How Minerals Form? .
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Transcript of How Minerals Form? .
How Minerals Form?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eHfO8pmaXMg
From a solution
From Magma & Lava
Minerals from Magma
Minerals form as hot magma cools inside the crust- or as lava
hardens on the surface.
When these liquids cool to a solid state, they form crystals.
http://www.ux1.eiu.edu/~cfjps/1300/igneous_images.html
Size Differences
Cooling Rate
Amount of Gas in Magma
Chemical Composition
DepthMineral crystals vary greatly in size. The photo above shows an
extremely thin slice of dunite, an igneous
rock, as viewed with a special micro-
scope
Magma deep below the surface
Cools over thousands of years
Forms large crystals
Grow by adding atoms in a regularpat-tern
Geodes are formed as gas bubbles in the magma cool
and harden.
Magma close to the surface
MUCH faster
Smaller Crystals
LAVA
Diamonds
Extremely high temperatures and pressures under earth.
Brought towards the surface by explosion.
Explosions form narrow pipes called kimberlites where the diamonds can be mined.
Minerals from Solutions
Solution: a mixture where one substance is dissolved into another.
Elements and compounds are dissolved in water and leave a solution form crystals.
Underground and above ground bodies of water
Mixture So-lution
Evaporation
Water form the solution evaporates leaving the mineral behind.
Ancient oceans evaporating leave minerals beind
“Salt fields”
Hot Water SolutionsMagma heats ground water and the elements/compounds dissolve into the water.
The solution cools and the elements/compounds leave the crystalize.
Often form veins.
The solution of hot water will flow through the crack in between rock and form crystals.
Gold veins in between rocks.