How the brain adapts to dishonesty - University of Glasgow · How dishonest were you in the last...

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How the brain adapts to dishonesty Law and the whole truth 11 th August 2017 Neil Garrett Princeton Neuroscience Institute

Transcript of How the brain adapts to dishonesty - University of Glasgow · How dishonest were you in the last...

Page 1: How the brain adapts to dishonesty - University of Glasgow · How dishonest were you in the last trial? Increasingly Inaccurate Increasingly Inaccurate. Study Aims Time y 1. Empirical

HowthebrainadaptstodishonestyLawandthewholetruth

11th August2017

NeilGarrettPrincetonNeuroscienceInstitute

Page 2: How the brain adapts to dishonesty - University of Glasgow · How dishonest were you in the last trial? Increasingly Inaccurate Increasingly Inaccurate. Study Aims Time y 1. Empirical

Dishonestyintherealworld

Dishon

esty

Time

“SlipperySlope”effect

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Causesofdishonesty

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Theroleofemotionindishonesty

Schacter &Latane (1964);Dienstbier &Osbourne (1971);

betablockers(reducesemotionalarousal)

Emotionalarousalcanalsobereducedthroughabiologicalprocess:emotionaladaptation

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EmotionalAdaptation

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EmotionalAdaptation

Brieter etal.(1996);Fisheretal.(2003);Ishai etal.(2004)

Adaptivefunction– preventslongtermstatesofarousal

Time

Emotionalrespo

nse

Couldadaptationalsoworkagainstus?

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Aslipperyslope?

Time

Emotionalrespo

nse

Dishonesty

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Aslipperyslope?

Time

Emotionalrespo

nse

Dishonesty

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StudyAims

Time

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StudyAims

Time

Dishonesty

1.Empiricalevidencefordishonestyescalation?

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Causesofdishonesty

X X X

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StudyAims

Time

Emotionalrespo

nse

Dishonesty

1.Empiricalevidencefordishonestyescalation?

2.Empiricalevidenceforemotionaladaptation?

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StudyAims

Time

Dishonesty

1.Empiricalevidencefordishonestyescalation?

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FinancialTask

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Experimenter Participant Actor

Yourtaskistoestimatehowmuchmoneyisinajar

TaskDesign

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YouareTheAdvisor.You

willgettoseealargepictureofeachjarfor3seconds.

Participant=Advisor Actor=Estimator

YouareTheEstimator.Youwillgettoseeasmallpictureofeachjarfor1

second.

YouwillbothbepaidaccordingtohowaccuratetheEstimatoris.

Weshouldworkasateamtowinmoremoney!

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TaskDesign

£30 £20 £35 £28

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TheAdvisorwillgetrewardedaccordingtohow

high TheEstimator’sestimateis.TheEstimatorwillgetrewardedaccording

tohowaccurate hisestimateis.

IfI lieIwillearnmore

moneybutnottheEstimator…

…butifIgive

honestadvicethiswillmeanmoremoneyforTheEstimator.

TaskDesign

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TaskDesign

£30 £20 £35 £28£35 £25 £40 £42

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£20

Dishonesty=£5

QuantifyingDishonesty(example)

£25

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DishonestyEscalation

0

4

8

12

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

Dishon

esty(£

)

Numberoftimesdishonest

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ADeliberateStrategy?

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%Pe

rcen

tage

of p

artic

ipan

tsWhatwasthestrategyyouused?

71%

18% 11%0%

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Areweaware ofourowndishonesty?

-2

-1

0

1

2n.s.

Errorsinre

ported

dish

onesty

(repo

rted

–actualdish

onesty)

Accurate

Howdishonestwereyouinthelasttrial?

IncreasinglyInaccurate

IncreasinglyInaccurate

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StudyAims

Time

Dishonesty

1.Empiricalevidencefordishonestyescalation?

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StudyAims

Time

Emotionalrespo

nse

Dishonesty

1.Empiricalevidencefordishonestyescalation?

2.Empiricalevidenceforemotionaladaptation?

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Experimenter Participant

Howbaddoyoufeelrightnow?

AccessingEmotion

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Accessingemotion- fMRI

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TheAmygdala

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NeuralAdaptation

0

4

8

12

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

Dishon

esty(£

)

Numberoftimesdishonest

AmygdalaresponseincreasingX

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EmotionalAdaptation

-0.40

-0.30

-0.20

-0.10

0.00

0.10

0.20

0.30

1 2

Emot

iona

l Ada

ptat

ion

(Am

ygda

la)

(par

amet

ric b

etas

)

Control Condition

*

n.s.

Dishonesty Condition

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EmotionalAdaptationandDishonestyEscalationDishon

esty(£

)

1 2 3

?

Numberofrepetitionsofdishonestact

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EmotionalAdaptationandDishonestyEscalationDishon

esty(£

)

Numberofrepetitionsofdishonestact

1 2 3

-0.15

-0.10

-0.05

0.00

0.05

0.10

0.15

Self Serving (no effect on Other) Other Serving (no effect on Self)

Pred

ictin

g di

shon

esty

from

ada

ptat

ion

Self Harming, Other Serving

*

n.s.

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SensoryAdaptation

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SensoryAdaptation

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SensoryAdaptation

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EmotionalAdaptation

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EmotionalAdaptation

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EmotionalAdaptation

Page 39: How the brain adapts to dishonesty - University of Glasgow · How dishonest were you in the last trial? Increasingly Inaccurate Increasingly Inaccurate. Study Aims Time y 1. Empirical

CurbingDishonesty

Emotionalresponsesacttorestraindishonesty…

…findwaystoreinstatethese

Page 40: How the brain adapts to dishonesty - University of Glasgow · How dishonest were you in the last trial? Increasingly Inaccurate Increasingly Inaccurate. Study Aims Time y 1. Empirical

Time

NeuralRespo

nse

Dishonesty

Ageneralmechanism?

Whoarewebeingdishonestto?

What“type”ofdishonestyisit?

Environment?

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Time

NeuralRespo

nse

Ageneralmechanism?

Violence RiskTakingDishonesty

Page 42: How the brain adapts to dishonesty - University of Glasgow · How dishonest were you in the last trial? Increasingly Inaccurate Increasingly Inaccurate. Study Aims Time y 1. Empirical

• Adaptationamitigatingfactor?

• Useofliedetection(polygraphs,fmri)incourt

• Ashifttopreventingsmalleractsofdishonesty?

Implicationsforjurisprudence

Page 43: How the brain adapts to dishonesty - University of Glasgow · How dishonest were you in the last trial? Increasingly Inaccurate Increasingly Inaccurate. Study Aims Time y 1. Empirical

Tali Sharot

Thanks!

DanAriely

StephanieLazzaro

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END


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