ADAPTATIONS FOR

RESPIRATIONHow our body allows us to go

through cellular respiration

THE MAIN POINT We have evolved complex organ systems, many of which function to help our body go through cellular respiration

RECALL THE LEVELS OF STRUCTURE Atom Molecule Organelle Cell Tissue Organ Organ System Organism

REACTANT #1

Glucose or other fuel

OUR BODY NEEDS GLUCOSE (OR OTHER FUEL)

The digestive system allows us to absorb nutrients such as glucose, amino acids and fats

The main organs:StomachSmall IntestineLarge Intestine

THE STOMACH Breaks down

food with muscles and acid

Sends it on to the small intestine

(no absorption)

THE SMALL INTESTINE Finishes digestion Absorbs nutrients

likeGlucoseAmino acidsFatsMineralsVitamins

These are absorbed into the bloodstream

THE LARGE INTESTINE Mostly absorbs

water Also some

bacteria break down food that we couldn’t

The undigested material is expelled

ACCESSORY ORGANS Pancreas

Secretes enzymesSecretes

hormones (insulin)

LiverMakes bile

Digests fat

Gall BladderStores/secretes

bile

WE NEED TO STORE/BREAKDOWN FUEL

The liver stores glucose in the carbohydrate glycogen

Breaks down glycogen when we need to make ATP via respiration

Along with many other vital roles

REACTANT #2 Oxygen

Carbon dioxide

WASTE PRODUCT

OUR BODY NEEDS OXYGEN (AND NEEDS TO GET RID OF CO2)

The respiratory system facilitates gas exchange

Examples of respiratory systems:LungsGillsSkin breathing

THE LUNGS

Create an oxygen rich/CO2 poor environment

Oxygen diffuses into blood

CO2 diffuses out of it

OUR BODY NEEDS TO TRANSPORT THESE MOLECULES

The circulatory system transports glucose, oxygen, carbon dioxide etc. throughout the body

Also things like lactic acid

THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM

The heart is a muscle which moves the substances

Arteries carry blood Away from the heart

Veins return blood to the heart

Capillaries are where gas exchange happens