How cities are going low carbon while supporting economic growth
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How Cities are going Low Carbon while Supporting Economic Growth - Edward Clarke
Transcript of How cities are going low carbon while supporting economic growth
Demonstrating change:
How Cities are going while
Supporting Economic Growth
Edward Clarke March 18th, 2014
Presenter
Presentation Notes
Report was published December 2013 Focused on practical ways that cities are addressing low carbon issues Using International and UK Case Studies – Not just best practice but highlighting different approaches and lessons
Project Aims
• Move ‘green growth’ debate from why to how
• Cities are the best placed to drive change locally
Q: How are cities supporting low carbon economic growth?
Presenter
Presentation Notes
The need to go low carbon is well recognised by many cities (by law as well as aspiration) This paper is for cities that are looking how to implement change We used practical, focused case studies and transferable lessons not ‘the answers’ Beyond the grand visions, “the fundamental shifts, and wholesale changes”
How can cities drive green growth?
- 3 Underlying principles - 5 Ways of intervening - Clear Practical Examples
Presenter
Presentation Notes
3 things that matter in the organisation of a city, the underlying principles, and 5 ways of intervening, the methods that cities can use to pursue their low carbon aims alongside the The most effective policies and projects are locally tailored and make good economic as well as environmental sense. The issues aren't the same in Aberdeen and Aldershot or Newport as they are in New York
Role for local government
Presenter
Presentation Notes
I will go through our main schema, and try to dip into case studies, but obviously the depth is in the paper
Three Underlying Principles
Leadership
Drives priorities, sets
example
Knowledge
Identifies key emitters,
Benchmarking
Networks
Enhances opportunities
and capabilities
Presenter
Presentation Notes
Throughout our research, these three were key, coming up time and again. Cities that are doing well are not waiting for national governments to act, they are Taking the lead Leadership sets the tone for a city, becoming a demonstrator-champion backing the vision to go green with practical policies , publicising the city’s green industries and highlighting tangible economic benefits. For Example Bloomberg in NYC or Ferguson in Bristol Knowledge The Detailed understanding of a city’s businesses, emissions and citizens enables better policies to be developed. Good information enables cities to target strategies at the chief polluters, monitor their performance and amend them as appropriate. As Mayor Bloomberg of New York said to the C40 network of cities, “If you can’t measure it you can’t manage it”. Networks The scale of the challenge in moving to a low carbon economy requires public, private and third sector organisations to work together. Robust networks allow partners to share information, implement best practice and feedback on which interventions are necessary, and the impact that they are having. Networks can help businesses to address issues which are acting as a barrier to green investment: for example ‘red tape’ (as in Liverpool) or informing partners about the successes and challenges of pilot projects such as low carbon vehicle use and instalment (as in London and Leeds).
Five types of interventions
Procurement
Regulation Supporting Business Incentives
Finance and Funding
Presenter
Presentation Notes
In considering each of the five interventions we have set out, cities should identify the tools they have at their disposal. What new skills do they need to develop? What policies can be implemented adapted or scrapped? How can new technology help the council do things better, do new things or provide data? I’ll go through each of these interventions, say why they are important and very briefly namecheck our case studies and why we used them, what can be learnt from them if you want more on these, you can either read the report or ask
Case Studies
Supporting Business
• Where is it happening? – South West, Green Business Networks – Belfast, Sustainable Energy Park
• What are the transferable lessons? – Varied network – Effective dialogues – Target locally relevant benefits – Identify and address local issues
Presenter
Presentation Notes
In Bristol, we looked at the networks of green partners – Regen SW, Low Carbon SW The In Belfast, they identified high energy costs and contaminated land as issues for businesses. The city therefore grouped low carbon firms together that were working in the city (agglomeration economies)and worked with them to create a new space using remediated land and used the fumes from land fill for low cost energy. Bristol and the SW’s networks cast a wide dialogues In Belfast, they identified local issues and addressed them Sought locally relevant benefits - grouping existing firms and creating a local energy company
Case Studies
• Where is it happening? – New York, Greener Greater Building Plan – Liverpool, cutting red tape for infrastructure
Regulation
• What are the transferable lessons?
– Targeted – Innovative – Long term and complementary
– Supported – Flexible
Presenter
Presentation Notes
The best regulation is targeted at the city’s biggest emitters, its realistic about what it can do, and what is an unnecessary burden innovative, for instance reducing regulation can be just as key supported by good information, financial and institutional support flexible, to be improved through effective feedback/ monitoring Long term and complementary to ensure cross over benefits and long term policy certainty
Case Studies
• Where is it happening? – Recycling Rewards – Carbon Trust and ‘Nudge’ programmes
• What are the transferable lessons? – Targeted – Multi faceted – Backed by infrastructure – Scale
Incentives
Presenter
Presentation Notes
In Belfast, they identified high energy costs and contaminated land as issues for low carbon businesses. They grouped low carbon firms on the remediated land and used the fumes for low cost energy. Targeted ‘nudge’ can affect decisions to change behaviour. They can be multi faceted approaches to change behaviour. They’re backed up by the relevant infrastructure and information They’re at the most applicable scale
Case Studies
• Where is it happening? – Birmingham, pooling purchases – Hamburg, roads as recycling ‘test-beds’
• What are the transferable lessons? – Low Cost – Identify local innovators – Open new markets – Support for local firms – Act as first-movers
Procurement
Presenter
Presentation Notes
The best initiatives drive down costs and share savings with partners They identify local innovators They open new markets for businesses There is business support for local firms to benefit They take risks or act as first-movers as market leaders
Case Studies
• Where is it happening? – Manchester etc, Co-operatives – London, Co-Investment
• What are the transferable lessons? – Assistance and facilities for co-ops – Focus on specific local issues – Match different risk and financial needs and resources between public
and private partners.
Finance and Funding
Presenter
Presentation Notes
In Belfast, they identified high energy costs and contaminated land as issues for low carbon businesses. They grouped low carbon firms on the remediated land and used the fumes for low cost energy. Low Cost – what can be delivered with no or little public money? Providing space, advice, skills, access to loans, networks and information can help co-ops grow Innovation challenges can also help focus communities on specific local issues and mobilise new financial and non financial support. Co investment models such as UDFs can match different risk and financial needs and resources between public and private partners.
What about Aberdeen?
City CO2 emissions p.c. 2010 (t)
CO2 emissions p.c. 2011 (t)
Growth CO2 p.c. 2010–2011 (t)
Middlesbrough 17.48 14.89 -2.60
Newport 11.20 10.22 -1.00
Grimsby 10.32 9.25 -1.10
Warrington 8.79 7.73 -1.10
Doncaster 8.17 7.59 -0.60
Wakefield 7.69 7.21 -0.50
Aberdeen 7.62 7.03 -0.60
Belfast 7.46 6.77 -0.70
Crawley 7.24 6.65 -0.60
Telford 7.02 6.58 -0.40
UK average 7.50 6.90 -0.70
Presenter
Presentation Notes
In our latest Cities Outlook – Aberdeen came out quite high in emissions per capita 58th out of our 64 cities As far as reduction there has been some but its below UK average (-0.60p.c. Around 43rd, so mid to smaller fall, out of our list) Looking at the emitters, as you might guess this is predominantly from industry and commercial factors (3.4 tonnes per cap) more than in Scotland and Nationally. Industry and Commercial (3.4/cap)Scotland (3.3)National (2.9) Domestic (2.2/ cap)Scotland (2.3)National (2.0) Road Transport (2.0/ cap)Scotland (2.0)National (2.0)
Challenges
• Cities are limited by national policies
• Councils have stretched resources • Long Term strategy beyond political cycles • Minimising extra burdens on businesses
• Cities need to go low carbon, some are supporting not choking the local economy.
Presenter
Presentation Notes
In Belfast, they identified high energy costs and contaminated land as issues for low carbon businesses. They grouped low carbon firms on the remediated land and used the fumes for low cost energy. Minimising burdens is required to ensure Buy in from businesses, residents and other partners Despite this, it’s both a regulatory and political requirement. Cities need to become low carbon, but can do this whilst supporting and not choking the local economy
