HORMONES AND CANCER

HORMONES AND CANCER Richin john koshy

OVERVIEW: HORMONES HORMONE DEPENDENT CANCER RISK FACTORS CAUSING CANCER PATHOPHYSIOLOGY THERAPEUTIC MEDICATIONS CONCLUSION

Hormones are peptide or a steroid which is produced by a tissue and conveyed to the bloodstream to the target organs for maturation

Hormones are involved in growth and development of an individual

HORMONE DEPENDENT CANCERS: Hormones share a strong bond in cancer and

its progression and the role in which hormones play in cancer are seen in breast ,prostate and ovaries

RISK FACTORS : BREAST CANCER

Null ParityEarly Menarche Late MenopauseHormone Replacement TheraphyHigh Fat Diet Oral Contraceptive Pills ? DEBATE

RISK FACTORS: PROSTATE CANCER

Ethnic groupAndrogen receptor

PATHOPHYSIOLOGY

ANTI ANDROGENS :Bicalutamide and Nilutamide which block the binding of androgen to receptors are commonly used as a hormonal therapy

GNRH AGONIST :Leuprolide acetate or Goserelin

acetate can be given which eventually leads to chemical castration

• Testosterone hormone stimulates the growth of cancerous cells and it

is the fuel for cancerous growth

•Luteinising hormone from the anterior pituitary stimulates the release of

testosterone from the testes and hormonal therapy in prostate cancer is

androgen deprivation which can be accomplished surgically by

orchidectomy (castration ) as the body's source of testosterone is removed

Conclusion Breast and Prostate tumours have a common

feature in that at some stage in their evolution they were hormone dependent cancers, and therefore hormone therapy is an intuitively obvious therapeutic approach

Refrences

Risbridger ,G.P et al.Breast and prostate cancer more similiar than diffrent .Nature (2010) Ricke, W. A. et al. Prostatic hormonal carcinogenesis ismediated by in situ estrogen

production and estrogen trial. J. Urol. 176, 965–970 (2006) Ma, X. J., Dahiya, S., Richardson, E., Erlander, M. &Sgroi, D. C. Gene expression profiling of

the tumor microenvironment during breast cancer progression.Breast Cancer Res. 11, 7 (2009).