water Accumulation, Warms the Lung, Spleen

and Stomach, Improves Digestion, Reduces Toxic Side Effects of other Herbs, Stops Vomit, and is an

Expectorant ?

19) What herb is often used with Ephedra (Ma Huang) to counteract Ma Huang's Dispersing and

Warming nature, to Clear Heat in the Lung, Disperse Lung Qi, and treat asthma?

20) Herbs in the Clear Heat and Quell Fire category usually treat Heat in what level of the 4 Levels (1)

and what stage of the 6 Stages (2)?

1)

2)

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21) Easily attacked by a surface condition, the Wei Qi reacts less strong, the pores could be open or

slightly open, with slight sweating, and a superficial tight pulse. This would best describe __

_?

22) Why does a person with a surface condition get chills and Aversion to Wind and Cold?

230 Why does a person with a surface condition get a superficial pulse?

24) The best herb to treat a patient with pre-existing Internal Cold and is attacked by External Cold would

be _? This herb is also used to treat Shaoyin Stage Cold.

25) Radix Notopterygii (Qiang Huo) has 2 cautions, not for Exterior Deficiency and _

__?

26) What is the typical dosage for Ramulus Cinnamomi (Gui Zhi)?

27) What is the best herb to use on a patient who has Wind Cold with Wind as a predominant factor?

28) Herba Ephedrae (Ma Huang) has many cautions. 1 of the most common side effects is _

__?

29) What Channels does Fang Feng (Radix Ledebouriellae Sesloidis) affect?

30) What are the cautions/contraindications for Gui Zhi (Ramulus Cinnamomi)?

31) What herb in the Wind Cold category has been mentioned in the FDA aristolochic acid controversy?

32) What herbs in the Wind Cold category are used to treat both Wind Cold and Wind Heat?

33) What are the taste and temperature characteristics for Qiang Huo (Rhizoma or Radix Notopterygii)?

34) What are the cooking instructions for Xin Yi Hua (Flos Magnoliae Liliflorae)?

35) What are the cautions/contraindications for Xi Xin (Radix or Rhizoma Asari)?

36) What herb is stronger to Relieve the Surface and Dispel Wind, Jing Jie or Zi Su Ye?

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37) What herb is often paired with Fang Feng to release the surface?

38) According to Bensky, what is the best herb for vertex headache; for back of head headache; for

frontal headache?

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Appendix F: Comparative List of Herbs by Source

NCCAOM Content Outline Individual Herbs 1. Ai Ye (Artemisiae Argyi

Folium)

2. Ba Ji Tian (Morindae

officinalis Radix)

3. Bai Bu (Stemonae

Radix)

4. Bai Bian Dou (Lablab

Semen album)

5. Bai Dou Kou (Amomi

Fructus Rotundus)

6. Bai Guo (Ginkgo

Semen)

7. Bai He (Lilii Bulbus)

8. Bai Hua She

(Agkistrodon/Bungarus)

9. Bai Hua She She Cao

(Oldenlandiae Herba)

10. Bai Ji (Bletillae

Rhizoma)

11. Bai Jiang Cao

(Patriniae Herba)

12. Bai Jie Zi (Sinapis

Semen)

13. Bai Mao Gen

(Imperatae Rhizoma)

14. Bai Qian (Cynanchi

stauntonii Rhizoma)

15. Bai Shao (Paeoniae

Radix alba)

16. Bai Tou Weng

(Pulsatillae Radix)

17. Bai Wei (Cynanchi

atrati Radix)

18. Bai Xian Pi (Dictamni

Cortex)

19. Bai Zhi (Angelicae

dahuricae Radix)

20. Bai Zhu (Atractylodis

macrocephalae

Rhizoma)

21. Bai Zi Ren (Platycladi

Semen)

22. Ban Lan Gen

(Isatidis/Baphicacanthis

Radix)

23. Ban Xia (Pinelliae

Rhizoma)

24. Bi Ba (Piperis longi

Fructus)

25. Bi Xie (Dioscoreae

hypoglaucae Rhizoma)

26. Bian Xu (Polygoni

avicularis Herba)

27. Bie Jia (Trionycis

Carapax)

28. Bo He (Menthae

haplocalycis Herba)

29. Bu Gu Zhi (Psoraleae

Fructus)

30. Cang Er Zi (Xanthii

Fructus)

31. Cang Zhu (Atractylodis

Rhizoma)

32. Cao Dou Kou (Alpiniae

katsumadai Semen)

33. Cao Guo (Tsaoko

Fructus)

34. Cao Wu (Aconiti

kusnezoffii Radix)

35. Ce Bai Ye (Platycladi

Cacumen)

36. Chai Hu (Bupleuri

Radix)

37. Chan Tui (Cicadae

Periostracum)

38. Che Qian Zi

(Plantaginis Semen)

39. Chen Pi (Citri

reticulatae Pericarpium)

40. Chen Xiang (Aquilariae

Lignum resinatum)

41. Chi Shao (Paeoniae

Radix rubra)

42. Chi Shi Zhi

(Halloysitum rubrum)

43. Chuan Bei Mu

(Fritillariae cirrhosae

Bulbus)

44. Chuan Lian Zi

(Toosendan Fructus)

45. Chuan Niu Xi

(Cyathulae Radix)

46. Chuan Xiong

(Chuanxiong Rhizoma)

47. Chun Pi (Ailanthi

Cortex)

48. Ci Ji Li (Tribuli Fructus)

49. Ci Shi (Magnetitum)

50. Da Fu Pi (Arecae

Pericarpium)

51. Da Huang (Rhei Radix

et Rhizoma)

52. Da Ji (Herba seu Radix

Cirsii Japonici)

53. Da Zao (Jujubae

Fructus)

54. Dai Zhe Shi

(Haematitum)

55. Dan Dou Chi (Sojae

Semen preparatum)

56. Dan Nan Xing

(Arisaema Rhizoma

cum Bile)

57. Dan Shen (Salviae

miltiorrhizae Radix)

58. Dan Zhu Ye (Lophateri

Herba)

59. Dang Gui (Angelicae

sinensis Radix)

60. Dang Shen

(Codonopsis Radix)

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26

61. Deng Xin Cao (Junci

Medulla)

62. Di Fu Zi (Kochiae

Fructus)

63. Di Gu Pi (Lycii Cortex)

64. Di Long (Pheretima)

65. Di Yu (Sanguisorbae

Radix)

66. Ding Xiang (Caryophylli

Flos)

67. Dong Chong Xia Cao

(Cordyceps)

68. Dong Gua Zi

(Benincasae Semen)

69. Dong Kui Zi (Malvae

Fructus)

70. Du Huo (Angelicae

pubescentis Radix)

71. Du Zhong (Eucommiae

Cortex)

72. E Jiao (Asini Corii

Colla)

73. E Zhu (Curcumae

Rhizoma)

74. Fan Xie Ye (Sennae

Folium)

75. Fang Feng

(Saposhnikoviae Radix)

76. Fo Shou (Citri

sarcodactylis Fructus)

77. Fu Ling (Poria)

78. Fu Pen Zi (Rubi

Fructus)

79. Fu Shen (Poriae

Sclerotium pararadicis)

80. Fu Xiao Mai (Tritici

Fructus Levis)

81. Fu Zi (Aconiti Radix

lateralis)

82. Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae

Radix)

83. Gan Jiang (Zingiberis

Rhizoma)

84. Gao Ben (Ligustici

Rhizoma)

85. Gao Liang Jiang

(Alpiniae officinarum

Rhizoma)

86. Ge Gen (Puerariae

Radix)

87. Gou Ji (Cibotii

Rhizoma)

88. Gou Qi Zi (Lycii

Fructus)

89. Gou Teng (Uncariae

Ramulus cum Uncus)

90. Gu Sui Bu (Drynariae

Rhizoma)

91. Gu Ya (Setariae

Fructus germinatus)

92. Gua Lou (Trichosanthis

Fructus)

93. Gua Lou Pi

(Trichosanthis

Pericarpium)

94. Gua Lou Ren

(Trichosanthis Semen)

95. Gui Ban (Testudinis

Plastri)

96. Gui Ban Jiao

(Testudinis Plastri

Colla)

97. Gui Zhi (Cinnamomi

Ramulus)

98. Hai Piao Xiao (Sepia

Endoconcha)

99. Hai Tong Pi (Erythrinae

Cortex)

100. Hai Zao (Sargassum)

101. Han Fang Ji

(Stephaniae tetrandrae

Radix)

102. Han Lian Cao (Ecliptae

Herba)

103. He Huan Pi (Albiziae

Cortex)

104. He Shou Wu (Polygoni

multiflori Radix)

105. He Ye (Nelumbinis

Folium)

106. He Zi (Chebulae

Fructus)

107. Hei Zhi Ma (Sesami

Semen nigrum)

108. Hong Hua (Carthami

Flos)

109. Hou Po (Magnoliae

officinalis Cortex)

110. Hu Jiao (Piperis

Fructus)

111. He Tao Ren (Juglandis

Semen)

112. Hua Jiao (Zanthoxyli

Pericarpium)

113. Hua Shi (Talcum)

114. Huai Mi (Sophorae Flos

immaturus)

115. Huai Niu Xi

(Achyranthis bidentatae

Radix)

116. Huang Bai

(Phellodendri Cortex)

117. Huang Jing (Polygonati

Rhizoma)

118. Huang Lian (Coptidis

Rhizoma)

119. Huang Qi (Astragali

Radix)

120. Huang Qin (Scutellariae

Radix)

121. Huo Ma Ren (Cannabis

Semen)

122. Huo Xiang

(Pogostemonis/Agastac

hes Herba)

123. Ji Nei Jin (Gigeriae galli

Endothelium corneum)

124. Ji Xue Teng

(Spatholobi Caulis)

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27

125. Jiang Huang

(Curcumae longae

Rhizoma)

126. Jie Geng (Platycodi

Radix)

127. Jin Yin Hua (Lonicerae

Flos)

128. Jin Ying Zi (Rosae

laevigatae Fructus)

129. Jing Jie (Schizonepetae

Herba)

130. Jing Mi (Oryzae

Semen)

131. Ju Hong (Citri

reticulatae Exocarpium

rubrum)

132. Ju Hua (Chyrsanthemi

Flos)

133. Jue Ming Zi (Cassia

Semen)

134. Ku Shen (Sophorae

flavescentis Radix)

135. Kuan Dong Hua

(Farfarae Flos)

136. Lai Fu Zi (Raphani

Semen)

137. Lian Qiao (Forsythia

Fructus)

138. Lian Xu (Nelumbinis

Stamen)

139. Lian Zi (Nelumbinis

Semen)

140. Long Dan Cao

(Gentianae Radix)

141. Long Gu (Fossilia Ossis

Mastodi)

142. Long Yan Rou (Longan

Arillus)

143. Lu Dou (Phaseoli

Semen)

144. Lu Gen (Phragmitis

Rhizoma)

145. Lu Hui (Aloe)

146. Lu Jiao Jiao (Cervi

Cornus Colla)

147. Lu Rong (Cervi Cornu

pantotrichum)

148. Ma Bo

(Lasiosphaera/Calvatia)

149. Ma Huang (Ephedrae

Herba)

150. Mai Men Dong

(Ophiopogonis Radix)

151. Mai Ya (Hordei Fructus

germinatus)

152. Man Jing Zi (Viticis

Fructus)

153. Mang Xiao (Natrii

Sulfas)

154. Mei Gui Hua (Rosae

rugosae Flos)

155. Mo Yao (Myrrha)

156. Mu Dan Pi (Moutan

Cortex)

157. Mu Gua (Chaenomelis

Fructus)

158. Mu Li (Ostreae

Concha)

159. Mu Tong (Akebiae

Caulis)

160. Mu Xiang (Aucklandiae

Radix)

161. Mu Zei (Equiseti

hiemalis Herba)

162. Niu Bang Zi (Arctii

Fructus)

163. Niu Huang (Bovis

Calculus)

164. Nu Zhen Zi (Ligustri

Lucidi Fructus)

165. Ou Jie (Nelumbinis

Nodus Rhizomatis)

166. Pao Jiang (Zingiberis

Rhizoma preparatum)

167. Pi Pa Ye (Eriobotryae

Folium)

168. Pu Gong Ying

(Taraxaci Herba)

169. Pu Huang (Typhae

Pollen)

170. Qian Cao (Rubiae

Radix)

171. Qian Hu (Peucedani

Radix)

172. Qian Shi (Euryales

Semen)

173. Qiang Huo

(Notopterygii Rhizoma

Seu Radix)

174. Qin Jiao (Gentianae

macrophyllae Radix)

175. Qin Pi (Fraxini Cortex)

176. Qing Pi (Citri reticulatae

viride Pericarpium)

177. Qing Hao (Artemisiae

annuae Herba)

178. Qu Mai (Dianthi Herba)

179. Ren Shen (Ginseng

Radix)

180. Rou Cong Rong

(Cistanches Herba)

181. Rou Dou Kou

(Myristicae Semen)

182. Rou Gui (Cinnamomi

Cortex)

183. Ru Xiang (Olibanum)

184. San Leng (Sparganii

Rhizoma)

185. San Qi (Notoginseng

Radix)

186. Sang Bai Pi (Mori

Cortex)

187. Sang Ji Sheng (Taxilli

Herba)

188. Sang Piao Xiao

(Mantidis Ootheca)

189. Sang Shen (Mori

Fructus)

190. Sang Ye (Mori Folium)

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28

191. Sang Zhi (Mori

Ramulus)

192. Sha Ren (Amomi

Fructus)

193. Sha Shen

(Glehniae/Adenophorae

Radix)

194. Sha Yuan Ji Li

(Astragali complanati

Semen)

195. Shan Dou Gen

(Sophorae tonkinensis

Radix)

196. Shan Yao (Dioscoreae

Rhizoma)

197. Shan Zha (Crataegi

Fructus)

198. Shan Zhu Yu (Corni

Fructus)

199. She Chuang Zi (Cnidii

Fructus)

200. She Gan

(Belamcandae

Rhizoma)

201. Shen Qu (Massa

medicata Fermantata)

202. Sheng Di Huang

(Rehmanniae Radix)

203. Sheng Jiang (Zingiberis

Rhizoma recens)

204. Sheng Jiang Pi

(Zingiberis Rhizomatis

Cortex)

205. Sheng Ma (Cimicifugae

Rhizoma)

206. Shi Chang Pu (Acori

tatarinowii Rhizoma)

207. Shi Gao (Gypsum

fibrosum)

208. Shi Hu (Dendrobii

Herba)

209. Shi Jue Ming (Haliotidis

Concha)

210. Shi Wei (Pyrrosiae

Folium)

211. Shu Di Huang

(Rehmanniae Radix

preparata)

212. Shui Niu Jiao (Bubali

Cornu)

213. Suan Zao Ren (Ziziphi

spinosae Semen)

214. Suo Yang (Cynomorii

Herba)

215. Tai Zi Shen

(Pseudostellariae

Radix)

216. Tan Xiang (Santi albi

Lignum)

217. Tao Ren (Persicae

Semen)

218. Tian Hua Fen

(Trichosanthis Radix)

219. Tian Ma (Gastrodiae

Rhizoma)

220. Tian Men Dong

(Asparagi Radix)

221. Tian Nan Xing

(Arisaematis Rhizoma)

222. Tong Cao

(Tetrapanacis Medulla)

223. Tu Fu Ling (Smilacis

glabrae Rhizoma)

224. Tu Si Zi (Cuscutae

Semen)

225. Wang Bu Liu Xing

(Vaccariae Semen)

226. Wei Ling Xian

(Clematidis Rhizoma)

227. Wu Jia Pi

(Acanthopanacis

Cortex)

228. Wu Mei (Mume

Fructus)

229. Wu Wei Zi

(Schisandrae Fructus)

230. Wu Yao (Linderae

Radix)

231. Wu Zhu Yu (Evodiae

Fructus)

232. Xi Xian Cao

(Siegesbeckiae Herba)

233. Xi Yang Shen (Panacis

Quinquefolii Radix)

234. Xia Ku Cao (Prunellae

Spica)

235. Xian He Cao

(Agrimoniae Herba)

236. Xian Mao (Curculiginis

Rhizoma)

237. Xiang Fu (Cyperi

Rhizoma)

238. Xiang Ru (Moslae

Herba)

239. Xiao Hui Xiang

(Foeniculi Fructus)

240. Xiao Ji (Cirsii Herba)

241. Xie Bai (Allii

macrostemi Bulbus)

242. Xin Yi Hua (Magnoliae

Flos)

243. Xing Ren (Armeniacae

Semen)

244. Xu Duan (Dipsaci

Radix)

245. Xuan Fu Hua (Inulae

Flos)

246. Xuan Shen

(Scrophulariae Radix)

247. Yan Hu Suo (Corydalis

Rhizoma)

248. Ye Jiao Teng (Polygoni

multiflori Caulis)

249. Ye Ju Hua

(Chrysanthemi indici

Flos)

250. Yi Mu Cao (Leonuri

Herba)

251. Yi Tang (Maltosum)

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29

252. Yi Yi Ren (Coicis

Semen)

253. Yi Zhi Ren (Alpiniae

oxyphyllae Fructus)

254. Yin Chen (Artemisiae

scopariae Herba)

255. Yin Yang Huo (Epimedii

Herba)

256. Yu Jin (Curcumae

Radix)

257. Yu Xing Cao

(Houttuyniae Herba)

258. Yuan Zhi (Polygalae

Radix)

259. Ze Lan (Lycopi Herba)

260. Ze Xie (Alismatis

Rhizoma)

261. Zhe Bei Mu (Fritillariae

thunbergii Bulbus)

262. Zhen Zhu (Margarita)

263. Zhi Gan Cao

(Glycyrrhizae Radix

preparata)

264. Zhi Ke (Aurantii

Fructus)

265. Zhi Mu (Anemarrhenae

Radix)

266. Zhi Shi (Aurantii

Fructus immaturus)

267. Zhi Zi (Gardeniae

Fructus)

268. Zhu Ling (Polyporus)

269. Zhu Ru (Bambusae

Caulis in taeniam)

270. Zi Su Ye (Perillae

Folium)

271. Zi Su Zi (Perillae

Fructus)

272. Zi Wan (Asteris Radix)

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George Kitchie Notes Single Herb List 1) (Bai) Bian Dou 2) (Chuan) Bei Mu 3) (Han) Fang Ji 4) (Xiao)Hui Xiang 5) (Zhi) (Sheng) 6) (Zhi) Fu Zi 7) Ai Ye 8) Ba Dou 9) Ba Ji Tian 10) Bai Bu 11) Bai Dou Kou 12) Bai Hua She She Cao 13) Bai Ji 14) Bai Jiang Cao 15) Bai Jie Zi 16) Bai Mao Gen 17) Bai Qian 18) Bai Shao (Yao) 19) Bai Tou Weng 20) Bai Wei 21) Bai Xian Pi 22) Bai Zhi 23) Bai Zhu 24) Ban Bian Lian 25) Ban Lan Gen 26) Ban Zhi Lian 27) Bei Xie 28) Bian Xu 29) Bo He 30) Bu Gu Zhi 31) Cang Er Zi 32) Cang Zhu 33) Cao Dou Kou 34) Cao Guo 35) Ce Bai Ye 36) Chai Hu 37) Chan Tui 38) Chao Mai Ya 39) Che Qian Zi 40) Chen Pi 41) Chen Xiang 42) Chi Xiao Dou 43) Chuan Lian Zi 44) Chuan Xin Lian 45) Ci Wu Jia 46) Cong Bai

47) Da Fu Pi 48) Da Huang 49) Da Ji - Jing Da Ji -

Hong Da Ji 50) Da Qing Ye 51) Da Zao / Hong Zao /

Nan Zao 52) Dan Dou Chi 53) Dan Nan Xing 54) Dan Zhu Ye 55) Dang Gui 56) Dang Shen 57) Deng Xin Cao 58) Di Fu Zi 59) Di Gu Pi 60) Di Yu 61) Ding Xiang 62) Du Huo 63) Du Zhong 64) E Bu Shi Cao / Shi Hu

Sui 65) E Jiao 66) Fan Xie Ye 67) Fang Feng 68) Feng Mi 69) Fo Shou (Gan) 70) Fu Ling 71) Fu Ping 72) Fu Shen 73) Gan Cao 74) Gan Jiang 75) Gao Ben 76) Gao Liang Jiang 77) Ge Gen 78) Ge Jie 79) Gou Ji 80) Gou Qi Zi 81) Gu Sui Bu 82) Gu Ya 83) Gua Luo 84) Gua Luo Pi 85) Gua Luo Zi/Ren 86) Guan Zhong 87) Gui Zhi 88) Hai Dai 89) Hai Feng Teng

90) Hai Ge Ke 91) Hai Jin Sha 92) Hai Long 93) Hai Ma 94) Hai Tong Pi 95) Hai Zao 96) He Shou Wu 97) He Ye 98) Hong Teng 99) Hou Po

100) Hu Gu 101) Hu Lu Ba 102) Hu Tao Ren 103) Hu Zhang 104) Hua Jiao / Chuan Jiao 105) Hua Shi 106) Huai Hua (Mi) 107) Huai Jiao 108) Huang Bai 109) Huang Jing 110) Huang Lian 111) Huang Qi 112) Huang Qin 113) Huang Yao Zi 114) Huo Ma Ren - Ma Zi

Ren 115) Huo Xiang 116) Ji Nei Jin 117) Jiang Xiang/ 118) Jiang Zhen Xiang 119) Jie Geng 120) Jin Qian Cao 121) Jin Yin Hua 122) Jing Jie 123) Ju He 124) Ju Hua 125) Jue Ming Zi 126) Ku Shen 127) Kuan Dong Hua 128) Kun Bu 129) Lai Fu Zi 130) Lao Guan Cao 131) Lian Fang 132) Lian Qiao 133) Lian Zi Xin 134) Long Dan Cao

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135) Long Yan Rou 136) Lou Lu 137) Lu Dou 138) Lu E Mei 139) Lu Gen 140) Lu Hui 141) Lu Jiao Jiao 142) Lu Jiao Shuang 143) Lu Rong 144) Ma Bo 145) Ma Chi Xian 146) Ma Dou Ling 147) Ma Huang 148) Mai Ya 149) Man Jing Zi 150) Mang Xiao 151) Mei Gui Hua 152) Ming Dang Shen 153) Mu Dan Pi 154) Mu Gua 155) Mu He Die 156) Mu Tong 157) Mu Xiang 158) Niu Bang Zi 159) Pang Da Hai 160) Pei Lan 161) Pi Pa Ye 162) Pu Gong Ying 163) Pu Huang 164) Qian Cao Gen 165) Qian Hu 166) Qian Nian Jian 167) Qiang Huo 168) Qin Jiao 169) Qin Pi 170) Qing Hao 171) Qing Pi 172) Qing Xiang Zi 173) Qu Mai 174) Ren Dong Teng 175) Ren Shen 176) Rou Cong Rong

177) Rou Gui 178) San Qi/Tian Qi 179) Sang Bai Pi 180) Sang Shen 181) Sang Ye 182) Sang Zhi 183) Sha Ren 184) Sha Yuan Zi 185) Shan Yao 186) Shan Zha 187) She Gan 188) Shen Jin Cao 189) Shen Qu 190) Sheng Di Huang 191) Sheng Jiang 192) Sheng Ma 193) Shi Di 194) Shi Gao 195) Shi Nan Teng or 196) Shi Shang Bai 197) Shi Wei 198) Shu Di Huang 199) Shui Niu Jiao 200) Suo Yang 201) Tai Zi Shen 202) Tan Xiang 203) Tian Hua Fen 204) Tian Nan Xing 205) Ting Li Zi 206) Tong Cao 207) Tu Fu Ling 208) Tu Si Zi 209) Wei Ling Xian 210) Wu Jia Pi 211) Wu Shao She 212) Wu Yao 213) Wu Zhu Yu 214) Xi Gua (Pi) 215) Xi Jiao 216) Xi Xian Cao 217) Xi Xin 218) Xia Ku Cao

219) Xian Mao 220) Xiang Fu 221) Xiang Ru 222) Xiao Ji 223) Xie Bai 224) Xin Yi (Hua) 225) Xing Ren 226) Xiong Dan 227) Xu Duan 228) Xuan Fu Hua 229) Xuan Shen 230) Xue Yu Tan 231) Ya Dan Zi 232) Yang Qi Shi 233) Ye Ju Hua 234) Ye Ming Sha 235) Yi Tang 236) Yi Yi Ren 237) Yi Zhi Ren 238) Yin Chen Hao 239) Yin Yang Huo 240) Yu Li Ren 241) Yu Xing Cao 242) Zao Jiao (Ci) 243) Ze Xie 244) Zhe Bei Mu 245) Zhi Gan Cao 246) Zhi Ke 247) Zhi Mu 248) Zhi Shi 249) Zhi Zi 250) Zhi) (Fa) Ban Xia 251) Zhu Ling 252) Zhu Ru 253) Zi Cao 254) Zi He Che 255) Zi Hua Di Ding 256) Zi Su Ye 257) Zi Su Zi 258) Zi Wan

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The Contemporary Herbalist Single Herb List 1) Ai Ye (Folium

Artemisia

Argyi/Vulgaris)

2) Ba Ji Tian (Radix

Morindae Officinalis)

97

3) Bai Bu (Radix

Stemonae) 128

4) Bai Dou Kou (Fructus

Amomi) 166

5) Bai Guo (Semen

Ginkgo Bilobae) 140

6) Bai Guo (Semen

Ginkgo)

7) Bai He (Bulbus Lilli)

114

8) Bai Hua She She Cao

(Herba Hedyotidis .

9) Bai Ji

(Rhizoma/Tuber

Bletillae Striatae) 27

10) Bai Ji Li (Fructus

Tribuli Terrastris) 171

11) Bai Jiang Cao (Herba

Patriniae) 83

12) Bai Jie Zi (Semen

Sinapis) 155

13) Bai Mao Gen

(Rhizoma Imperatae

Cylindricae)

14) Bai Mu Er

(Fructificatio

Tremellae

Fuciformis)

15) Bai Mu Er (Tremella)

16) Bai Qian (Rhizoma

Cynanchi Stauntonii)

17) Bai Shao (Radix

Paeoniae lactiflorae)

85

18) Bai Tou Weng (Radix

Pulsatillae) 73

19) Bai Wei (Radix

Cynanchi Atrati) 58

20) Bai Xian Pi (Cortex

Dictamni) 74

21) Bai Zhi (Radix

Angelicae Dahuricae)

10

22) Bai Zhu (Rhizoma

Atractylodis Alba) 71

23) Bai Zi Ren (Semen

Platycadi) 153

24) Ban Bian Lian (Herba

Lobeliae Chin

25) Ban Lan Gen (Radix

Isatidis) 75

26) Ban Xia (Rhizoma

Pinelliae

Preparatum)

27) Bei Sha Shen (Radix

Glehniae) 115

28) Bi Xie (Rhizoma

Dioscorea Tokoro)

112

29) Bian Xu (Herba

Polygoni Avicularis)

113

30) Bie Jia (Carapax

Trionycis)

31) Bo He (Herba

Menthae

Haplocalycis)

32) Bu Gu Zhi (Fructus

Psoraleae)

33) Cang Er Zi (Fructus

Xanthii) 116

34) Cang Zhu (Rhizoma

Atractylodis) 167

35) Cao Dou Kou (Semen

Alpiniae Katsu

36) Cao Guo (Fructus

Amomi Tsao-Ko) 171

37) Ce Bai Ye (Cacumen

Platycladi)

38) Chai Hu (Radix

Bupleuri) 27

39) Chan Tui

(Periostracum

Cicadae) 35

40) Che Qian Zi (Semen

Plantaginis) 99

41) Chen Pi (Pericarpium

Citri Reticula

42) Chen Xiang (Lignum

Aquilariae Re

43) Chi Shao (Radix

Paeoniae Rubra)

44) Chi Xiao Dou (Semen

Phaseoli Calcarati)

45) Chuan Bei Mu

(Bulbus Fritillariae

Cirr

46) Chuan Lian Zi

(Fructus Toosendan

47) Chuan Niu Xi (Radix

Cyathulae)

48) Chuan Xin Lian

(Herba

Andrographitis)

49) Chuan Xiong

(Rhizoma Chuanxion

50) Chun Pi (Cortex

Ailanthi)

51) Cong Bai (Bulbus Allii

Fistulosi)

52) Da Huang (Rhizoma

Rhei) 87

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33

53) Da Qing Ye (Folium

Isatidis) 77

54) Da Zao (Fructus

Jujubae)

55) Dai Zhe Shi

(Haematitum)

56) Dan Dou Chi (Semen

Sojae Preparatum)

57) Dan Shen (Radix

Salviae Miltiorrh

58) Dan Zhu Ye (Herba

Lopatheri)

59) Dang Gui (Radix

Angelicae Sinensis

60) Dang Shen (Radix

Codonopsis)

61) Deng Xin Cao

(Medulla Junci) 100

62) Di Fu Zi (Fructus

Kochiae) 101

63) Di Gu Pi (Cortex Lycii)

54

64) Di Long (Lumbricus)

65) Di Yu (Radix

Sanguisorbae)

66) Ding Xiang (Flos

Caryophylli)

67) Du Huo (Radix

Angelicae

Pubescentis)

68) Du Zhong (Cortex

Eucommiae)

69) E Bu Shi Cao (Herba

Centipedae)

70) E Jiao (Corii Asini

Colla) 87

71) E Zhu (Rhizoma

Curcumae)

72) Fang Feng (Radix

Saposhnikovia) 11

73) Fo Shou Gan (Fructus

Citri Sarcodactylis)

22

74) Fu Ling (Poria) 102

75) Fu Pen Zi (Fructus

Rubi) 130

76) Fu Ping (Herba

Lemna / Spirodelae)

77) Fu Xiao Mai (Semen

Tritici Levis) 131

78) Fu Zi (Zhi Fu Zi)

79) Gan Cao (Radix

Glycyrrhizae) 74

80) Gan Jiang (Rhizoma

Zingiberis) 62

81) Gao Ben (Rhizoma

Ligustici) 12

82) Gao Liang Jiang

(Rhizoma Alpiniae

Officinari) 66

83) Ge Gen (Radix

Puerariae) 29

84) Gou Ji (Rhizoma

Ciboti) 100

85) Gou Qi Zi (Fructus

Lycii) 88

86) Gou Teng (Ramulus

Uncariae cum Uncis)

173

87) Gu Sui Bu (Rhizoma

Drynariae) 101

88) Gua Lou (Fructus

Trichosanthis) 142

89) Gua Lou Pi

(Pericarpium

Trichosanthis)

90) Gua Lou Ren (Semen

Trichosanthis) 144

91) Gui Ban (Plastrum

Testudinis)

92) Gui Zhi (Ramulus

Cinamomi)

93) Hai Jin Sha (Spora

Lygodii) 84

94) Hai Piao Xiao

(Endoconcha Sepiae)

95) Hai Tong Pi (Cortex

Erythrinae Vari

96) Hai Zao (Sargassum)

145

97) Han Lian Cao (Herba

Ecliptae)

98) He Huan Hua (Flos

Albizziae)

99) He Huan Pi (Cortex

Albizziae)

100) He Shou Wu (Radix

Polygoni Multifl

101) Hei Zhi Ma (Semen

Sesami Nigrum)

102) Hong Hua (Flos

Carthami)

103) Hou Po (Cortex

Magnoliae Officinalis)

104) Hu Lu Ba (Semen

Trigonellae)

105) Hu Po (Succinum)

106) Hu Tao Ren (Semen

Juglandis)

107) Hua Shi (Talcum) 103

108) Huai Jiao

(Pericarpium Zanthoxyli)

109) Huai Mi (Flos

Sophorae Immaturus)

110) Huai Niu Xi (Radix

Achyranthis Bide

111) Huang Bai (Cortex

Phellodendri) 62

112) Huang Jing

(Polygonati Huang Jing

113) Huang Lian (Rhizoma

Coptidis) 63

114) Huang Qi (Radix

Astragali)

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34

115) Huang Qin (Radix

Scutellarae) 64

116) Hui Xiang (Fructus

Foeniculi)

117) Huo Ma Ren (Semen

Cannabis Sativae)

118) Huo Xiang (Herba

Pogostemonis)

119) Ji Xue Teng (Caulis

Spatholobi)

120) Jiang Can (Bombys

Batryticatus)

121) Jiang Huang

(Rhizoma Curcuma Lo

122) Jiang Xiang (Lignum

Dalbergiae Odor

123) Jie Geng (Radix

Platycodi) 158

124) Jin Qian Cao (Herba

Lysimachiae) 104

125) Jin Yin Hua (Flos

Lonicerae) 78

126) Jin Ying Zi (Fructus

Rosae Laevigatae)

127) Jing Jie (Herba

Schizonepetae) 14

128) Ju He (Semen Citri

Rubrum)

129) Ju Hua (Flos

Chrysanthemi) 30

130) Jue Ming Zi (Semen

Cassiae)

131) Ku Shen (Radix

Sophorae Flavescentis)

132) Kuan Dong Hua (Flos

Farfarae) 129

133) Kun Bu (Thallus

Eckloniae)

134) Lai Fu Zi (Semen

Raphani) 174

135) Lian Fang

(Receptaculum

Nelumbinis)

136) Lian Qiao (Fructus

Forsythiae) 79

137) Lian Xu (Stamen

Nelumbinis) 140

138) Lian Zi (Semen

Nelumbinis) 133

139) Lian Zi Xin (Plumula

Nelumbinis) 42

140) Ling Yang Jiao (Cornu

Saigae Tataricae)

141) Ling Zhi

(Ganoderma) 155

142) Long Dan Cao (Radix

Gentianae) 66

143) Long Gu (Mastodi

Fossilia Ossis) 146

144) Long Yan Rou (Arillus

Longan) 90

145) Lu Gen (Rhizoma

Phragmitis) 43

146) Lu Hui (Herba Aloes)

147) Lu Lu Tong (Fructus

Liquidambaris) 56

148) Lu Rong (Cornu Cervi

Pantotrichum) 102

149) Luo Han Guo

(Fructus Momordica)

150) Ma Bo

(Lasiosphaera) 84

151) Ma Huang (Herb

Ephedrae) 15

152) Ma Huang Gen

(Radix Ephedrae) 134

153) Mai Men Dong

(Tuber Ophiogogonis)

154) Mai Ya (Fructus

Hordei Germinatas) 175

155) Man Jing Zi (Fructus

Viticis) 31

156) Mang Xiao

(Mirabilitum) 88

157) Mei Gui Hua (Flos

Rosae Rugosae)

158) Ming Dang Shen

(Radix Changii) 131

159) Mo Yao (Myrrha)

160) Mu Dan Pi (Cortex

Moutan) 55

161) Mu Gua (Fructus

Chaenomelis) 118

162) Mu Hu Die (Semen

Oroxyli) 132

163) Mu Li (Concha

Ostrae)

164) Mu Tong (Caulis

Akebiae)

165) Mu Xiang (Radix

Aucklandiae)

166) Nan Sha Shen (Radix

Adenophorae)

167) Niu Bang Zi (Fructus

Arctii)

168) Nu Zhen Zi (Fructus

Ligustri Lucidi)

169) Pang Da Hai (Semen

Sterculiae Lychn

170) Pi Pa Ye (Folium

Eriobotryae) 130

171) Pu Gong Ying (Herba

Taraxaci)

172) Pu Huang (Pollen

Typhae)

173) Qian Cao Gen (Radix

Rubiae) 36

174) Qian Hu (Radix

Peucedani) 148

175) Qian Nian Jian

(Rhizoma Homalomenae

176) Qian Shi (Semen

Eurayles) 135

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35

177) Qiang Huo (Rhizoma

seu Radix Noto

178) Qin Jiao (Radix

Gentianae Macro

179) Qin Pi (Cortex

Fraxini) 67

180) Qing Pi (Pericarpium

Citri Reticulate Vir

181) Qing Xiang Zi (Semen

Celosiae) 44

182) Qu Mai (Herba

Dianthi)

183) Quan Xie (Scorpio)

184) Ren Dong Teng

(Caulis Lonicerae)

185) Ren Shen (Radix

Ginseng) 77

186) Rou Cong Rong

(Herba Cistanches) 103

187) Rou Dou Kou (Semen

Myristicae) 136

188) Rou Gui (Cortex

Cinnamomi)

189) Ru Xiang (Gummi

Olibanum)

190) San Leng (Rhizoma

Sparganii) 49

191) San Qi (Radix

Notoginseng) 33

192) Sang Bai Pi (Cortex

Mori)

193) Sang Ji Sheng (Herba

Taxilli) 120

194) Sang Piao Xiao

(Ootheca Mantidis) 137

195) Sang Shen (Fructus

Mori) 91

196) Sang Ye (Folium

Mori) 33

197) Sang Zhi (Ramulus

Mori) 120

198) Sha Ren (Fructus

Amomi) 170

199) Shan Yao (Rhizoma

Dioscoreae) 78

200) Shan Zha (Fructus

Crataegi) 177

201) Shan Zhu Yu (Fructus

Corni) 138

202) She Gan (Rhizoma

Belamcanda) 81

203) Shen Qu (Massa

Medicata Fermentata)

204) Sheng Di Huang

(Radix Rehmanniae) 56

205) Sheng Jiang

(Rhizoma Zingiberis

Recens)

206) Shi Di (Calyx Kaki) 22

207) Shi Gao (Gypsum

Fibrosum) 40

208) Shi Hu (Herba

Dendrobii) 121

209) Shi Jue Ming (Concha

Haliotidis) 174

210) Shi Wei (Folium

Pyrrosiae) 112

211) Shu Di Huang (Radix

Rehmanniae Prep

212) Suan Zao Ren

(Semen Ziziphi Spinosae)

213) Suo Yang (Herba

Cynomori)

214) Tai Zi Shen (Radix

Psuedostellariae) 79

215) Tan Xiang (Lignum

Santali Albi) 22

216) Tao Ren (Semen

Persica) 50

217) Tian Hua Fen (Radix

Trichosanthis) 149

218) Tian Ma (Rhizoma

Gastrodiae) 175

219) Tian Men Dong

(Radix Asparagi) 122

220) Tian Nan Xing

(Rhizoma Arisaematis P

221) Tong Cao (Medulla

Tetrapanacis

222) Tu Fu Ling (Rhizoma

Smilacis Glabrae)

223) Tu Si Zi (Semen

Cuscutae) 105

224) Wa Leng Zi (Concha

Arcae) 56

225) Wang Bu Liu Xing

(Semen Vaccariae) 51

226) Wei Ling Xian (Radix

Clematidis)

227) Wu Gong

(Scolopendra) 176

228) Wu Jia Pi (Cortex

Acanthopanacis)

229) Wu Ling Zhi

(Excrementum Trogo

230) Wu Mei (Fructus

Mume) 141

231) Wu Wei Zi (Fructus

Schisandrae) 139

232) Wu Yao (Radix

Linderae) 17

233) Wu Zhu Yu (Fructus

Evodiae Ruta)

234) Xi Xian Cao (Herba

Siegesbeckiae) 122

235) Xi Xin (Herba Asari)

18

236) Xi Yang Shen (Panicis

Quinquefoli) 123

237) Xia Ku Cao (Spica

Prunellae) 46

238) Xiang Fu (Rhizoma

Cyperi) 18

239) Xiang Ru (Herba

Moslae) 22

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36

240) Xiao Ji (Herba Cirsii)

34

241) Xie Bai (Bulbus Alli

Macrostemi) 22

242) Xin Yi (Flos

Magnoliae) 19

243) Xing Ren (Semen

Pruni Armeniacae) 134

244) Xu Duan (Radix

Dipsaci)

245) Xuan Fu Hua (Flos

Inulae)

246) Ya Dan Zi (Fructus

Brucae) 84

247) Yan Hu Suo (Rhizoma

Corydalis) 52

248) Ye Jiao Teng (Caulis

Polygoni Multiflori)

249) Ye Ju Hua (Flos

Chrysanthemum Indici)

250) Yi Mu Cao (Herba

Leonuri) 53

251) Yi Yi Ren (Semen

Coicis) 107

252) Yi Zhi Ren (Fructus

Alpiniae Oxyphyllae)

253) Yin Chen (Herba

Artemesiae Scopariae)

254) Yin Yang Huo (Herba

Epimedii) 108

255) Yu Jin (Tuber

Curcumae) 54

256) Yu Li Ren (Semen

Pruni Japonicae) 94

257) Yu Xing Cao (Herba

Houttuynia Cord)

258) Yu Zhu (Rhizoma

Polygonati Odorati)

259) Yuan Zhi (Radix

Polygalae Tenuifoliae)

260) Zao Jiao Ci (Spina

Gleditsiae Sinensis)

261) Ze Lan (Herba Lycopi

Lucidi) 56

262) Ze Xie (Rhizoma

Alismatis)

263) Zhen Zhu (Margarita)

264) Zhen Zhu Mu

(Concha Margaritaferae)

265) Zhi Gan Cao (Radix

Glycyrrhizae Prep

266) Zhi Ke (Fructus

Aurantii Immaturus) 19

267) Zhi Shi (Fructus Citri

Immaturus Auranti)

268) Zi He Che (Placenta

Hominis) 110

269) Zi Shi Ying (Fluoritum

or Amethystum)