HOW SAFE ARE SAFES?

HOW SAFE ARE SAFES?

Tomasz Łojewski and Tomasz SawoszczukFaculty of Chemistry of the Jagiellonian UniversityKraków, [email protected]

collection of Emeryk Hutten Czapski, 1828-1896

1854 start of a collectionlate 1850’ Ermitage

Catalogue de la collection de l´Ermitage monnaies et médailles polonaises

1894 Kraków, purchase of a town palace1901 opening of the private muzeum (Elisabeth HCz) 11.000 numismatic objects1903 part of National Museum Kraków1921 re-opened post WWII - temporary exibit. in 50’ 60’ 70’

Project European Centre of Polish Numismatics

numismatics show-room

F.Wertheim & C., Vien, 1896

0.0E+00

2.0E+08

4.0E+08

6.0E+08

8.0E+08

1.0E+09

1.2E+09

1.4E+09

1.6E+09

1.8E+09

2.0E+09

0102030405060

analyses

VOCs:

• historical safe• modern safe• indoor air

• air exchange rate

• sorbents for 3 days, VOCs• plastic and paint analysis

air exchange rate

safe filled with CO2, 72 hours monitoring of c(CO2)CO2 sensor (Vaisalla 0-2000 ppm) + datalogger (Hobo)

measurement and calculation by Dariusz Wilk

AER = 0,34/day1 exchange / 3 days

analyses

sorption tubes

mixed sorbent tubeCarbotrap B, C and Carbosieve sIII (210/140/165 mg)(Anasorb GCB2/GCB1/CMS) SKC Part. No. 226-350 (EPA TO17)1/4x3,5”, glassactive sorption – 15 literpassive sorption – 10 days, room temp., 140 ml vial

thermodesorber and GC/MS

TD: 230CC/10 min, cold trap (-30°C), ramp to 230°C, 99°C/s

GC: Rtx 5MS (Restek), 30°C/10 min, ramp to 250°C, 5°C/min

MS: ionisation 70eV, m/z 33-700

helium flow – 1 ml/min

VOCs – indoor air

indoor-air: wood, BETEX, styreneTIC = 4.0

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

hexa

ne

hept

ane

acet

ic ac

id

tolue

ne

hexa

nal

ethy

lbenz

ene

p-xy

lene

styre

ne

hept

anal

pinen

e

(1-m

ethy

lethy

l)-be

nzen

e

1,3,

5-tri

met

hylbe

nzen

e

octa

nal

m-d

ichlor

oben

zene

d-lim

onen

benz

ylalco

hol

unde

cane

nona

nal

naph

talen

e

deca

nal

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

acet

one

ethe

r, iso

prop

enyl m

ethy

l

benz

ene

hept

ane

tolue

ne

acet

ic ac

id

buta

noic

acid

octa

ne

hexa

nal

ethy

lbenz

ene

p-x

ylene

styr

ene

hept

anal

benz

aldehy

de

octa

nal

VOCs – old safe

indoor-air: wood, BETEX, styreneTIC = 4

old safe:styrene & Co., acetic acidTIC = 57

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

4

4.5

1-pr

opan

ol, 2

-met

hyl-

benz

ene

hept

ane

acet

ic ac

id

tolue

ne

hexa

nal

ethy

lbenz

ene

p-xy

lene

styr

ene

benz

aldehy

de

inda

ne

2-bu

toxy

ethyl

acet

ate

diiso

buty

l pht

hala

te

dibu

tyl p

htha

late

VOCs – modern safe



modern safe:styrene, propanol, BETEXTIC = 14

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

ethy

lacet

ate

cyklo

hexa

ne

tolue

ne

hexa

nal

ethy

loben

zene

styre

ne

n-pr

opylb

enze

ne

benz

aldeh

yde

1,1-

difluo

ro-2

-phe

nyl -

cyklo

prop

ane

2-pr

open

yl-be

nzen

e

acet

ophe

none

nona

nal

deca

nal

benz

oic a

cid h

exyl

este

r

oleic

acid

VOCs – plastic box

passive sampling for 10 days in sealed 140 ml vial




plastic box:styrene & Co.

sorbents





• zeolites (clinoptilolite and others)• bentonites (montmorillonites)• actice carbon

sorbents





tested pollutant: NO2 ,VNO2 = 3 ml, m(sorbent) = 0,32 g

• zeolites (clinoptilolite and others)• bentonites (montmorillonites)• actice carbon

VOCs – old safe with sorbents

200 g of sorbents (type 1 + type 2), 70h



old safe + sorbents: styrene, BETEXTIC = 27



0

1

2

3

4

5

benz

ene

tolue

ne

acet

ic ac

id

tetra

chlo

roet

hyle

ne

n-bu

tylac

etat

e

ethy

lbenz

ene

p-xy

lene

styr

ene

pine

ne

1eth

yl-4-

met

hyl-b

enze

ne

deca

ne

1,2

- dich

loro

benz

ene

D-Lim

onene

unde

cane

nona

nal

naph

tale

ne

deca

nedioi

c acid

, dib

utyl

este

r

acetic acid:with sorbent 1.1 / without 6.0 (~400 µg/m3)

VOCs – oil paint

oil paint scraps, passive sampling

log scale



old safe + sorbents: styrene, BETEXTIC = 27



oil paint:carboxylic acids, aldehydes

collection of Emeryk Hutten Czapski

HOW SAFE ARE SAFES?

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