Hot Topics 4 Months
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Transcript of Hot Topics 4 Months
8/8/2019 Hot Topics 4 Months
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/hot-topics-4-months 1/2
Recognizing Early Motor Delays
A Comparison Examination of 4 Month Old Infant
Typical
S u p i n e
Atypical
• Exhibits midline and
symmetry of head, eyes,
arms and legs• Shows visual engagement
and reaches out against
gravity
• Demonstrates frequent
antigravity extremity
movement, dissociating
from a more stable trunk
S i d e l y i n g
• Uses upper arm and
dissociated lower extremitiesto assist in facilitated roll• Sustains sidelying posture with
a balance of trunk flexor andextensor muscles
• Lifts head and upper trunk off the surface in preparation for independent rolling
P r o n e
• Brings shoulders andupper arms forward withelbows in front of shoulders
• Shows progressiontoward lower extremityextension and adduction
• Moves arms forward toreach for an object; turnshead freely to follow object
• Displays extensor activityinto the lumbar spine
P u l l t o
S i t
• Maintains head in
midline without head-lag
and with good chin tuck
• Lifts legs and activates
trunk muscles to assist in
maneuver
• Pulls forward with both
arms and abdominals to
assist further in pull to sit
• Displays asymmetry of head and extremities, with
head tilted and body curved• Does not show a balance
between extension andflexion
• Moves extremities randomly,but without expectedantigravity movement
• Is not visually engagedand does not track object
• Exhibits sluggishness in
top arm during facilitated roll• Does not sustain sidelying
posture; has inadequate
control in position
• Cannot lift head and upper
trunk off support surface
• Has flexed hips which shifts
weight forward while
keeping elbows behind
shoulders
• Uses only neck extension
instead of forearm weight
bearing; head lifting is
unsustained
• Does not have the
capability to shift weight
onto lower extremities
• Demonstrates head-lag
and cannot sustain head
lifting once upright
• Does not pull with arms;
no upper extremity
participation
• Appears not to anticipate
movement toward sitting
8/8/2019 Hot Topics 4 Months
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/hot-topics-4-months 2/2
Recognizing Early Motor Delays
A Comparison Examination of 4 Month Old Infants
Typical
S i t t i n g
Atypical
• Shows good head controland chin tuck, with headin midline
• Requires support only athips and pelvis; hasextension to mid-thoracic
spine• Begins to move in
anterior-posterior planesand comes back fromforward flexion at the hipsinto upright sitting
H o r i z o n t a l S
u s p e n s i o n
• Able to keep neck and trunkextended with head uprightto 45 degrees, steady andin midline
• Shows trunk extension intolumbar spine and scapular
adduction• Freely moves arms and legs
P r o t e c t i v e E
x t e n s i o n
• Displays extensionthrough neck, trunk andhips that is maintained
during forward tilting• Cannot bring arms fully
forward to surfacebecause they are beingused to sustain extension
S t a n d i n g
• Keeps hips just behindshoulders
• Has active extension into
lower thoracic andlumbar spine, but no fullhip extension
• Can sustain standingposture; requires minimalsupport at lower trunk toaid in balance
• Does not sustain headlifting; cannot turn head tolook side-to-side
• Must be held high under
the armpits for support• Uses extremity posturingto compensate for decreasedproximal strength
• Able to hold head up brieflybut cannot maintain it inmidline
• Cannot sustain thoracictrunk extension and does
not show hip extension• Cannot maintain trunkextension while movingarms and legs
• Unable to sustain strong
neck, trunk and hip
extension during forward
tilting
• Uses excessive asymmetry
and flexed arms to sustain
extension to avoid hitting
his head
• Requires support in theupper thoracic area tosustain standing
• Intermittent extensionused to produce head lifting
• Shoulders remain wellforward of hips
• Lacks adequate hip andtrunk control for sustainedweight bearing
For more information please contact
Pathways Awareness
Toll-free (800) 955-2445 · Fax (888) 795-5884 · TTY (800) 326-8154
http://www.pathwaysawareness.org · [email protected]
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