How does first language influence second language rhythm? Laurence White and Sven Mattys...
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Transcript of How does first language influence second language rhythm? Laurence White and Sven Mattys...
![Page 1: How does first language influence second language rhythm? Laurence White and Sven Mattys Experimental Psychology Bristol University.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062515/56649c785503460f9492d9e6/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
How does first language influence second language rhythm?
Laurence White and Sven Mattys Experimental Psychology Bristol University
![Page 2: How does first language influence second language rhythm? Laurence White and Sven Mattys Experimental Psychology Bristol University.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062515/56649c785503460f9492d9e6/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Overview
• Background: Speech rhythm and “rhythm classes”. New speech rhythm metrics.
• Speech production study:Do new rhythm metrics serve to illustrate the influence
of first language on second language rhythm?
![Page 3: How does first language influence second language rhythm? Laurence White and Sven Mattys Experimental Psychology Bristol University.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062515/56649c785503460f9492d9e6/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
• Rhythm (music, speech, etc.) arises from the repetition of related sounds.
• In English speech, rhythm arises from repetition of stressed syllables.
I did not have sexual relations with that woman – Miss Lewinsky.
• In Spanish, there is much less contrast between stressed and unstressed syllables.
A pocos pasos de mi casa está una tienda bonita.
• Traditional distinction: Syllable-timed languages (e.g. Romance). Stress-timed languages (e.g. Germanic).
Background: Rhythm
![Page 4: How does first language influence second language rhythm? Laurence White and Sven Mattys Experimental Psychology Bristol University.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062515/56649c785503460f9492d9e6/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Stress-timing vs syllable-timing • Stress-timed languages: isochrony?
sleep.ing. soundly vs sleep.il.y. re.searches
• Stress-timing is alternation rather than regularity:
Greater differences between stressed and unstressed syllables… including:
Vowel reduction.
More complex consonant clusters, particularly in stressed syllable onsets and codas.
e.g. (s)(t)(r)a(n)(d)(s)
Fewer open syllables.
![Page 5: How does first language influence second language rhythm? Laurence White and Sven Mattys Experimental Psychology Bristol University.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062515/56649c785503460f9492d9e6/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Basis of rhythmic analysis
• Separate signal into vocalic and intervocalic sections
and examine variations in length of each.
the standards committee
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New rhythm metrics• Variance-based metrics (Ramus, Nespor & Mehler, 1999):
ΔV: standard deviation of vocalic intervals.ΔC: standard deviation of intervocalic intervals.%V: vocalic proportion of total utterance.
Ramus, Nespor & Mehler (1999)
• Also examinedPVI metrics (Low, Grabe & Nolan, 2000;Grabe & Low, 2002).
![Page 7: How does first language influence second language rhythm? Laurence White and Sven Mattys Experimental Psychology Bristol University.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062515/56649c785503460f9492d9e6/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Overview
• Background: Speech rhythm and “rhythm classes”. New speech rhythm metrics.
• Speech production study:Do new rhythm metrics serve to illustrate the influence
of first language on second language rhythm?
![Page 8: How does first language influence second language rhythm? Laurence White and Sven Mattys Experimental Psychology Bristol University.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062515/56649c785503460f9492d9e6/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
• Comparison between “rhythm classes”:Spanish (“syllable-timed”) vs English (“stress-timed”).
• Six speakers per condition.
• Five sentences per language.
• Other materials also recorded for most speakers:Map task to elicit non-read speech.
Second language recordings
Language spoken
Native language
Spanish English
Spanish
English EngEng
SpEng
EngSp
SpSp
![Page 9: How does first language influence second language rhythm? Laurence White and Sven Mattys Experimental Psychology Bristol University.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062515/56649c785503460f9492d9e6/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Spanish & English L1/L2 results:
Variance-based metrics
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60
ΔV
ΔC
8.06.6
5.24.8
Speech rate (syls/sec) EngEngEngSp
SpSp
SpEng
Key Lang. spoken Native lang.
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All speakers:Effect of speech rate on ΔV
•VarcoV – ΔV normalised for speech rate: ΔV / Mean V (Dellwo & Wagner, 2003)
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
ΔV
Sp
eech
rat
e (s
ylla
ble
s/se
con
d)
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Spanish & English L1/L2 results: Rate normalised ΔV and %V
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
35 40 45 50 55
%V
Var
coV
EngEng
EngSp
SpSp
SpEng
Key Lang. spoken Native lang.
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• A mí no me gustaba su coche pequeño y viejo.
65, 67 vs 67, 66
47, 32 vs 71, 56
40, 41 vs 27, 24
Spanish L1/L2:%V differences continued…
Vowel duration (ms)
SpEng Vowel duration (ms)
SpSp
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• What is the effect of speaking a second language, when languages are rhythmically similar?
• Comparison within “rhythm classes”:Dutch (“stress-timed”) vs English (“stress-timed”).
• Six speakers per condition.
• Five sentences per language.
Language spoken
Native language
Dutch English
Dutch
English
Second language recordings
EngEng
DutEng
EngDut
DutDut
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35
45
55
65
75
30 35 40 45 50 55
%V
Var
coV
Cross-linguistic results: Dutch vs English
EngEng
EngSp
SpSp
SpEng
Key Lang. spoken Native lang.
DutEng
EngDut
DutDut
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First and second language rhythm: summary
• Influence of L1 on L2: Consonantal metrics show little influence of L1. Vocalic metrics:
Normalisation for speech rate necessary (VarcoV). Clearly show influence of L1 on L2.But…
Not necessarily intermediate between L1 and L2.Little accommodation to L2 when languages are
rhythmically similar.
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Interpretation of rhythm metrics
• Rhythmic distinctions can be seen as arising from specific segmental and prosodic processes:Rhythm as emergent property rather than product of
top-down timing control.
• Variation within “rhythm classes” sometimes as large as between. Suggests distinction is not simply bimodal.
• Further research: How do rhythm metrics relate to the subjective experience of linguistic rhythm?
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Credits
Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, U.K.
Juan Toro, Barcelona.Elizabeth Johnson, Nijmegen. Eric-Jan Wagenmakers & Atie Vogelenzang de Jong, Amsterdam.Ineke Mennen, Edinburgh. Reinier Salverda, London.