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Source ASource AAdvance to Advance to next slidenext slide

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Write descriptions of differing interpretations of Write descriptions of differing interpretations of the Generals.the Generals.

WWhathatII’m’mLLookingookingFForor

Give an explanation of why different historical Give an explanation of why different historical interpretations might be produced.interpretations might be produced.

Use appropriate dates and historical terms.Use appropriate dates and historical terms.Click to revealClick to reveal

Suitably structure your work.Suitably structure your work.

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Click to revealClick to reveal

Click to revealClick to reveal

Source BSource BSource ASource A

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[A.J.P.Taylor, a socialist historian, writing in a specialist [A.J.P.Taylor, a socialist historian, writing in a specialist history book, history book, The First World WarThe First World War, (1963). As a socialist he , (1963). As a socialist he would have sided with the men rather than the Generals]would have sided with the men rather than the Generals]

Source BSource BSource ASource A

Describe the interpretation. What does the source tell me about the generals?W

ho

is

th

e a

uth

or?

Wh

at

do

th

ey

do

?W

he

n w

as

the

so

urc

e w

ritten

? W

ha

t mig

ht h

av

e in

flue

nc

ed

the

au

tho

r?

What evidence may have been looked at and how this might explain how the interpretation was produced?

(The soldiers) lost faith in their cause, in their (The soldiers) lost faith in their cause, in their leaders, in everything except loyalty to their fighting leaders, in everything except loyalty to their fighting

friends … The Somme set the picture by which friends … The Somme set the picture by which future generations saw the First World War: brave, future generations saw the First World War: brave, helpless soldiers; blundering, obstinate generals; helpless soldiers; blundering, obstinate generals; nothing achieved. After the Somme men decided nothing achieved. After the Somme men decided

that the war would go on forever.that the war would go on forever.

(The soldiers) lost faith in their cause, in their (The soldiers) lost faith in their cause, in their leaders, in everything except loyalty to their fighting leaders, in everything except loyalty to their fighting

friends … The Somme set the picture by which friends … The Somme set the picture by which future generations saw the First World War: brave, future generations saw the First World War: brave, helpless soldiers; blundering, obstinate generals; helpless soldiers; blundering, obstinate generals; nothing achieved. After the Somme men decided nothing achieved. After the Somme men decided

that the war would go on forever.that the war would go on forever.

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The British generals were no worse than those of The British generals were no worse than those of any other … nation. All Great War generals faced any other … nation. All Great War generals faced

an unsolvable problem; how to break a strong an unsolvable problem; how to break a strong front of trenches, barbed wire, machine-guns and front of trenches, barbed wire, machine-guns and

artillery with the weak instrument of human artillery with the weak instrument of human flesh.flesh.

The British generals were no worse than those of The British generals were no worse than those of any other … nation. All Great War generals faced any other … nation. All Great War generals faced

an unsolvable problem; how to break a strong an unsolvable problem; how to break a strong front of trenches, barbed wire, machine-guns and front of trenches, barbed wire, machine-guns and

artillery with the weak instrument of human artillery with the weak instrument of human flesh.flesh.

[From an article by military historian John Keegan in the Daily Telegraph (7th November 1998). Keegan is a former

lecturer in military history and he has written many military history books]

Source BSource BSource ASource A

Describe the interpretation. What does the source tell me about the generals?W

ho

is

th

e a

uth

or?

Wh

at

do

th

ey

do

?W

he

n w

as

the

so

urc

e w

ritten

? W

ha

t mig

ht h

av

e in

flue

nc

ed

the

au

tho

r?

What evidence may have been looked at and how this might explain how the interpretation was produced?

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(The soldiers) lost faith in their cause, in their (The soldiers) lost faith in their cause, in their leaders, in everything except loyalty to their leaders, in everything except loyalty to their

fighting friends … The Somme set the picture by fighting friends … The Somme set the picture by which future generations saw the First World War: which future generations saw the First World War:

brave, helpless soldiers; blundering, obstinate brave, helpless soldiers; blundering, obstinate generals; nothing achieved. After the Somme men generals; nothing achieved. After the Somme men

decided that the war would go on forever.decided that the war would go on forever.

(The soldiers) lost faith in their cause, in their (The soldiers) lost faith in their cause, in their leaders, in everything except loyalty to their leaders, in everything except loyalty to their

fighting friends … The Somme set the picture by fighting friends … The Somme set the picture by which future generations saw the First World War: which future generations saw the First World War:

brave, helpless soldiers; blundering, obstinate brave, helpless soldiers; blundering, obstinate generals; nothing achieved. After the Somme men generals; nothing achieved. After the Somme men

decided that the war would go on forever.decided that the war would go on forever.

Describe the interpretation. What does the source tell me about the generals?Describe the interpretation. What does the source tell me about the generals?

Source ASource A

NGfL CYMRUGCaDDescribe the interpretation. What does the source tell me about the generals?Describe the interpretation. What does the source tell me about the generals?

(The soldiers) lost faith in their cause, in their (The soldiers) lost faith in their cause, in their leaders, in everything except loyalty to their leaders, in everything except loyalty to their

fighting friends … The Somme set the picture by fighting friends … The Somme set the picture by which future generations saw the First World War: which future generations saw the First World War:

brave, helpless soldiers; blundering, obstinate brave, helpless soldiers; blundering, obstinate generals; nothing achieved. After the Somme men generals; nothing achieved. After the Somme men

decided that the war would go on forever.decided that the war would go on forever.

(The soldiers) lost faith in their cause, in their (The soldiers) lost faith in their cause, in their leaders, in everything except loyalty to their leaders, in everything except loyalty to their

fighting friends … The Somme set the picture by fighting friends … The Somme set the picture by which future generations saw the First World War: which future generations saw the First World War:

brave, helpless soldiers; blundering, obstinate brave, helpless soldiers; blundering, obstinate generals; nothing achieved. After the Somme men generals; nothing achieved. After the Somme men

decided that the war would go on forever.decided that the war would go on forever.

Source ASource A

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Read the information below and to try and help you understand the views of the soldiers after the Battle of the Somme in 1916.

A wounded soldier is carried from the front at the Battle of the Somme, 1916

Source: Wikimedia Commons

The Battle of the Somme (July 1The Battle of the Somme (July 1stst - Nov - Nov 1916) saw the British Army suffer 1916) saw the British Army suffer 420,000420,000 casualties including nearly 60,000 on the casualties including nearly 60,000 on the first day alone. first day alone.

The battle has been seen as one that The battle has been seen as one that showed the ineffectiveness of trench showed the ineffectiveness of trench warfare and was believed to have been due warfare and was believed to have been due to poor leadership. As a result Douglas Haig to poor leadership. As a result Douglas Haig received a lot of criticism. received a lot of criticism.   The battle was also significant as many of The battle was also significant as many of the men who fought had not seen action the men who fought had not seen action before. Many were part of "Kitchener’s before. Many were part of "Kitchener’s Volunteer Army" persuaded to volunteer in Volunteer Army" persuaded to volunteer in 1914 and 1915.1914 and 1915.

Describe the interpretation. What does the source tell me about the generals?Describe the interpretation. What does the source tell me about the generals?

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[A.J.P.Taylor, a socialist historian, writing in [A.J.P.Taylor, a socialist historian, writing in a specialist history book, a specialist history book, The First World The First World WarWar, (1963). As a socialist he would have , (1963). As a socialist he would have

sided with the men rather than the Generals]sided with the men rather than the Generals]

Who is the author? What do they do?Who is the author? What do they do?

Source ASource A

SocialistSocialistSocialistSocialist

HistorianHistorianHistorianHistorian

Specialist historySpecialist historybookbook

Specialist historySpecialist historybookbook

AnswersAnswers

Click the tabs to match the terms on the left with an explanation on the right.

A book dealing solely with WW1. One of manyA book dealing solely with WW1. One of many

books written for commercial purposesbooks written for commercial purposesMeans he disliked the upper classes and lookedMeans he disliked the upper classes and lookedto present the views of the men in the trenches.to present the views of the men in the trenches.Means he disliked the upper classes and lookedMeans he disliked the upper classes and lookedto present the views of the men in the trenches.to present the views of the men in the trenches.

Means he disliked the upper classes and lookedMeans he disliked the upper classes and lookedto present the views of the men in the trenches.to present the views of the men in the trenches.

Means he was an expert in the historyMeans he was an expert in the historyof the First World War.of the First World War.

Means he was an expert in the historyMeans he was an expert in the historyof the First World War.of the First World War.

Means he was an expert in the historyMeans he was an expert in the historyof the First World War.of the First World War.

A book dealing solely with WW1. One of manyA book dealing solely with WW1. One of many

books written for commercial purposesbooks written for commercial purposes

A book dealing solely with WW1. One of manyA book dealing solely with WW1. One of many

books written for commercial purposesbooks written for commercial purposes

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[A.J.P.Taylor, a socialist historian, writing in [A.J.P.Taylor, a socialist historian, writing in a specialist history book, a specialist history book, The First World The First World WarWar, (1963). As a socialist he would have , (1963). As a socialist he would have

sided with the men rather than the Generals]sided with the men rather than the Generals]

When was the source written? What might have influenced the author?When was the source written? What might have influenced the author?

Source ASource A AnswersAnswers

Written when many of those whoWritten when many of those whofought at the Somme were still alive.fought at the Somme were still alive.

Written when many of those whoWritten when many of those whofought at the Somme were still alive.fought at the Somme were still alive.

Having lived during the period ofHaving lived during the period ofthe events Taylor was morethe events Taylor was more

emotive in his writing.emotive in his writing.

Having lived during the period ofHaving lived during the period ofthe events Taylor was morethe events Taylor was more

emotive in his writing.emotive in his writing.

Taylor had not fought at the SommeTaylor had not fought at the Sommeso knew little of the events.so knew little of the events.

Taylor had not fought at the SommeTaylor had not fought at the Sommeso knew little of the events.so knew little of the events.

The author was alive when theThe author was alive when thebattle took place and may havebattle took place and may have

known people who died.known people who died.

The author was alive when theThe author was alive when thebattle took place and may havebattle took place and may have

known people who died.known people who died.

By this time Taylor was a wellBy this time Taylor was a wellestablished historian who looked toestablished historian who looked to

attack Great men of history.attack Great men of history.

By this time Taylor was a wellBy this time Taylor was a wellestablished historian who looked toestablished historian who looked to

attack Great men of history.attack Great men of history.

Written long after the events so isWritten long after the events so isless reliable.less reliable.

Written long after the events so isWritten long after the events so isless reliable.less reliable.

Click on the tabs to change to the correct colour.

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[A.J.P.Taylor, a socialist historian, writing in a [A.J.P.Taylor, a socialist historian, writing in a specialist history book, specialist history book, The First World WarThe First World War, ,

(1963). As a socialist he would have sided with (1963). As a socialist he would have sided with the men rather than the Generals]the men rather than the Generals]

What evidence may have been looked at and how this might explain how the interpretation was produced?What evidence may have been looked at and how this might explain how the interpretation was produced?

Source ASource A

Account of Lloyd George, member of the government in 1916.Account of Lloyd George, member of the government in 1916.Account of Lloyd George, member of the government in 1916.Account of Lloyd George, member of the government in 1916.

Accounts given by the generals.Accounts given by the generals.Accounts given by the generals.Accounts given by the generals.

Accounts given by former soldiers.Accounts given by former soldiers.Accounts given by former soldiers.Accounts given by former soldiers.

Official records that were available.Official records that were available.Official records that were available.Official records that were available.The Government has a 30 year rule on evidence but does not

need to release everything.

Lloyd George was very critical of Haig.

Many of them were bitter and blamed Haig for the loss

of friends.

Click on the statements that you believe to be true.

Haig died in 1928, whilst Taylor chose not to

interview them.

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The British generals were no worse than those The British generals were no worse than those of any other … nation. All Great War generals of any other … nation. All Great War generals faced an unsolvable problem; how to break a faced an unsolvable problem; how to break a

strong front of trenches, barbed wire, machine-strong front of trenches, barbed wire, machine-guns and artillery with the weak instrument of guns and artillery with the weak instrument of

human flesh.human flesh.

The British generals were no worse than those The British generals were no worse than those of any other … nation. All Great War generals of any other … nation. All Great War generals faced an unsolvable problem; how to break a faced an unsolvable problem; how to break a

strong front of trenches, barbed wire, machine-strong front of trenches, barbed wire, machine-guns and artillery with the weak instrument of guns and artillery with the weak instrument of

human flesh.human flesh.

Describe the interpretation. What does the source tell me about the generals?Describe the interpretation. What does the source tell me about the generals?

Source BSource B

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Field MarshalField MarshalLuigi CadornaLuigi CadornaField MarshalField MarshalLuigi CadornaLuigi Cadorna

What do you know about the Generals of the WW1?What do you know about the Generals of the WW1?

Match the general with the statement.Match the general with the statement.AnswersAnswers

Field MarshalField MarshalDouglas HaigDouglas Haig

Field MarshalField MarshalDouglas HaigDouglas Haig

Erich von Erich von FalkenhaynFalkenhaynErich von Erich von

FalkenhaynFalkenhayn

Marshal Joseph Marshal Joseph JoffreJoffre

Marshal Joseph Marshal Joseph JoffreJoffre

Images taken from wikimedia.commons

Most Most remembered remembered

for the Battle of for the Battle of the Somme. the Somme.

Referred to by Referred to by some as the some as the

‘Butcher of the ‘Butcher of the Somme.’ Somme.’

Most Most remembered remembered

for the Battle of for the Battle of the Somme. the Somme.

Referred to by Referred to by some as the some as the

‘Butcher of the ‘Butcher of the Somme.’ Somme.’

Was responsible Was responsible for attacks for attacks

against Germany against Germany in Alsace-Lorraine in Alsace-Lorraine in 1914. Cost lots in 1914. Cost lots

of lives and of lives and nearly led to nearly led to

French defeat. French defeat.

Was responsible Was responsible for attacks for attacks

against Germany against Germany in Alsace-Lorraine in Alsace-Lorraine in 1914. Cost lots in 1914. Cost lots

of lives and of lives and nearly led to nearly led to

French defeat. French defeat.

In 1915 ordered four failed

offensives against the Austro-

Hungarians that resulted in

250,000 casualties.

In 1915 ordered four failed

offensives against the Austro-

Hungarians that resulted in

250,000 casualties.

At Verdun At Verdun wanted France wanted France

‘bled white.’ ‘bled white.’ The battle led The battle led

to nearly a to nearly a million million

casualties.casualties.

At Verdun At Verdun wanted France wanted France

‘bled white.’ ‘bled white.’ The battle led The battle led

to nearly a to nearly a million million

casualties.casualties.

Most Most remembered remembered

for the Battle of for the Battle of the Somme. the Somme.

Referred to by Referred to by some as the some as the

‘Butcher of the ‘Butcher of the Somme.’ Somme.’

Most Most remembered remembered

for the Battle of for the Battle of the Somme. the Somme.

Referred to by Referred to by some as the some as the

‘Butcher of the ‘Butcher of the Somme.’ Somme.’

Was responsible Was responsible for attacks for attacks

against Germany against Germany in Alsace-Lorraine in Alsace-Lorraine in 1914. Cost lots in 1914. Cost lots

of lives and of lives and nearly led to nearly led to

French defeat. French defeat.

Was responsible Was responsible for attacks for attacks

against Germany against Germany in Alsace-Lorraine in Alsace-Lorraine in 1914. Cost lots in 1914. Cost lots

of lives and of lives and nearly led to nearly led to

French defeat. French defeat.

In 1915 ordered four failed

offensives against the Austro-

Hungarians that resulted in

250,000 casualties.

In 1915 ordered four failed

offensives against the Austro-

Hungarians that resulted in

250,000 casualties.

At Verdun At Verdun wanted France wanted France

‘bled white.’ ‘bled white.’ The battle led The battle led

to nearly a to nearly a million million

casualties.casualties.

At Verdun At Verdun wanted France wanted France

‘bled white.’ ‘bled white.’ The battle led The battle led

to nearly a to nearly a million million

casualties.casualties.

Most Most remembered remembered

for the Battle of for the Battle of the Somme. the Somme.

Referred to by Referred to by some as the some as the

‘Butcher of the ‘Butcher of the Somme.’ Somme.’

Most Most remembered remembered

for the Battle of for the Battle of the Somme. the Somme.

Referred to by Referred to by some as the some as the

‘Butcher of the ‘Butcher of the Somme.’ Somme.’

Was responsible Was responsible for attacks for attacks

against Germany against Germany in Alsace-Lorraine in Alsace-Lorraine in 1914. Cost lots in 1914. Cost lots

of lives and of lives and nearly led to nearly led to

French defeat. French defeat.

Was responsible Was responsible for attacks for attacks

against Germany against Germany in Alsace-Lorraine in Alsace-Lorraine in 1914. Cost lots in 1914. Cost lots

of lives and of lives and nearly led to nearly led to

French defeat. French defeat.

In 1915 ordered four failed

offensives against the Austro-

Hungarians that resulted in

250,000 casualties.

In 1915 ordered four failed

offensives against the Austro-

Hungarians that resulted in

250,000 casualties.

At Verdun At Verdun wanted France wanted France

‘bled white.’ ‘bled white.’ The battle led The battle led

to nearly a to nearly a million million

casualties.casualties.

At Verdun At Verdun wanted France wanted France

‘bled white.’ ‘bled white.’ The battle led The battle led

to nearly a to nearly a million million

casualties.casualties.

Most Most remembered remembered

for the Battle of for the Battle of the Somme. the Somme.

Referred to by Referred to by some as the some as the

‘Butcher of the ‘Butcher of the Somme.’ Somme.’

Most Most remembered remembered

for the Battle of for the Battle of the Somme. the Somme.

Referred to by Referred to by some as the some as the

‘Butcher of the ‘Butcher of the Somme.’ Somme.’

Was responsible Was responsible for attacks for attacks

against Germany against Germany in Alsace-Lorraine in Alsace-Lorraine in 1914. Cost lots in 1914. Cost lots

of lives and of lives and nearly led to nearly led to

French defeat. French defeat.

Was responsible Was responsible for attacks for attacks

against Germany against Germany in Alsace-Lorraine in Alsace-Lorraine in 1914. Cost lots in 1914. Cost lots

of lives and of lives and nearly led to nearly led to

French defeat. French defeat.

In 1915 ordered four failed

offensives against the Austro-

Hungarians that resulted in

250,000 casualties.

In 1915 ordered four failed

offensives against the Austro-

Hungarians that resulted in

250,000 casualties.

At Verdun At Verdun wanted France wanted France

‘bled white.’ ‘bled white.’ The battle led The battle led

to nearly a to nearly a million million

casualties.casualties.

At Verdun At Verdun wanted France wanted France

‘bled white.’ ‘bled white.’ The battle led The battle led

to nearly a to nearly a million million

casualties.casualties.

In 1915 ordered In 1915 ordered four failed four failed

offensives against offensives against the Austro-the Austro-

Hungarians that Hungarians that resulted in resulted in

250,000 250,000 casualties. casualties.

In 1915 ordered In 1915 ordered four failed four failed

offensives against offensives against the Austro-the Austro-

Hungarians that Hungarians that resulted in resulted in

250,000 250,000 casualties. casualties.

At Verdun At Verdun wanted France wanted France

‘bled white.’ ‘bled white.’ The battle led The battle led

to nearly a to nearly a million million

casualtiescasualties..

At Verdun At Verdun wanted France wanted France

‘bled white.’ ‘bled white.’ The battle led The battle led

to nearly a to nearly a million million

casualtiescasualties..

Most Most remembered remembered

for the Battle of for the Battle of the Somme. the Somme.

Referred to by Referred to by some as the some as the

‘Butcher of the ‘Butcher of the Somme.’ Somme.’

Most Most remembered remembered

for the Battle of for the Battle of the Somme. the Somme.

Referred to by Referred to by some as the some as the

‘Butcher of the ‘Butcher of the Somme.’ Somme.’

Was responsible Was responsible for attacks for attacks

against Germany against Germany in Alsace-Lorraine in Alsace-Lorraine in 1914. Cost lots in 1914. Cost lots

of lives and of lives and nearly led to nearly led to

French defeat. French defeat.

Was responsible Was responsible for attacks for attacks

against Germany against Germany in Alsace-Lorraine in Alsace-Lorraine in 1914. Cost lots in 1914. Cost lots

of lives and of lives and nearly led to nearly led to

French defeat. French defeat.

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Read the information below and to try and help you understand something of trench warfare during the First World War.

Aerial view of the village of Passchendaele before and after the

Third Battle of Ypres, 1917.Source: Wikimedia Commons

After the Germans were unable to make After the Germans were unable to make further advances in 1914 they chose to dig further advances in 1914 they chose to dig in to stop the Allied advances. Unable to in to stop the Allied advances. Unable to break through this line of German defences break through this line of German defences the British and French had little option but the British and French had little option but dig their own trenches. The result was the dig their own trenches. The result was the Western Front which ran 440 miles. The Western Front which ran 440 miles. The problem for both sides was how to problem for both sides was how to breakthrough the system of trenchesbreakthrough the system of trenches

The First World War saw the use of The First World War saw the use of 'modern' weapons. The machine gun and 'modern' weapons. The machine gun and artillery made it difficult to advance whilst artillery made it difficult to advance whilst the development of gas canisters and tanks the development of gas canisters and tanks failed to help the armies make a failed to help the armies make a breakthrough. breakthrough. 

Describe the interpretation. What does the source tell me about the generals?Describe the interpretation. What does the source tell me about the generals?

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Meant that he worked for a Sandhurst and wasMeant that he worked for a Sandhurst and wasable to spend much time carrying out research.able to spend much time carrying out research.

[From an article by military historian John Keegan in the Daily Telegraph (7th November 1998). Keegan is a former lecturer in military

history and he has written many military history books]

Who is the author? What do they do?Who is the author? What do they do?

Military HistorianMilitary HistorianMilitary HistorianMilitary Historian

Former LecturerFormer LecturerFormer LecturerFormer Lecturer

ArticleArticleArticleArticle This type of historian studies the causes of war,This type of historian studies the causes of war,strategy and tactics, and military leaders. strategy and tactics, and military leaders.

AnswersAnswers

This type of historian studies the causes of war,This type of historian studies the causes of war,strategy and tactics, and military leaders. strategy and tactics, and military leaders.

This type of historian studies the causes of war,This type of historian studies the causes of war,strategy and tactics, and military leaders. strategy and tactics, and military leaders.

Found in a newspaper so was not detailed. DailyFound in a newspaper so was not detailed. Daily

Telegraph readers tend to be middle-class.Telegraph readers tend to be middle-class.

Found in a newspaper so was not detailed. DailyFound in a newspaper so was not detailed. Daily

Telegraph readers tend to be middle-class.Telegraph readers tend to be middle-class.

Source BSource BClick the tabs to match the terms on the left with an explanation on the right.

Found in a newspaper so was not detailed. DailyFound in a newspaper so was not detailed. Daily

Telegraph readers tend to be middle-class.Telegraph readers tend to be middle-class.Meant that he worked for a Sandhurst and wasMeant that he worked for a Sandhurst and wasable to spend much time carrying out research.able to spend much time carrying out research.Meant that he worked for a Sandhurst and wasMeant that he worked for a Sandhurst and wasable to spend much time carrying out research.able to spend much time carrying out research.

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[From an article by military historian John Keegan in the Daily Telegraph (7th November 1998). Keegan is a former lecturer in military

history and he has written many military history books]

When was the source written? What might have influenced the author?When was the source written? What might have influenced the author?

AnswersAnswers

Appeared in the newspaper beforeAppeared in the newspaper beforeRemembrance Sunday.Remembrance Sunday.

Appeared in the newspaper beforeAppeared in the newspaper beforeRemembrance Sunday.Remembrance Sunday.

Written a long time after the eventsWritten a long time after the eventsso was less emotive.so was less emotive.

Written a long time after the eventsWritten a long time after the eventsso was less emotive.so was less emotive.

Keegan had not fought at theKeegan had not fought at theSomme so knew little of the events.Somme so knew little of the events.

Keegan had not fought at theKeegan had not fought at theSomme so knew little of the events.Somme so knew little of the events.

The author was able to study a hugeThe author was able to study a hugevariety of source material.variety of source material.

The author was able to study a hugeThe author was able to study a hugevariety of source material.variety of source material.

Written when Generals such asWritten when Generals such asHaig were no longer seen as foolsHaig were no longer seen as fools

by many historians.by many historians.

Written when Generals such asWritten when Generals such asHaig were no longer seen as foolsHaig were no longer seen as fools

by many historians.by many historians.

Written over eighty years after theWritten over eighty years after theevents so is less reliable.events so is less reliable.

Written over eighty years after theWritten over eighty years after theevents so is less reliable.events so is less reliable.

Click on the tabs to change to the correct colour.Source BSource B

NGfL CYMRUGCaDWhat evidence may have been looked at and how this might explain how the interpretation was produced?What evidence may have been looked at and how this might explain how the interpretation was produced?

Details of technology available to the generals.Details of technology available to the generals.Details of technology available to the generals.Details of technology available to the generals.

Accounts and documents given by the generals.Accounts and documents given by the generals.Accounts and documents given by the generals.Accounts and documents given by the generals.

Accounts given by former soldiers.Accounts given by former soldiers.Accounts given by former soldiers.Accounts given by former soldiers.

Official records that were available.Official records that were available.Official records that were available.Official records that were available.The Government has a 30 year rule on evidence. By 1998 most official

records were available to historians.

Keegan looked at how technology affected

warfare.

There not many alive in 1998 but their accounts had been recorded

by many historians.

Click on the statements that you believe to be true.

Would not have been able to interview the generals but could use diaries such as that of Haig.

[From an article by military historian John Keegan in the Daily Telegraph (7th November 1998). Keegan is a former lecturer in military

history and he has written many military history books]

Source BSource B