Hosp Functions
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Transcript of Hosp Functions
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HospitalsHospitals Roles andRoles and
FunctionsFunctions
Dr Amit M PatilDr Amit M PatilMr. Deepak PedhurkarMr. Deepak Pedhurkar
DHA 2010DHA 2010
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IntroductionIntroduction
Hospitals are an important component of healthHospitals are an important component of health
care system.care system.
Their importance within the health care systemsTheir importance within the health care systems
can be due to following reasonscan be due to following reasons
a.a. They account for substantial proportion of healthThey account for substantial proportion of health
care budget.care budget.
b.b. Policies they adopt has a major impact on overallPolicies they adopt has a major impact on overall
health care.health care.
c.c. Technological and pharmaceutical developmentsTechnological and pharmaceutical developments
along with evidence based managementalong with evidence based management
contribute significantly to population health.contribute significantly to population health.
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Definition of HospitalDefinition of Hospital
A hospital is an integral part of a social and A hospital is an integral part of a social and
medical organization, the function of which is tomedical organization, the function of which is to
provide for the population complete healthprovide for the population complete health
care, both curative and preventive, and whosecare, both curative and preventive, and whose
outpatient services reach out to the family andoutpatient services reach out to the family and
its home environment.its home environment.WHOWHO
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Types of hospitalsTypes of hospitals
A.A. Based on bed strengthBased on bed strength
i. Smalli. Small less than 100 beds.less than 100 beds.
ii. Mediumii. Medium 100 to 500 beds.100 to 500 beds.
iii. Largeiii. Large More than 500 beds.More than 500 beds.
B.B. Based on services renderedBased on services rendered
i. General servicesi. General servicesii. Specialityii. Speciality
iii. Super specialityiii. Super speciality
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C.C. Based on funding bodyBased on funding body
i.i. GovernmentGovernment
ii. Municipalii. Municipal
iii. Trustiii. Trust
iv. Specific Communityiv. Specific Communityv. Privatev. Private
D.D. Revenue generationRevenue generation
i.i. FreeFree
ii. Corporateii. Corporate
C.C. Teaching and non teaching hospitals.Teaching and non teaching hospitals.
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Differences between hospital and productionDifferences between hospital and production
industryindustry
FeaturesFeatures HospitalHospital IndustryIndustry
Raw materialRaw material HumanHuman Non humanNon human
Desired end productDesired end product HumanHuman Non humanNon human
StandardizationStandardization Not possibleNot possible Always carried outAlways carried out
ActivitiesActivities VariableVariable Well definedWell defined
ServicesServicesC
ontinuous, emergencyC
ontinuous, emergency Specified timeSpecified time
Time scheduleTime schedule Round the clockRound the clock Specified timeSpecified time
Duty scheduleDuty schedule Difficult workloadDifficult workload Controlled work loadControlled work load
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Differences contdDifferences contdFeaturesFeatures HospitalHospital IndustryIndustry
StaffStaff Varied personnelVaried personnel Each section has personsEach section has persons
of similar statusof similar status
AuthorityAuthority Multiple li nes of controlMultiple lines of control Vertical lineVertical line
Cooperation, coordinationCooperation, coordination EssentialEssential UsefulUseful
Performance appraisalPerformance appraisal Difficult to quantifyDifficult to quantify Easy to measureEasy to measure
Conflicts and tensionsConflicts and tensions FrequentFrequent Can be controlledCan be controlled
Services of doubtfulServices of doubtful
benefitsbenefits
May continueMay continue Can be stoppedCan be stopped
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Transformations in Health CareTransformations in Health Care
FromFrom ToTo
Health careHealth care Sick careSick care
Provider drivenProvider driven Buyer drivenBuyer driven
Sacred faith in doctorSacred faith in doctor DistrustDistrust
Do what seems bestDo what seems best Activities based on paymentActivities based on payment
Service industryService industry Corporate industryCorporate industry
General routine careGeneral routine care Specialized, sophisticated careSpecialized, sophisticated care
Low costLow cost High costHigh cost
Highly ethicalHighly ethical Highly technologicalHighly technological
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Components of HospitalComponents of Hospital
A.A. Hard wareHard ware
BuildingBuilding
FurnitureFurniture
EquipmentEquipment
MaterialsMaterials Consumable/Non consumableConsumable/Non consumable
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B.B. Soft wareSoft ware
a. Staffa. Staff
SkilledSkilled
SemiskilledSemiskilled
UnskilledUnskilled
b. Patientsb. Patients
PresentPresent PotentialPotential
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Functions of a HospitalFunctions of a Hospital
Functions
Patient care
Research
Employment
Societal
HealthSystemsupport
Teaching
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A.A. Medical care of sickMedical care of sick
1.1. Inpatient, out patient and day careInpatient, out patient and day care
2.2. Emergency and electiveEmergency and elective
3.3. RehabilitationRehabilitation
B.B. Prevention of diseasesPrevention of diseases1.1. Promotion of healthPromotion of health
2.2. Early diagnosis and treatmentEarly diagnosis and treatment
3.3. Primary and secondary prevention.Primary and secondary prevention.
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C.C. EducationEducation
1.1. UndergraduateUndergraduate
2.2. PostgraduatePostgraduate
3.3. Continuing educationContinuing education
4.4.
VocationalVocationalD.D. ResearchResearch
1.1. Basic researchBasic research
2.2. Clinical researchClinical research
3.3. EducationalEducational
4.4. Health service researchHealth service research
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E.E. Health system supportHealth system support
1.1. Source for referralsSource for referrals
2.2. Professional leadershipProfessional leadership
3.3. Base for out reach activitiesBase for out reach activities
4.4.
Management of primary careManagement of primary careF.F. Social functionsSocial functions
1.1. State legitimacyState legitimacy
2.2. Political symbolPolitical symbol
3.3. Provider of social careProvider of social care
4.4. Base for medical powerBase for medical power
5.5. Civic prideCivic pride
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G.G. EmploymentEmployment
1.1. Inside hospitalInside hospital
Health care professionalsHealth care professionals
Other health care workersOther health care workers
2.2. Outside hospitalOutside hospital SuppliersSuppliers
Transport servicesTransport services
OthersOthers
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A.A. Medical care of sickMedical care of sick
1.1. Inpatient, out patient and day careInpatient, out patient and day care
Indoor servicesIndoor services
Out patient servicesOut patient services
Day care servicesDay care services2.2. Emergency and elective servicesEmergency and elective services
Emergency careEmergency care
Emergency care in disaster situationsEmergency care in disaster situations
Elective careElective care
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3.3. RehabilitationRehabilitation defined asdefined as
the combined and coordinated use of medical, the combined and coordinated use of medical,
Social, educational and vocational measures forSocial, educational and vocational measures for
training or retraining the individual to the highesttraining or retraining the individual to the highest
possible level of functional ability.possible level of functional ability.
Continuous non ending activity.Continuous non ending activity.
Restoration of function in rehabilitativeRestoration of function in rehabilitativemedicine.medicine.
Involves physical medicine, OT, PT, speechInvolves physical medicine, OT, PT, speech
therapy, education and vocal guidance.therapy, education and vocal guidance.
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B.B. PreventionPrevention Prevention of diseases donePrevention of diseases done
byby
1.1. Promotion of healthPromotion of health
2.2. Early diagnosis and treatmentEarly diagnosis and treatment
3.3. Primary preventionPrimary prevention4.4. Secondary preventionSecondary prevention
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C.C. EducationEducation
Important function of the hospital.Important function of the hospital.
Provides training to the future professionalProvides training to the future professional
healthcare providers.healthcare providers.
It provides adequate facilities for teaching andIt provides adequate facilities for teaching and
research to address adverse health problems.research to address adverse health problems.
It imparts effective communication training.It imparts effective communication training.
Care of the patient is more scientific based.Care of the patient is more scientific based.
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D.D. ResearchResearch
Hospitals promotes research fornewHospitals promotes research fornew
knowledge generation.knowledge generation.
Teaching, research and patient care areTeaching, research and patient care are
interdependent.interdependent. Teaching hospitals are key components ofTeaching hospitals are key components of
health care system as they directly affect thehealth care system as they directly affect the
quality ofnew graduates and postgraduates.quality ofnew graduates and postgraduates.
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E.E. Health system supportHealth system support
Hospital support to other health careHospital support to other health care
services.services.
The relationship of hospital with other healthThe relationship of hospital with other health
care services varies.care services varies. Hospital has a central role of delivering allHospital has a central role of delivering all
types of health care facilities.types of health care facilities.
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F.F. EmploymentEmployment
Major employer.Major employer.
Labour intensive organization.Labour intensive organization.
3.2% of workforce employed in hospitals.3.2% of workforce employed in hospitals.
Policy makers emphasize more on this role.Policy makers emphasize more on this role.
Has huge impact on local socioeconomicHas huge impact on local socioeconomic
conditions.conditions.
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G.G. Social functionsSocial functions
a)a) State legitimacyState legitimacy
State bears the ultimate responsibility of providingState bears the ultimate responsibility of providing
good health care system.good health care system.
b)b) Political symbolPolitical symbol
Acts as a political symbol.Acts as a political symbol.
c)c) Provider of social careProvider of social care
Hospitals acts as a source of social as well asHospitals acts as a source of social as well as
health care.health care.
d)d) Civic prideCivic pride
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