How to Present Information Christine Robson October 25, 2007.
-
date post
20-Dec-2015 -
Category
Documents
-
view
223 -
download
5
Transcript of How to Present Information Christine Robson October 25, 2007.
How to Present How to Present Information Information
Christine RobsonChristine Robson
October 25, 2007October 25, 2007
TopicsTopics
Human Perception- Quick ReviewHuman Perception- Quick Review Presenting InformationPresenting Information VisualizationsVisualizations
Quick Review:Quick Review:Human PerceptionHuman Perception
Stage Theory of Stage Theory of Human Perception & Human Perception & MemoryMemory
Sensory Image Store
WorkingMemory
Long TermMemory
““Short Term”Short Term” Visual information storeVisual information store Auditory information storeAuditory information store Pre-attentive ProcessingPre-attentive Processing
Sensory Image Store
WorkingMemory
Long TermMemory
decay decay,displacement
decay?interference?
maintenance rehearsal
elaboration
Working Memory:Working Memory: Small capacitySmall capacity ~ 7 +/- 2 chunks~ 7 +/- 2 chunks
Long Term Long Term Memory:Memory: Huge capacityHuge capacity
Recall vs. RecognitionRecall vs. Recognition
Two main ways we access memory:Two main ways we access memory:
Recognition:Recognition: when provided with a cue to the information in when provided with a cue to the information in
memorymemory eg. feeling of familiarity, matching, multiple. choice, eg. feeling of familiarity, matching, multiple. choice,
True/False on exams, recognizing someone you True/False on exams, recognizing someone you know... know...
Recall:Recall: drawing the information from memory without (or with drawing the information from memory without (or with
minimal) cues. minimal) cues. eg. coming up with the name for person you eg. coming up with the name for person you
recognized, remembering what command to type, fill-recognized, remembering what command to type, fill-in-the-blank on exams. in-the-blank on exams.
Presenting Presenting InformationInformation
PresentPresentInformationInformation Sibley Guide Sibley Guide
To BirdsTo Birds Lots of DataLots of Data Many types ofMany types of
InformationInformation Yet succinctYet succinct
Train Train SchedulesSchedules
Periodic Table of Periodic Table of Visualization Methods Visualization Methods
http://www.visual-literacy.org/periodic_table/periodic_table.html#
Tables are great!Tables are great!
ChartjunkChartjunk
The interior decoration of graphics generates a The interior decoration of graphics generates a lot of ink that does not tell the viewer anything lot of ink that does not tell the viewer anything new. The purpose of decoration varies – to make new. The purpose of decoration varies – to make the graphic appear more scientific and precise, the graphic appear more scientific and precise, to enliven the display, to give the designer an to enliven the display, to give the designer an opportunity to exercise artistic skills. Regardless opportunity to exercise artistic skills. Regardless of its cause, it is all non-data-ink or redundant of its cause, it is all non-data-ink or redundant data-ink, and it is often chartjunk.data-ink, and it is often chartjunk.
Edward Tufte Edward Tufte The Visual Display of Quantitative The Visual Display of Quantitative
InformationInformation..
ChartjunkChartjunk
Automatic Charts in Automatic Charts in ExcelExcel
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Dog Cat Fish Frog Parrot no pet
Students with Pets
Students with Pets
DogCat
FishFrog
Parrotno pet
Students with Pets
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Students with PetsStudents w ith Pets
Dog
Cat
Fish
Frog
Parrot
no pet
0
5
10
15
Dog Cat Fish Frog Parrot no pet
Students with Pets
Students with Pets
InformationInformationthat mattersthat matters
Edward Edward
TufteTufte
InformationInformationthat mattersthat matters
Edward Edward
TufteTufte
AutomaticAutomatic
PPT ChartsPPT Charts
InformationInformationthat mattersthat matters
Edward Edward
TufteTufte
Without theWithout the
chartjunkchartjunk
Data-Ink MaximizationData-Ink Maximization
Tufte defines two types of ink used Tufte defines two types of ink used to construct a graph: to construct a graph: – data-ink - the essential non-erasable data-ink - the essential non-erasable
ink used to present the data ink used to present the data – non-data-ink - the redundant ink used non-data-ink - the redundant ink used
to elaborate or decorate the graph to elaborate or decorate the graph The Data-Ink Ratio is defined as The Data-Ink Ratio is defined as
the percentage: (100 x Data-ink) / the percentage: (100 x Data-ink) / (Total ink used on graphic) (Total ink used on graphic)
Minard’s Map of Minard’s Map of Napoleon's MarchNapoleon's March
Map by Charles Joseph Minard portrays the losses suffered by Map by Charles Joseph Minard portrays the losses suffered by Napoleon's army in the Russian campaign of 1812Napoleon's army in the Russian campaign of 1812
Lots of InformationLots of Information
Beginning at the Polish-Russian border, the thick Beginning at the Polish-Russian border, the thick band shows the size of the army at each positionband shows the size of the army at each position
The path of Napoleon's retreat from Moscow in the The path of Napoleon's retreat from Moscow in the bitterly cold winter is depicted by the dark lower bitterly cold winter is depicted by the dark lower band, which is tied to temperature and time scales. band, which is tied to temperature and time scales.
Sparklines Sparklines Edward TufteEdward Tufte
data-intense, design-simple, data-intense, design-simple, word-sized graphics word-sized graphics
small, high resolution graphics small, high resolution graphics embedded in a context of words, embedded in a context of words, numbers, images numbers, images
SparklinesU.S. stock market activity (February 7, 2006)
Index Day Value Change
Dow Jones 10765.45 −32.82 (−0.30%)
S&P 500 1256.92 −8.10 (−0.64%)
Nasdaq 2244.83 −13.97 (−0.62%)
VisualizationVisualization
Assembly Assembly DiagramsDiagrams
Protein FoldingProtein Folding
Company Company RelationshipsRelationships
Networks of Networks of relationshipsrelationshipsfrom the webfrom the web
OPEC Ministers and Large Companies
Web topics relating to Web topics relating to autosautos
Honda and Toyota are the most frequently discussed
Honda: fuel economy
GM: New models and future plans
HEV’s and SUV’s: Ford
Visualizing Network Visualizing Network TrafficTraffic
Walrus
http://www.caida.org/tools/visualization/walrus/gallery1/
GrokkerGrokker
web-based enterprise search web-based enterprise search management platform management platform
leverages the power of federated leverages the power of federated content access and visualization to content access and visualization to maximize the value of information maximize the value of information assets for enterprises, content assets for enterprises, content publishers, libraries and other publishers, libraries and other research-intensive organizations research-intensive organizations
– From Grokker.comFrom Grokker.com
Gap Minder (Google)Gap Minder (Google)
Hans Rosling’s 2007 TED TalkHans Rosling’s 2007 TED Talk Software to visualise human Software to visualise human
developmentdevelopment Non-profit venture Non-profit venture
http://http://www.gapminder.orgwww.gapminder.org//
Nuts & BoltsNuts & Bolts
Facebook Causes AppFacebook Causes AppGuest Lecture Nov 6thGuest Lecture Nov 6thSean ParkerSean Parker Chairman of Project AgapeChairman of Project Agape Managing Partner at The Founders FundManaging Partner at The Founders Fund Co-founder of Napster, Plaxo, and FacebookCo-founder of Napster, Plaxo, and Facebook
Joe GreenJoe Green CEO & co-founder of Project AgapeCEO & co-founder of Project Agape founder and former CEO of essembly.com founder and former CEO of essembly.com Chris ChanChris Chan Facebook Causes Application Product ManagerFacebook Causes Application Product Manager Designer and Product Manager at Designer and Product Manager at
essembly.com essembly.com
ReadingsReadings
““Olympic Message System” for Olympic Message System” for Tuesday, in Google GroupTuesday, in Google Group
Chapters from Tufte up on the Chapters from Tufte up on the Google GroupGoogle Group
Exams BackExams Back
If you’d like us to explain your If you’d like us to explain your score on a question, set up a score on a question, set up a meeting (email us)meeting (email us)– Question 1,2,4,6: ChristineQuestion 1,2,4,6: Christine– Question 3,5: JohnQuestion 3,5: John
Our policy on disputed grades is Our policy on disputed grades is to re-grade your entire examto re-grade your entire exam
Grade SummaryGrade Summary
Summary page of all your gradesSummary page of all your grades Please check for discrepanciesPlease check for discrepancies