How to make dirty rivers, lakes and seas clean and fresh

Nualgi, a revolutionary solution for cleaning polluted water bodies

4/25/2013 1 [email protected]

Dr. Didier Kane [email protected] Mr Dermott Reilly [email protected] +44 20 3287 9234

Agricultural Agricultural & &

Farm RunoffFarm Runoff

Urban Waste Urban Waste WaterWater

SedimentSediment RefluxReflux

NLG D K

Rain Spill

NLG

Eutrophication

Our lakes and rivers are organically polluted Our lakes and rivers are organically polluted by many sources of human activityby many sources of human activity


Disturbing facts about water pollution

• Water pollution is one of the biggest global killers, affecting over 100 million people. That’s comparable to global diseases like malaria and HIV. • Approximately 46% of the lakes in America are too polluted for fishing, aquatic life, or swimming. • The Mississippi River carries an estimated 1.5 million metric tons of nitrogen and 0.5 million metric tons of phosphorus pollution into the Gulf of Mexico each year, creating a “dead zone” in the Gulf each summer about the size of New Jersey. • Each year 1.2 trillion gallons of sewage, storm water, and industrial waste are dumped into U.S. water. • Every day, 2 million tons of human waste are disposed of in water courses.

Source: EPA, WWAP, BlackSmith Institute 4/25/2013 3 [email protected]

What do pollutants do to our lakes?

Cyanobacteria algae decay

2

1

3 Bacteria

Deplete Oxygen

4 Fish die by

lack of oxygen

5

Dead fish creates more cytobacterial

algal bloom

6

[email protected] [email protected]


The vicious circle of eutrophication Excess nutrients (N, P, etc.) from

wastewater, fertilizers, etc,

Excess nutrients (N, P, etc.) from


Exponential growth of

cyanobacteria


cyanobacteria

Short-lived cyanobacteria

decays


decays

Organic decay consumes

oxygen


oxygen

Oxygen-deprived fish die and

become organic sediments



Decay of organic sediments feeds bacteria growth


N & P sediment and remain

present in lake


present in lake


Preventing eutrophication






cyanobacteria


decays


oxygen




N & P sediment

and remain present in lake

XX BMP - Best Management

Practices

Nutrient removal from sewage


Reversing eutrophication Excess nutrients (N, P, etc.) from





cyanobacteria


decays


oxygen




N& P sediment


Phosphorus Inactivation using Alum

Dilution and Flushing

P and N absorption by diatom algae

XX


Reversing eutrophication



Exponential growth of cyanobacteria

Exponential growth of cyanobacteria


decays


oxygen




N & P sediment


Diatoms are consumed by fish and do not require harvesting

Algaecides

XX


Algae Harvesting

Reversing eutrophication Excess nutrients (N, P, etc.) from



cyanobacteria


decays

Organic decay consumes oxygen

Organic decay consumes oxygen




N& P sediment


Oxygen release by diatom algae

(photosynthesis)

Hypolimneticoxygenation

Artificial circulation (aeration)

XX






cyanobacteria


decays


oxygen

Oxygen-deprived fish die and become organic sediments

Oxygen-deprived fish die and become organic sediments


N & P sediment


Populate lake with Hypoxia-tolerant fish

XX


Diatoms help native fish survive





cyanobacteria


decays


oxygen






present in lake

Dredging

Consumption of organic sediments by

diatom algae

XX


Restoration method

Ease of use

effectiveness Environmental

impact Initial cost

Maintenance cost

Overall score

Bio-acceleration (diatom algae)

Phosphorus Inactivation

(Alum)

Flushing (Nutrients dilution)

Algae harvesting

Algaecides

Hypolimnetic oxygenation

Aeration

Bio-manipulation

Dredging

Restoration methods comparison


Most effective Restoration method: Bio-acceleration

What are diatoms ?

• Diatoms are photosynthesizing algae • They come in many different shapes • They are commonly between 20-200 microns in diameter or length • The cell wall is composed, for the most part, of silica (SiO2)

N + P+


Bio-restoration: the most effective way to clean a lake

Cyanobacteria Algae dies by lack of nutrients

2

1

4 Diatoms

provide oxygen to aerobic bacteria

5

7

[email protected]

Aerobic bacteria

breakdown nutrients and

organic matters

aerobic bacteria transform nutrients into zooplankton

Fish feed on zooplankton

8 3 Brokendown nutrients are consumed by diatoms

6 Zooplankton

consume diatoms


Most effective way to grow diatoms

+ Diatom

Silica

Iron

Manganese

Zinc

Other minerals

+

Necessary nutrients (*)

Nitrogen

Phosphorus

Potassium

Excess nutrients

+

Nature

Sunlight

Water

CO2

= = X + (*) NUALGI provides all these nutrients


How to provide the right amount of nutrients ?

• Nutrient uptake kinetics for photosynthetic algae, including diatoms is a function of numerous variables (e.g., amount of sunlight, concentration in P and N, temperature, etc.) • The cell wall of diatoms is constructed by silica deposition vesicles (SDV) with membranes called silicalemmas. • Without the proper amount, size and geometry of silicate, diatom cells cannot divide, and its capacity to perform energy producing processes (photosynthesis and glycolysis) are diminished • The already very small (micron-scale) diatoms have tiny portules and chloroplasts in their cell walls where micronutrients are absorbed and photosynthesis takes place. • Nutrients have to be available in nanoscale geometries to be easily absorbed through these portules.


A revolutionary nanotechnology-based solution !!

• Scientists at Nualgi Nanobiotech have developed a

revolutionary solution for diatom regeneration : NUALGI • This patented technology, based on the latest nanotechnology manufacturing methods and years of algal micro-nutrition research, provides an optimum blend of micronutrients on a nano-silica base.

• The incredibly effective NUALGI provides 10 micro-nutrients with an optimum concentration ratio and nano-size distribution to accelerate diatom regeneration


An extraordinarily effective solution : NUALGI

Initial state before NUALGI One week after NUALGI application

Invasive cyanobacteria (Blue-Green

Algae or BGA) throughout

water column

Increasing diatom population on lake bottom, providing Oxygen to aerobic bacteria

Cleaned water

throughout water

column

Decreasing BGA

population localized near the surface


Before Nualgi treatment After Nualgi treatment

In 6-8 hours, DO increased to 2- 2.5 mg /l and in 4 days DO shot up to 5-10 mg/l.

Example of Nualgi use: Vengayankere lake in Bangalore, India


Some projects where NUALGI has restored lakes

• Madivala Lake, Koramangala, Bangalore, India • Croton-on-Hudson duck-pond, New York, USA • Ulsoor lake and Puttenahalli lake, India

Some projects where NUALGI is being evaluated

• Lagoon clams farming project in Micronesia • Newport harbor, California, USA


Agricultural Agricultural & &

Farm RunoffFarm Runoff

Urban Waste Urban Waste WaterWater

SedimentSediment RefluxReflux

DK DK

D K

Rain Spill

DK

With NUALGI

Our lakes and rivers are polluted by many Our lakes and rivers are polluted by many sources of human activitysources of human activity

DK


Other advantages of using NUALGI

• The most eco-friendly restoration method

• Low cost (after initial treatment of 1 liter per acre per week for 2 weeks, a half liter per acre per week for 4 to 6 weeks is usually enough

• NUALGI can be used in a broad variety of applications: • Fish farming • Sewage treatment • Lakes and streams restoration • Aquariums • Biodiesel • Agriculture and horticulture (in spray form)


Thanks to nanotechnology combined with algal nutrition science, the future of water

bodies restoration is now.

Please contact us for more information or to setup a trial of NUALGI

[email protected] +44 20 3287 9234

7 Bath Place LONDON EC2A3DR

UK


mailto:[email protected]

How to make dirty rivers, lakes and seas clean and fresh

Technology

Transcript of How to make dirty rivers, lakes and seas clean and fresh