Housing Decisions Housing Decisions by Evelyn Lewis & Carolyn Turnerby Evelyn Lewis & Carolyn Turner

Housing Decisions Housing Decisions by Evelyn Lewis & Carolyn Turnerby Evelyn Lewis & Carolyn Turner

Chapter 14Chapter 14

Creating Interior Backgrounds Creating Interior Backgrounds

Wall Wall CoveringsCoverings

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Walls make up the largest surface area of a room.The protect against the outdoors & reduce the noiseentering a room.

They hide pipes, wiring, and insulation. They alsodivide spaces.

When choosing a wall covering, it is essential to consider the color involved, the condition of the

walls and the function of the room.

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Most commonly used wall coverings are: paint,

wallpaper, paneling, mirrors, fabric andcarpeting.

Neutral colors are more often used than vividcolors because they provide a background to the rest of the room and furnishings.

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• Washable wall surfaces are recommended for bathrooms, kitchens, children’s rooms and hallways because walls in these areas tend to become soiled more quickly than bedrooms or living rooms.

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Wall ConstructionWall ConstructionWall ConstructionWall Construction

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Wall Construction• It is important to consider how the

was is constructed before planning backgrounds.

• Materials that can be used:1. gypsum wallboard 2. plastic

wallboard3. Paneling 4. plaster5. masonry

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Gypsum WallboardThis is known as

drywall and sheetrock.

The most common used material for

interior walls and ceilings.

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Plastic Wallboard

Durable decorative finish that is used for interior walls.

Comes in enamel & plastic laminate finishes.

Primarily used in kitchens & baths.

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Plaster• Paste used for coating

walls and ceilings that hardens as it dries.

• Smooth or rough surface.

• Require special skills and material.

• Cost more.• Used in older homes &

commercial buildings.

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Masonry• Both exterior & interior walls.• Cement blocks are common form of masonry.

Use in large rooms.• Brick/Stone form entire walls (fireplaces) &

costly.• Easy to maintain.

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Paneling• Made from plywood but can be

produced from a synthetic material.

• gives a warm attractive appearance to a room. It requires little maintenance. It comes in a variety of forms and prices.

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•is attractive but expensive. Manufactured paneling is a thin layer of fine wood bonded to less expensive wood.

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Wall TreatmentWall TreatmentWall TreatmentWall Treatment

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Wall Treatments• Wall treatment is coverings for the

interior wall.• It should harmonize with the floor

& ceiling.• Reflect the people that use the

room.

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PAINTPAINTPAINTPAINT50 Lessons Over Easy 50 Lessons Over Easy

Housing Decisions Housing Decisions by Evelyn Lewis & Carolyn Turnerby Evelyn Lewis & Carolyn Turner

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• Paint is a thin coating designed to maks and protect the surface beneath it.

• It is the fastest & cheapest way to change a room.

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Paint Usually Consists of 4 Components

1. Liquid: water or mineral spirits, which allow the paint to be applied, then evaporates.

2. Pigments: gives the paint it’s color and hiding power.

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3. Additives: modifies the paint’s characteristics.

4. Binders: the plastic-like material that binds the pigments and additives to the surface.

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Main Types of Paint• Latex: it is flexible, thins and cleans up with

water, dries quickly, and has non-toxic fumes.

• Oil: sometimes called “alkyds”, have greater adhesion over smooth, nonabsorbent surfaces, such as plastic and metals. They can hold a greater percentage of solids, often allowing single-coat coverage.

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• Sheen & Finish both refer to the reflective characteristics of the paint after it has dried (flat or satin). Painters usually use theterm interchangeably.

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Semigloss• Used for high traffic

area walls.• Ex.: doors, trims, and

shelving.

Flat• Soft finish to walls &

ceiling.• Do not use for windowsills

or kitchen or bathroom walls and woodwork.

• Flat paints are usually the least expensive and the most difficult to clean.

• Best for use on walls and ceilings (except in the kitchen or bathroom).

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Eggshell• Best for use on walls

and ceilings.

• Can be used in kitchens or bathrooms.

Satin• Walls in any room

because it resists dirt better than flat.

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Gloss

• Best for doors, trims, shelving, kitchen cabinets, bathrooms, and wet rooms.

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Painting Tips• There is a big difference between a paint that

is dry to the touch and one that is fully cured.

• Fully cured means that all liquid has evaporated and the color has reached maturity.

• A paint can dry to the touch in 24 hours, but can take up to 30 days to full cure.

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Faux Finishes

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Faux Finishes

French word meaning false. Faux finishes simulate the look of another materials, such as a stone or wood, by using various techniques to apply paints to a surface. More popular finishes are marble, granite, and wood grain looks.

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Paint can be applied in a number of different textures & patterns to Create a decorative finish on the wall.

Achieved by applying paint to the wall with materials other than a common paint brush.

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Marbleizing:• Treatment that looks like marble.

Stenciling:• Applying paint by using a cutout form to outline a

design or lettering.

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Sponging A sponge is dipped in the paint and dabbed on the wall

to add pattern.Paint is applied with a sponge over a base coat, giving a mottled or blotchy texture.

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SpatteringPaint on a brush is flipped onto the

base coat, giving a speckled appearance.

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Strippling Similar to sponging, but a more

delicate effect is achieved by using a strippling brush to apply a colored paint lightly over the base color.

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Ragging One or more colors are applied over the base

coat, and then partly removed by blotting or rolling with a rag to achieve a marbleized effect.Applied to pieces of cloth.

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GlazingLayers of one or more transparent

colors are applied on top of a base coat. The result gives the illusion of various depths on the wall.

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How Much Paint Do I Need

You end up with a number that is close to the actual wall area you have to cover with paint.

In general, you can expect 1 gallon of paint to cover about 350 square feet.

There are on-line paint calculators available to make this an easier process!

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WallpaperWallpaperWallpaperWallpaper

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WallpaperWallpaper• has been used to cover walls since

the 16th century in Europe and since colonial times in America.

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• The use of wallpaper can change the apparent dimensions of a room.

• A bold, bright wallpaper pattern can make a room appear smaller and a scenic pattern can make a room seem more spacious.

• Before purchasing wallpaper, you should bring home a large sample to try for color and pattern.

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Before purchasing wallpaper, you should

bring home a large sample to try for color

and pattern. Wallpaper can be washable,

scrubbable and strippable.

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•Vinyl-faced wallpaper is backed with fabric or heavy paper, it is durable and popular.

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Heavy embossed wallpaper

•has raised surface areas as a part of the design, can be used to create a formal effect.

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Prepasted wallpaper•is easy to “hang;” it must

be soaked briefly in water before hanging.

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• Strippable wallpaper is easily strippable, which means that it can be removed from the wall easily. Other papers must be removed by steaming and scraping.

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Grass ClothIs made of loosely woven plant

fibers that are backed with paper.

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BordersNarrow strips of decorative

wallpaper used around doors, windows, and areas where walls and ceilings meet or on wall in various heights parallel to the floor. Borders can be used alone or with other wall coverings.

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MuralsAre complete scene that do not

have a repeat. Some murals may require nine or ten panels to complete the scene murals are usually placed on only one wall in a room.

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•When purchasing wallpaper, match the batch numbers on all of the rolls purchased to insure colors match.

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Fabric• Can be attached to the wall with glue,

tape, or staples. • Stretched over a frame and hung on

the wall.• Add color, warmth, texture, and

interest to a room.

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Molding• is strips of wood or resin used for

trim or ornamentation in a room. The main purpose is to finish of a window, door, wall or to prevent damage to the wall.

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• Crown molding is hung were the ceiling meets the wall.

• 2. Plate/Picture rail is a wide molding hung 6 ft. off the ground used for display purposes

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Chair Rail• is hung 3 feet from the floor to

prevent the backs of chairs from damaging walls or for decoration.

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Baseboard/kickboards

• hide the break between the wall and floor.

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