Horse Breeds Spring 2006 M. Marler. Horses breeds can be classified by… the way the horse is...

Horse BreedsHorse Breeds

Spring 2006Spring 2006

M. MarlerM. Marler

Horses breeds can Horses breeds can be classified by…be classified by…

• the way the horse is ridden. (Tennessee Walking the way the horse is ridden. (Tennessee Walking Horse)Horse)

• the purpose the horse was bred for. (Quarter the purpose the horse was bred for. (Quarter Horse)Horse)

• a single horse that a breed originated from. a single horse that a breed originated from. (Morgan)(Morgan)

• the country or area of the breed’s origin. the country or area of the breed’s origin. (Arabian)(Arabian)

Popular Breeds in the USAPopular Breeds in the USA

• ThoroughbredThoroughbred

• Arabian Arabian

• American MustangAmerican Mustang

• American Quarter HorseAmerican Quarter Horse

• AppaloosaAppaloosa

• American Paint HorseAmerican Paint Horse

• ClydesdaleClydesdale

• MorganMorgan

• Paso FinoPaso Fino

ThoroughbredThoroughbred

Breed was Breed was developed in developed in England from the England from the finest Arabian finest Arabian horses crossed with horses crossed with native English native English mares.mares.


• Purpose: A horse Purpose: A horse that could maintain a that could maintain a high speed over high speed over distances of a couple distances of a couple miles.miles.

• Temperament: Temperament: Sensitive; Sensitive; sometimes “high sometimes “high strung”strung”


FerdinandFerdinand Average sale price for Average sale price for

US racing bred 2yr. US racing bred 2yr. Old $61,000.Old $61,000.

• Most paid for a Most paid for a Thoroughbred in Thoroughbred in history history – $16,000,000$16,000,000


• Colors: Predominately Colors: Predominately gray, bay, chestnut, gray, bay, chestnut, and brownand brown

• Very elegant and fine Very elegant and fine boned horseboned horse

• Average size: 15.2-17 Average size: 15.2-17 hands and 1,000lbs.hands and 1,000lbs.

ThoroughbredThoroughbredUses: Mainly racing; Uses: Mainly racing; also jumping, fox-also jumping, fox-hunting, dressage, 3-hunting, dressage, 3-day eventing, day eventing, pleasure ridingpleasure riding

• Also used as a Also used as a foundational or foundational or “appendix” breed for “appendix” breed for other breedsother breeds

ArabianArabian

http://hughesarabians.com/straight/index.html

ArabianArabian

• Developed by Bedouin Developed by Bedouin tribes in Arab countries tribes in Arab countries over thousands of yearsover thousands of years

• Purpose: Used for Purpose: Used for transportation over long transportation over long distances and wardistances and war

• Foundation breed to Foundation breed to nearly every breed known nearly every breed known todaytoday

ArabianArabian

ArabianArabian

• Temperament: Sensitive; Highly intelligent; Temperament: Sensitive; Highly intelligent; Often “high strung”Often “high strung”

• Average Size: 14.2 to 15.2 hands; small; 800-Average Size: 14.2 to 15.2 hands; small; 800-1,000 lbs.1,000 lbs.

• Very elegant and fine boned horseVery elegant and fine boned horse

• ““Dished face”Dished face”http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E-CkWKonST0

American MustangsAmerican Mustangs

American MustangAmerican Mustang

• Originated from the Originated from the Spanish Andulsians Spanish Andulsians brought over by brought over by Spanish explorers.Spanish explorers.

• There were no horses There were no horses on the US continents on the US continents prior to the Spanish prior to the Spanish exploration.exploration.


• Pure Spanish horses Pure Spanish horses mixed with other mixed with other settlers horses and settlers horses and ran wild ran wild

• Kiger Mustangs are Kiger Mustangs are one of the purest one of the purest bloodlines from the bloodlines from the original Spanish original Spanish horses,horses,

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sJPwOs8sW4A

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jZGr6sMeo7g&feature=related


• Comes in all colors and Comes in all colors and many sizesmany sizes

• Protected by the Bureau Protected by the Bureau of Land Managementof Land Management

• May be “adopted”May be “adopted”

• Very hardy horses with Very hardy horses with great stamina and sound great stamina and sound legs and feetlegs and feet

American Quarter HorseAmerican Quarter Horse


• Originated from Spanish Originated from Spanish Mustang, Thoroughbred racing Mustang, Thoroughbred racing stock, and some draft horsesstock, and some draft horses

• Purpose: Originally bred to Purpose: Originally bred to race a ¼ mile. This was the race a ¼ mile. This was the length of most small American length of most small American towns in the late 1800’stowns in the late 1800’s

• Also used as a “cow pony” for Also used as a “cow pony” for herding cattleherding cattle


• Claims the title “America’s Horse” for its Claims the title “America’s Horse” for its versatilityversatility

• Quarter Horses are used for both english Quarter Horses are used for both english and western disciplines such as cutting, and western disciplines such as cutting, reining, pleasure, dressage, and jumping.reining, pleasure, dressage, and jumping.

• All solid colors and roans; No white All solid colors and roans; No white markings above the knee markings above the knee


• Temperament: Intelligent Temperament: Intelligent but generally quiet, but generally quiet, gentle, and easily trainedgentle, and easily trained

• Average Size: 14.2-15.2 Average Size: 14.2-15.2 hands; 1,000-1,200 lbs.hands; 1,000-1,200 lbs.

• Known for being “stocky” Known for being “stocky” and heavily muscledand heavily muscled

AppaloosaAppaloosa

• Developed by the Nez Developed by the Nez Perce Indian tribe which Perce Indian tribe which lived near the Palouse lived near the Palouse river in Idahoriver in Idaho

• Developed through careful Developed through careful and selective breedingand selective breeding

• Original purpose: Buffalo Original purpose: Buffalo hunting; horses had to be hunting; horses had to be swift and courageousswift and courageous

http://movieclips.com/oPb8X-dances-with-wolves-movie-the-buffalo-hunt/

AppaloosaAppaloosa

• Horses were Horses were regarded by white regarded by white men as being of very men as being of very high qualityhigh quality

• Herds were dispersed Herds were dispersed after the Nez Perce after the Nez Perce War of 1877War of 1877

AppaloosaAppaloosa

• Characteristics: Characteristics: Spotted coat pattern, Spotted coat pattern, mottled skin, white mottled skin, white sclera around the sclera around the eye, striped hooves, eye, striped hooves, short tailsshort tails

AppaloosaAppaloosa

• Uses: Multi-purpose; Uses: Multi-purpose; Perform well in English Perform well in English & Western disciplines; & Western disciplines; good stock and rodeo good stock and rodeo horses, excellent horses, excellent jumpersjumpers

American Paint HorseAmerican Paint Horse

• Developed sporadically Developed sporadically through mustang herds through mustang herds on the American plainson the American plains

• 22ndnd largest breed registry largest breed registry in U.S.A.in U.S.A.

• Characteristics: One of Characteristics: One of three distinct splotched three distinct splotched patternspatterns (Overo, Tobiano, (Overo, Tobiano, and Tovero)and Tovero)

TobianoTobiano

• Dark color Dark color covers one or covers one or both flanks.both flanks.

• All four legs All four legs are whiteare white

• Head markings Head markings are like a solid are like a solid colored horsecolored horse

OveroOvero

White does not cross White does not cross the back between the the back between the withers and the tailwithers and the tail

At least one and often At least one and often all four legs are dark.all four legs are dark.

Head markings are Head markings are distinctive.distinctive.

ToveroTovero

Dark pigmentation Dark pigmentation around the ears around the ears and mouthand mouth

One or both of the One or both of the eyes may be blue.eyes may be blue.

Dark splotches on Dark splotches on chest and flank.chest and flank.

American Paint HorseAmerican Paint Horse

• Conformation, size, Conformation, size, temperament, and temperament, and purpose closely purpose closely resemble the resemble the American Quarter American Quarter HorseHorse

ClydesdaleClydesdale


• Draft breed developed Draft breed developed in England.in England.

• Bred to haul heavy Bred to haul heavy loadsloads

• Common colors: Bay, Common colors: Bay, black, brown; black, brown; occasionally chestnut occasionally chestnut or roanor roan


• White markings are common on face and White markings are common on face and legslegs

• Legs have “feathers” or long, silky hairsLegs have “feathers” or long, silky hairs

• Generally 16 to 18 hands; Generally 16 to 18 hands; ____________________________________________________________


http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=veQAJ4qlltU

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nGx4E8w5VHg&NR=1

MorganMorgan

• All originated from one All originated from one foal “Figure” born in 1789 foal “Figure” born in 1789 and owned by Justin and owned by Justin Morgan. Morgan.

• ““Figure” became famous Figure” became famous for being able to “out-for being able to “out-walk, out-trot, out-run, walk, out-trot, out-run, and out-pull” other horsesand out-pull” other horses

• Recognized as America’s Recognized as America’s first horse breedfirst horse breed

MorganMorgan

• Known as the Known as the preferred breed of preferred breed of American calvary.American calvary.

• Served as a Served as a foundation breed for foundation breed for Quarter Horses, Quarter Horses, Tennessee Walking Tennessee Walking Horses, and Horses, and StandardbredsStandardbreds

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I1Y2Iyr7wYQ&feature=related

MorganMorgan

• Intelligent with gentle Intelligent with gentle dispositionsdispositions

• Generally smaller Generally smaller horses; 14.2 -15.2 horses; 14.2 -15.2 hands highhands high

• Frequently bay, brown, Frequently bay, brown, and black; may be and black; may be most solid colorsmost solid colors

MorganMorgan

• Purpose: Used Purpose: Used predominately in predominately in English disciplines but English disciplines but also in Westernalso in Western

• Popular for Carriage Popular for Carriage Driving EventsDriving Events

Paso FinoPaso Fino

Known as the “smoothest Known as the “smoothest riding horse in the world.”riding horse in the world.”

Bred from Spanish Bred from Spanish Andalusians and Spanish Andalusians and Spanish Barbs (Arabians)Barbs (Arabians)

Bred by Spanish Bred by Spanish conquistadors and early conquistadors and early Spanish plantation Spanish plantation owners in the Caribbean owners in the Caribbean and Latin Americaand Latin America

Paso FinoPaso Fino

““Paso Fino” means the Paso Fino” means the “fine walk” or “fine “fine walk” or “fine movement”.movement”.

Has three gaits which Has three gaits which are as follows:are as follows:– Classic FinoClassic Fino– Paso CortoPaso Corto– Paso LargoPaso Largo

Paso FinoPaso Fino

Very small horses or Very small horses or poniesponies

Typically, 13 to 15.2 Typically, 13 to 15.2 hands highhands high

Weigh only 700 to 1,100 Weigh only 700 to 1,100 lbs.lbs.

Compete in Western Compete in Western events, endurance races, events, endurance races, and Spanish classesand Spanish classes

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OZsGXUCDHA8&feature=related

AndalusianAndalusian

Thought of for many Thought of for many centuries as centuries as “perfection in “perfection in horseflesh”.horseflesh”.

The preferred horse The preferred horse for nobility and war in for nobility and war in the Middle Ages.the Middle Ages.

The breed Cortes The breed Cortes brought to America.brought to America.


Descended from the Descended from the Spanish Barb.Spanish Barb.

A foundation breed A foundation breed for many breeds.for many breeds.

From Andalusia, From Andalusia, SpainSpain


Color: Usually gray Color: Usually gray and occasionally bay, and occasionally bay, black, palomino, and black, palomino, and buckskinbuckskin

Height: 15.2-16.2 Height: 15.2-16.2 hands tallhands tall

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t_d96bxojwg&feature=related

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DncGM9cq3w0&feature=related

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Aib8149E4k8

Horse Breeds Spring 2006 M. Marler. Horses breeds can be classified by… the way the horse is...

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