How to retrofit apartment blocks?Evidence-based solutions to support urban

planning and retrofit projects

STACCATO IN SOFIAACHIEVEMENTS AND LESSONS LEARNT

(bottlenecks of bureaucracy and regulations or missing regulations)Sofia, District Oborishte

BUDAPEST 2-3, OCT. 2014

Sustainable Technologies And Combined Community Approaches Take Off

Original targets:

Аmsterdam Noord, Nl - 1180 dwellings Obuda, Budapest, Hu, 986 dwellings Oborishte, Sofia, Bg - 446 dwellings

5 prefabricated blocks of flats – 35 years old; 400 apartments, bad quality and no comfort, low energy efficiency

PreparationInitial project concept •Information campaign (more than 10

meetings in 2008-09)-letters, brochures, leaflets about the project and its expected results•Presentations with experience and good practices from other success stories in Sofia (BHA), analysis of the Housing Law, attempts for housing association creation (prerequisite for access to EU and other Funds and loans)

CHALLENGE 1 – sites, types of buildings

Redirection to monolith old multi-apartment houses

Housing Law –renovation at 67% consensus among owners. In fact the practice is – 100%. Should be changed to 51 % as it is the case in many EU countries.

Institutionalization - housing associations not yet popular

No State or Municipal Funds in support of RE and EE Financial institutions are passive and have no

enhancing policies for RE and EE Co-financing for VAT for investment costs in EC

projects realization – difficult when no planned budget is in place.

CHALLENGE 2 - Legal and financial restrictions

Oborishte created database with multi-apartment buildings with consensus among owners and decision taken for renovation in 2008

Long waiting list of 138 buildings interested to be included in renovation projects of MRD/UNDP and/or STACCATO, or others

4 buildings participate in the competition of the MRD/UNDP in 2009 4 selected for renovation with state subsidy 75% in order to

become eligible (be provided with the needed co-financing), with STACCATO supporting solar thermal collectors

In 2010 – proposed kindergarten No. 60 to be included in the project (municipal budget for EE - walls and windows)

Cherkovna 75 – energy efficient renovation with private funds of the owners: rents from common space, credit (REECL), consumers’ loan

In 2013 - search for other municipal buildings – Investigation the potentials of University Hospital ISUL

Solutions – selection of alternative building types

ESCO – for residential buildings: not attractive for investor?Initial concept: renovation by ENEMONA, an Energy Service Company

No State or Municipal subsidies in place to provide co-finance 65%Agreement with the Demonstration project for housing renovation MRP and UNDP – for the first 3 pilot residential buildings Kindergarten No 60 and hospital ISUL – municipal budget co-financed their renovation Cherkovna 75 – private resources of the owners, credits, loans, rents from common parts of the building

CHALLENGE 3 – co-financing

CHALLENGE 4 – shifts from initial project concepts risky, time consuming, uncertain

Period 11. 2010 -10. 2011

Aleko Konstantinov 216 fully renovated apts. 41.12 m2 solar collectors

Period 11. 2010 -10. 2011

Asen Zlatarov 1113 fully renovate apts. 25.7 m2 solar collectors

Period 11. 2010 -10. 2011

Chataldja 5419 fully renovated apts.46.26 m2 solar collectors

Renovated Kindergarten No 60 and construction of a new wing 64.25 m2 solar collectors

Energy saving measures: insulation on walls, window frameworks, solar collectors on roof for hot water and swimming pool for the children. Independent heating – oil/petrol. Provisional results: energy savings of ca. 60% 2012 (vs. 2008)

Period 11. 2010 -10. 2011

Period 2013-14

Cherkovna 75Fully renovated, 19 apts.52.50 m2 solar collectors

Solar collectors – domestic hot water

ТЕЦ

STACCATO conceptMore than 50% energy savings for

hot water

H2O H2O

Sub heating station for the building

Solar collector

Coiled heat exchangers

Antifreezing, non-poisonpus, heat-conducting solutioin (prilen glycol)

Hot water for all dwellings…......

…......

Water supply

Central heating central

42,8% 53,1% 55,8%

Observed climate data:Heating degree days (HDD) for 2008: 2361 compared to HDD for 2013: 2430

Reduction of energy consumption in kWh/y in the 3 pilot buildings

Savings: About 50% reduced energy bills. Adjusted baseline - 30% higher than the energy consumption of the buildings. Payback period of investment in energy-saving measures - 5-6 years and after that are economized about 50 Eur/ month heating. Reduced bills for heating and electricity in the range of 40-70%. Reduction of 2/3 of the original energy consumption

Tax exemption for a period of 5-7 (class A and B) and 10 years for owners of renovated buildings with RES.

Expected results in residential buildings

A great potential for energy savings and energy management Selection of Hospital ISUL

University Hospital "Queen Joanna - ISUL" - opened in 1936. The hospital performs diagnostic treatment, teaching, scientific, expert and advisory activities.

429 beds, annually treated over 20,000 patients, staff of 992.

Complex: over 30,000 m2 total heated area.

Costs of thermal energy for heating and hot water in ISUL for 2013 Eur 125,000 Eur

Annual electricity costs of the hospital / year exceed Eur 250,000.

106 solar panels with absorber active area - 2.4 m2.

13,500 liters of buffer boilers Integration with existing

substations of the hospital

3 year free maintenance Expected annual savings of

154,000 kWh of heating energy, or Eur 7,000 EUR

Carbon dioxide emission reduction 38,03 tonnes/yr.

Solar thermal installations for hot water

25 kWp, management system, batteries

Photovoltaic system

Roof solar plant

Installed are 105 photovoltaic panels, in total plant capacity 25.2 kWp.

The installation, ‘island type’, provides power to the Hemodialysis Department of the hospital. The supply continuity is provided by a power

management system with storage (gel electrolyte, 548 Ah

Maintenance of the installation for 3 years provided.

Expected effect - annual savings of 49,000 kWh ofelectricity worth Eur 5,500. Carbon dioxide emission savings: 33.47 tonnes/

year.

LED lighting The lights are based on high quality LED technology installed in fixtures designed and constructed in Bulgaria. Five years warranty, reduced costs for maintenance and disposal of disused lamps.For 269 fixtures, 110,000 kWh / year savings expected, Eur 8,000 /yr.

Thermostatic radiator valves – about 800 units installed

Pilot demonstration of innovative technologies – RES Financial models development and implementation

for alleviating the obligations of the owners to contribute with private funds

Interactive model creation among the Municipality, owners, state administration, financial institutions, NGOs and others for housing renovation.

Institionalization –implementation of the Housing Law, creation of ‘home owners associations’, volunteers in support of the renovation and maintenance of common parts of the buildings

Environmental impact – reduction of CO2 emissions. Methodology and technology of implementation. Full cycle of renovation operations and pilot

demonstration of RES realized.

STACCATO – more than energy efficiency

Expected is an update of the National Strategy for Housing Renovation

Awaited is larger budget for the National Renovation Program (NRP, 2014-2020)

Planned is the creation of a Municipal Fund for Renovation of buildings (after the Hu model)

District Oborishte – has experience and readiness to be a pilot administration for similar future projects (currently 3 buildings from Oborishte are shortlisted under NRP)

Project sustainability and continuation