How Important is Pink?

How Important is Pink?

VLE and SocPop

By Jack and Sarah (the village people hunter)

VLE and SocPop Peer Support: Week 2

Pink Facts – what’s in a name?

• Historically these resources used to be provided in pink folders, NOT because it is fluffy.

• In Phase I summative pink made up 23% of the marks• You cannot pass exams without knowing pink• Pink definitions can make the difference between

passing and failing… • The lecturers will actually kill you with fire if they hear

you call it Pink


What is VLE?!

• Values

• Law

• Ethics


What ARE Values?


What’s the Law?

You’ll get told what they are but briefly….• Statutes• Mental Capacity Act, Human Rights Act,

Children’s Act, Mental Health Act, Human Fertility and Embryology Act….there’s literally tens of them.

• Case law• Gillick, Fraser


So finally…..ethics anyone?

Three approaches….three letters….three….?

Ps!• Principles• Particulars • Perspectives




Ps!• Principles - Professional codes, moral

theories• Particulars • Perspectives


Quick aside on principles….

Examples of professional codes?• Hippocratic oath/Declaration of Geneva, GMC

guidance

Examples of moral theories?• Deontology, Utilitarianism, Virtue ethics

What does that mean in practice?• Deontology = Duty• Utilitarianism = the greater good….think Stalin. Sort

of.• Virtue ethics = what would a really good person do?





theories• Particulars – basically, the details of the case• Perspectives





theories• Particulars – basically, the details of the case• Perspectives – patient, relatives,

society….yours


What they expect you to know for SocPop this week….

Medical and social models of health

Key features of each model, including criticisms of medical model

Definitions of health

WHO definition of healthHealth as: the absence of disease, functional ability, equilibrium, freedomWhich definitions are negative or positive


So off you (Soc)pop…..

Break into four groups

Match the definitions of health to the examples – which are positive and which are negative?3 mins

Match the key features of the medical and social models of health and identify the criticisms.3 mins

THEN SWITCH!


The medical model

The dominant paradigm in western health care

The way of understanding and interpreting a problem which is taken for granted and accepted by society to the virtual exclusion of other approaches

Accepted not only by those within the profession of medicine, but by society as a whole

Dominant, but not the only way of looking at health, illness and disease


Key features: medical model

A state of health is the absence of disease (normality). Ill health is based upon pathological changes (abnormality)

Ill health is caused by biological misfortunes

Causes of ill health are identified by signs and symptoms and the process of ‘diagnosis’; to ‘cure’ is to restore to a healthy (normal) state

Medical knowledge is exclusionary, i.e. the job of experts

The medical model of health is disease orientated and concerned with pathology; i.e. focuses on the individual


Criticisms: medical model

The majority of ‘power’ is located in the hands of the medical profession not patients

Shift to chronic/degenerative conditions (often multi-factorial and multi-dimensional in nature) which are not associated with a simple biological cause or amenable to medical cure

Need to consider social/cultural influences on health

What is normal for one person may not be normal for another


Key features: Social model of health

A state of health is socially constructed; i.e. it is varied, uncertain and diverse

Ill health is also caused by social/cultural factors not only biological factors

Causes are identified through beliefs and interpretation

Knowledge is not exclusionary; it has a historical, cultural and social context

The social model is holistic, concerned with people’s lives and experiences, and how people themselves define health


Four main definitions of health

Health is the absence of illness: If I am not sick I generally consider myself healthy

Health is functional ability: As long as I am able to carry out my daily functions (e.g. going to work, taking care of the household)

Health is equilibrium: The mind, body and spirit are all connected. All need to be in sync for good health

Health is freedom: the capacity to ‘do’. With good health comes the ability to do what you want to do


Positive and Negative definitions

Negative: health equals the absence of illness/ability to carry out daily responsibilities

Positive: health is achieving harmony and equilibrium in daily life/provides the freedom to live life to its fullest

Different groups of people may favour different definitions of health; e.g. groups lower down the social hierarchy are more likely to hold fatalistic views regarding health and illness


WHO Def

The WHO (1948) definition of health:

Health is a state of complete physical, social and mental well being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity

Problematic in the sense it is difficult to achieve such a definition


Pop quiz hot shots…..


Mrs A has come to your GP surgery complaining of polyuria. She seems annoyed and says she has only come in as her husband told her to.

You take a history and suspect she may have Diabetes, name 2 other symptoms you would look for to help confirm your diagnosis… [2 mark]

- Polydypsia

- ‘Pear Drop’ breath

- Weight loss

- Vomiting

- Nausea

- Fatigue

- Others….?


It appears Mrs A has a learning difficulty. When working as a clinician you have to make ethical judgments. Principles can be used as a approach to ethical reasoning. What two other

approaches can be used? Briefly explain each [2 Marks]

- 3 Ps:

- Principles- Particulars- Perspectives


What is the function of Somatostatin in Diabetes? [1 mark]

- Strong inhibitor of insulin and glucagon


What is the function of Somatostatin in the Gastrointestinal Tract? [1 Mark]

- Inhibits Gastrin Release- Inhibits Acid Secretion


Principles can be derived from Moral theories or Professional codes. Name 2 sources of professional codes. [1 mark]

- Hippocratic Oath- Declaration of Geneva- Declaration of Helsinki- Duties of a Doctor GMC


Mrs A says she is fine as she can still look after her children and go to work; She insists “I am only here as my husband sent me”. What definition of health is she using and briefly describe it? (1

mark)

- Functional - Health is functional ability: As long as I am able to carry out my daily functions (e.g. going to work, taking care of the household)


Top Tips for Pink in Exams

- Do not panic- Easy marks come from writing definition

(even if its not explicitly asked for)- If all else fails guess!! (there is no

negative marking)- If you don’t learn pink you cannot pass- In pink be specific (strict marking)- Give examples to explain your answer- You will never know everything don’t

waste time learning small facts

How Important is Pink?

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