How Does the Brain Compute?. A nerve cell, or a neuron, consists of many different parts.
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Transcript of How Does the Brain Compute?. A nerve cell, or a neuron, consists of many different parts.
![Page 1: How Does the Brain Compute?. A nerve cell, or a neuron, consists of many different parts.](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022051404/5a4d1acb7f8b9ab05996f708/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
How Does the Brain Compute?
![Page 2: How Does the Brain Compute?. A nerve cell, or a neuron, consists of many different parts.](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022051404/5a4d1acb7f8b9ab05996f708/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
How Does the Brain Compute?A nerve cell, or a neuron, consists of many A nerve cell, or a neuron, consists of many
different parts.different parts.
![Page 3: How Does the Brain Compute?. A nerve cell, or a neuron, consists of many different parts.](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022051404/5a4d1acb7f8b9ab05996f708/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Sensory Neuron(Bipolar)
Interneuron Neuron (Unipolar)
Motor Neuron(Multipolar Neuron)
Types of Neurons
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Types of NeuronsSensory Neurons – Afferent Neurons
• Carry the message from the sense organs to the CNS
Interneurons • Make up the CNS
Motor Neurons – Efferent Neurons• Carry the message from the CNS to the muscles or glands
![Page 5: How Does the Brain Compute?. A nerve cell, or a neuron, consists of many different parts.](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022051404/5a4d1acb7f8b9ab05996f708/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
How is the Electrical Signal Sent?
2 K+
3 Na+
ATP
Outside
Inside K+
The Resting Potential
K Na
Proteins (A) -
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How is the Electrical Signal Sent?
All or none!
Outside
Inside
K Na
NaNaNaNa NaNa NaNaNaNa
KK
KK KK
KK Na
KK
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How is Information Transmitted?
If neurons do not touch, how can information get from one neuron to the next neuron?
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How is Information Transmitted?
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How is Information Transmitted?
Recycling channel
• Neurotransmitters
• Postsynaptic Receptors
• Recycling Channels
1 2
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How is Information Transmitted?• Reuptake
• Diffusion
• Enzymatic Degradation
![Page 11: How Does the Brain Compute?. A nerve cell, or a neuron, consists of many different parts.](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022051404/5a4d1acb7f8b9ab05996f708/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
How is Information Transmitted?• Reuptake
• Diffusion
• Enzymatic Degradation
![Page 12: How Does the Brain Compute?. A nerve cell, or a neuron, consists of many different parts.](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022051404/5a4d1acb7f8b9ab05996f708/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
How is Information Transmitted?• Reuptake
• Diffusion
• Enzymatic DegradationEnzyme
![Page 13: How Does the Brain Compute?. A nerve cell, or a neuron, consists of many different parts.](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022051404/5a4d1acb7f8b9ab05996f708/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
How is Information Transmitted?
(The Synapse) Neurotransmitters
Dendrite
Soma
Axon
Terminal
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How is Information Transmitted?Neurotoxins!
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How is Information Transmitted?
Nerve AgentsTabun (GA)Sarin (GB)Soman (GD)VX
1995 – Tokyo Subway (Sarin)2013 – Syria (Sarin)
2013 – Bihar, India (Organophosphate pesticides)
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How is Information Transmitted?
Action Potential Synaptic Terminal
Neurotransmitters
Axon
Cell BodyDendrites
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How Fast do Electrical Signals Travel?
100 mile/hr – 160 km/hr
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Saltatory ConductionNode of RanvierMyelin
Axon
Increases speed of conduction!
vs
Unmyelinated vs Myelinated Axons