HOMEWORKQUIZZES-1

HOMEWORK

Title:Homework #1

Started:January 13, 2009 9:37 PM

Submitted:January 13, 2009 9:46 PM

Time spent:00:09:04

Total score:23/23 = 100% Total score adjusted by 0.0 Maximum possible score: 23

1.

Please match the term with the descriptor.

a positively charged ion

a negatively charged ion

bond when atom share electrons

bond between ions of opposite charges

bond when 2 molecules share an atom of hydrogen

anion

hyddrogen bond

cation

covalent bond

ionic bond

Statement

Response

Value

a positively charged ion

cation

20.0%

a negatively charged ion

anion

20.0%

bond when atom share electrons

covalent bond

20.0%

bond between ions of opposite charges

ionic bond

20.0%

bond when 2 molecules share an atom of hydrogen

hyddrogen bond

20.0%

Score:

5/5

2.

Match the term with the descriptor.

a reaction that involves an atom losing an electron

a reaction that involves an atom gaining an electron

when molecules move from greater to lesser concentration

at least 2 atoms hooked together

reduction reaction

oxidation reaction

diffusion

molecule

Statement

Response

Value

a reaction that involves an atom losing an electron

oxidation reaction

25.0%

a reaction that involves an atom gaining an electron

reduction reaction

25.0%

when molecules move from greater to lesser concentration

diffusion

25.0%

at least 2 atoms hooked together

molecule

25.0%

Score:

4/4

3.

Please match the following terms about the parts of an atom.

particles that make up all matter

in nucleus and has positive charge

in nucleus and has neutral charge

outside nucleus and has negtive charge

another name for energy level

electron

proton

atoms

neutron

shell

Statement

Response

Value

particles that make up all matter

atoms

20.0%

in nucleus and has positive charge

proton

20.0%

in nucleus and has neutral charge

neutron

20.0%

outside nucleus and has negtive charge

electron

20.0%

another name for energy level

shell

20.0%

Score:

5/5

4.

Match the answer to the descriptor about pH.

substance that prevents a change in pH

physiological pH

pH of an acid

pH of a base

7.35 -7.45

0-6

buffer

8-14

Statement

Response

Value

substance that prevents a change in pH

buffer

25.0%

physiological pH

7.35 -7.45

25.0%

pH of an acid

0-6

25.0%

pH of a base

8-14

25.0%

Score:

4/4

5.

What term is described by each phrase.

an insoluble solid compound in a solution

molecules with partial charges

molecules that share electrons equally

another name for "water loving"

another name for molecules that hate water

hydrophilic

precipitate

non-polar

hydrophobic

polar

Statement

Response

Value

an insoluble solid compound in a solution

precipitate

20.0%

molecules with partial charges

polar

20.0%

molecules that share electrons equally

non-polar

20.0%

another name for "water loving"

hydrophilic

20.0%

another name for molecules that hate water

hydrophobic

20.0%

Score:

5/5

Title:Homework #2



Time spent:00:09:43


1.

Please match the term with its description.

a question to be considered, solved or answered

when you take note of something

a proposed explaination that can be tested

a way to test a hypothesis under controlled conditions

the summary outcome of an experiment

experiment

hypothesis

conclusion

observation

problem

Statement

Response

Value

a question to be considered, solved or answered

problem

20.0%

when you take note of something

observation

20.0%

a proposed explaination that can be tested

hypothesis

20.0%

a way to test a hypothesis under controlled conditions

experiment

20.0%

the summary outcome of an experiment

conclusion

20.0%

Score:

5/5

2.


factor or condition that may be changed

when your results are affected by your beliefs

the group that you compare with the experimental group

2 or more factors changing at the same time

repeating an experiment to verify results

control

replication

correlation

bias

variable

Statement

Response

Value

factor or condition that may be changed

variable

20.0%

when your results are affected by your beliefs

bias

20.0%

the group that you compare with the experimental group

control

20.0%

2 or more factors changing at the same time

correlation

20.0%

repeating an experiment to verify results

replication

20.0%

Score:

5/5

3.

Please match the term with the descriptor

another name for human intervention study

measurements that are quantifiable, valid, reliable and unbiased

measurements that are opinion and feelings

way to assure that experiments are correctly interpreted

scientific explaination that may be proven wrong

theory

peer-review

objective

clincial trial

subjective

Statement

Response

Value

another name for human intervention study

clincial trial

20.0%

measurements that are quantifiable, valid, reliable and unbiased

objective

20.0%

measurements that are opinion and feelings

subjective

20.0%

way to assure that experiments are correctly interpreted

peer-review

20.0%

scientific explaination that may be proven wrong

theory

20.0%

Score:

5/5

4.


studies that observe people over time

responsibilities of Institutional Review Board

responsibilities of Animal Care and Usage Commitee

sham treatment, indisinguishable from the real treatment

when only researchers know who got the treatment

placebo

protecting human research subjects

longitudinal

ensure proper treatment of research animals

single-blind

Statement

Response

Value

studies that observe people over time

longitudinal

20.0%

responsibilities of Institutional Review Board

protecting human research subjects

20.0%

responsibilities of Animal Care and Usage Commitee

ensure proper treatment of research animals

20.0%

sham treatment, indisinguishable from the real treatment

placebo

20.0%

when only researchers know who got the treatment

single-blind

20.0%

Score:

5/5

Title:Homework #3



Time spent:00:18:43


1.

Please match the terms with the correct descriptor

bacterial cell

mammalian cell

cellular machinery for making proteins

molecule that carries amino acids for protein synthesis

pattern used in protein synthesis

ribosomal RNA, aka ribosomes

eukaryotic cell

prokaryotic cell

messenger RNA

transfer RNA

Statement

Response

Value

bacterial cell

prokaryotic cell

20.0%

mammalian cell

eukaryotic cell

20.0%

cellular machinery for making proteins

ribosomal RNA, aka ribosomes

20.0%

molecule that carries amino acids for protein synthesis

transfer RNA

20.0%

pattern used in protein synthesis

messenger RNA

20.0%

Score:

5/5

2.

Match the name of the organelle with its principal function

transport into the cell

transport out of the cell

digestion of foriegn or damaged material

contains the chromosomes

synthesis of export proteins

lysosomes

exocytotic vesicles

nucleus

rough endoplasmic reticulum

endocytotic vesicles

Statement

Response

Value

transport into the cell

endocytotic vesicles

20.0%

transport out of the cell

exocytotic vesicles

20.0%

digestion of foriegn or damaged material

lysosomes

20.0%

contains the chromosomes

nucleus

20.0%

synthesis of export proteins

rough endoplasmic reticulum

20.0%

Score:

5/5

3.

Match the name of the organelle with its principal function

degredation of toxic compounds (detoxification)

modification and packaging of proteins

ATP production

watery fluid that fills the cell

enclosure that holds organelles of the cell

cytoplasm

peroxisomes

mitochondria

golgi

plasma membrane

Statement

Response

Value

degredation of toxic compounds (detoxification)

peroxisomes

20.0%

modification and packaging of proteins

golgi

20.0%

ATP production

mitochondria

20.0%

watery fluid that fills the cell

cytoplasm

20.0%

enclosure that holds organelles of the cell

plasma membrane

20.0%

Score:

5/5

4.

The following terms are related in some way to the plasma membrane. Please match the term with the appropriate descriptor.

how large molecules get into a cell

how large molecules are excreted from a cell

the main component of plasma membrane

another lipid found in plasm membrane other than main component

things in membrane that help molecules get across

exocytosis

cholesterol

transport proteins

endocytosis

phospholipid

Statement

Response

Value

how large molecules get into a cell

endocytosis

20.0%

how large molecules are excreted from a cell

exocytosis

20.0%

the main component of plasma membrane

phospholipid

20.0%

another lipid found in plasm membrane other than main component

cholesterol

20.0%

things in membrane that help molecules get across

transport proteins

20.0%

Score:

5/5

Title:Homework #4



Time spent:00:17:43


1.

The following terms are related to the cellular production of energy. Please match the term with the appropriate descriptor.

that which cannot be created or destroyed

in nature, things naturally go toward what?

type of energy from braking molecular bonds

basic energy currency of the body

series of chemical reactions to break down carbohydrate

cellular respiration

chemical

ATP

energy

disorder

Statement

Response

Value

that which cannot be created or destroyed

energy

20.0%

in nature, things naturally go toward what?

disorder

20.0%

type of energy from braking molecular bonds

chemical

20.0%

basic energy currency of the body

ATP

20.0%

series of chemical reactions to break down carbohydrate

cellular respiration

20.0%

Score:

5/5

2.

The following relates to cellular metabolism. Match the term with the appropriate descriptor.

making a chemical bond

breaking a chemical bond

the electron transport chain

the TCA cycle

glycolysis

requires oxygen

produces pyruvate

releases energy

requires energy

produces carbon dioxide

Statement

Response

Value

making a chemical bond

releases energy

0.0%

breaking a chemical bond

requires energy

0.0%

the electron transport chain

requires oxygen

20.0%

the TCA cycle

produces carbon dioxide

20.0%

glycolysis

produces pyruvate

20.0%

Score:

3/5

3.

The following relates to cellular metabolism. Match the term with the appropriate descriptor.

energy production in the absence of oxygen

energy production in presence of oxgyen

where glycolysis occurs

where TCA occurs

where electron transport occurs

anaerobic

mitochondial membrane

mitochondria

cytoplasm

aerobic

Statement

Response

Value

energy production in the absence of oxygen

anaerobic

20.0%

energy production in presence of oxgyen

aerobic

20.0%

where glycolysis occurs

cytoplasm

20.0%

where TCA occurs

mitochondria

20.0%

where electron transport occurs

mitochondial membrane

20.0%

Score:

5/5

4.

The following relates to chemical reactions that occur in the body. Match the following with the appropriate descriptor.

molecule which catalyzes metabolic reactions

molecule which assists an enzyme

the thing which an enzyme acts upon

the thing which an enzyme makes

ordered sequence of chemical reactions

metabolic pathway

cofactor

substrate

enzyme

product

Statement

Response

Value

molecule which catalyzes metabolic reactions

enzyme

20.0%

molecule which assists an enzyme

cofactor

20.0%

the thing which an enzyme acts upon

substrate

20.0%

the thing which an enzyme makes

product

20.0%

ordered sequence of chemical reactions

metabolic pathway

20.0%

Score:

5/5

Title:Homework #5



Time spent:00:03:18


1.

The following relates to interactions between water and particles. Match the following term with the appropriate descriptor.

fluid inside a cell

movement of water toward a concentration of particles

spontaneous movement of particles toward lesser concentration

a type of diffusion where the process is assisted by a carrier or transport protein

type of transport that moves a particle toward a higher concentration

facilitated

active

osmosis

diffusion

intracellular

Statement

Response

Value

fluid inside a cell

intracellular

20.0%

movement of water toward a concentration of particles

osmosis

20.0%

spontaneous movement of particles toward lesser concentration

diffusion

20.0%

a type of diffusion where the process is assisted by a carrier or transport protein

facilitated

20.0%

type of transport that moves a particle toward a higher concentration

active

20.0%

Score:

5/5

2.

Regarding homeostatic control systems, match the term with the appropriate descriptor.

first to notice imbalance in internal environment

where signals are received and response coordinated

the tissues and organs that carry out the response

response that will correct a change in the body

response that anticipates a change in the body

negative feedback loop

effector systems

sensors

feed forward loop

integrating center

Statement

Response

Value

first to notice imbalance in internal environment

sensors

20.0%

where signals are received and response coordinated

integrating center

20.0%

the tissues and organs that carry out the response

effector systems

20.0%

response that will correct a change in the body

negative feedback loop

20.0%

response that anticipates a change in the body

feed forward loop

20.0%

Score:

5/5

Title:Homework #6

Started:February 6, 2009 3:50 PM

Submitted:February 6, 2009 3:52 PM

Time spent:00:02:06


1.

Please match the compound with its function.

gastrin

secretin

CCK

bicarbonate

saliva

tells pancrease to secrete bicarbonate

tells gall bladder to contract and release bile

stimulates secretion of gastric juice

neutralizes the acidic chyme in small intestine

mostens food and contains some digestive enzymes

Statement

Response

Value

gastrin

stimulates secretion of gastric juice

20.0%

secretin

tells pancrease to secrete bicarbonate

20.0%

CCK

tells gall bladder to contract and release bile

20.0%

bicarbonate

neutralizes the acidic chyme in small intestine

20.0%

saliva

mostens food and contains some digestive enzymes

20.0%

Score:

5/5

2.

Please match the GI term with the descriptor.

peristalsis

chyme

villi

microflora

microvilli

form brush border in small intestine

bacteria that inhabit the large intestine

rhythmic muscle contractions that move food

fingerlike projections in small intestine

partially digested food mixed with stomach secretions

Statement

Response

Value

peristalsis

rhythmic muscle contractions that move food

20.0%

chyme

partially digested food mixed with stomach secretions

20.0%

villi

fingerlike projections in small intestine

20.0%

microflora

bacteria that inhabit the large intestine

20.0%

microvilli

form brush border in small intestine

20.0%

Score:

5/5

3.

Please match the GI term with the description of its location.

duodenum

parietal and chief cells

hepatic portal vein

lymphatic system

appendix

stomach

parallel to blood vessels throughout body

first section of small intestine

intersection of small and large intestines

between intestines and liver

Statement

Response

Value

duodenum

first section of small intestine

20.0%

parietal and chief cells

stomach

20.0%

hepatic portal vein

between intestines and liver

20.0%

lymphatic system

parallel to blood vessels throughout body

20.0%

appendix

intersection of small and large intestines

20.0%

Score:

5/5

Title:Homework #7



Time spent:00:06:07


1.

Please match the part of the lower GI tract with its function.

large intestine

small intestine

pancreas

liver

gall bladder

fermentation of some fibers occurs here

most nutrients are absorbed here

makes digestive enzymes and bicarbonate

makes bile

stores bile

Statement

Response

Value

large intestine

fermentation of some fibers occurs here

20.0%

small intestine

most nutrients are absorbed here

20.0%

pancreas

makes digestive enzymes and bicarbonate

20.0%

liver

makes bile

20.0%

gall bladder

stores bile

20.0%

Score:

5/5

2.

Please match the part of the upper GI tract with its function

mouth

stomach

esophagus

trachea

pyloric sphincter

mixes food with saliva

controls release of chyme from stomach

allows are to pass to and from lungs

connects mouth to stomach

temporary storage for food

Statement

Response

Value

mouth

mixes food with saliva

20.0%

stomach

temporary storage for food

20.0%

esophagus

connects mouth to stomach

20.0%

trachea

allows are to pass to and from lungs

20.0%

pyloric sphincter

controls release of chyme from stomach

20.0%

Score:

5/5

3.

Please match the term with the appropriate descriptor

stores waste prior to evacuation (defecation)

second section of small intestine

third section of small intestine

another name for large intestine

cell of small intestine responsible for absorption

most muscular organ in GI tract

organ that makes bile but doesn't make digestive enzymes

portion of food swallowed at one time

molecule that carries out digestion

name of system of blood vessels

name of system of lymph vessels

liver

colon

jejunum

enterocyte

rectum

lymphatic

circulatory or vasular

enzyme

ileum

stomach

bolus

Statement

Response

Value

stores waste prior to evacuation (defecation)

rectum

9.09%

second section of small intestine

jejunum

9.09%

third section of small intestine

ileum

9.09%

another name for large intestine

colon

9.09%

cell of small intestine responsible for absorption

enterocyte

9.09%

most muscular organ in GI tract

stomach

9.09%

organ that makes bile but doesn't make digestive enzymes

liver

9.09%

portion of food swallowed at one time

bolus

9.09%

molecule that carries out digestion

enzyme

9.09%

name of system of blood vessels

circulatory or vasular

9.09%

name of system of lymph vessels

lymphatic

9.1%

Score:

11/11

Title:Homework #8

Started:March 23, 2009 8:29 PM

Submitted:March 23, 2009 8:32 PM

Time spent:00:03:15


1.

Please match the following disease or condition to its descriptor.

result of insufficient production of insulin

a deficiency of lactase that causes malabsorption of milk sugar

inability to respond properly to insulin

abnormally low blood glucose

blood vessels become partially blocked by plaque

hypoglycemia

cardiovascular disease

Type I diabetes mellitus

lactose intolerance

Type II diabetes mellitus

Statement

Response

Value

result of insufficient production of insulin

Type I diabetes mellitus

20.0%

a deficiency of lactase that causes malabsorption of milk sugar

lactose intolerance

20.0%

inability to respond properly to insulin

Type II diabetes mellitus

20.0%

abnormally low blood glucose

hypoglycemia

20.0%

blood vessels become partially blocked by plaque

cardiovascular disease

20.0%

Score:

5/5

2.

Please match the following term with its function.

glucagon

glycogen

gluconeogenesis

glycolysis

glycemic index

metabolic pathway that makes blood sugar from protein

increase blood sugar when it is low

the storage form of carbohydrate in animals

metabolic pathway that makes pyruvate from glucose

effect of a given amount of food on blood sugar

Statement

Response

Value

glucagon

increase blood sugar when it is low

20.0%

glycogen

the storage form of carbohydrate in animals

20.0%

gluconeogenesis

metabolic pathway that makes blood sugar from protein

20.0%

glycolysis

metabolic pathway that makes pyruvate from glucose

20.0%

glycemic index

effect of a given amount of food on blood sugar

20.0%

Score:

5/5

3.

Please match the carbohydrate term to the descriptor.

a disaccharide

common examples are pectins and gums

storage form of carbohydrate in plants

common examples are lignin and cellulose

combines with glucose to make lactose

galactose

insoluble fiber

soluble fiber

maltose

starch

Statement

Response

Value

a disaccharide

maltose

20.0%

common examples are pectins and gums

soluble fiber

20.0%

storage form of carbohydrate in plants

starch

20.0%

common examples are lignin and cellulose

insoluble fiber

20.0%

combines with glucose to make lactose

galactose

20.0%

Score:

5/5

4.

Please indicate the location where the following enzyme or action occurs.

lactase digests lactose

salivary amylase digests starch

production of pancreatic amylase

fermentation of fiber

breakdown of starch into disaccharides

intestinal brush border

pancreas

lumen of small intestine

mouth

large intestine

Statement

Response

Value

lactase digests lactose

intestinal brush border

20.0%

salivary amylase digests starch

mouth

20.0%

production of pancreatic amylase

pancreas

20.0%

fermentation of fiber

large intestine

20.0%

breakdown of starch into disaccharides

lumen of small intestine

20.0%

Score:

5/5

5.

Please match the following carbohydrate term with the descriptor.

form of sugar in blood

found in fruits and vegetables

2 molecules of glucose

otherwise known as table sugar

disaccharide found in animal milk

fructose

lactose

maltose

sucrose

glucose

Statement

Response

Value

form of sugar in blood

glucose

20.0%

found in fruits and vegetables

fructose

20.0%

2 molecules of glucose

maltose

20.0%

otherwise known as table sugar

sucrose

20.0%

disaccharide found in animal milk

lactose

20.0%

Score:

5/5

Title:Homework #9



Time spent:00:12:29

Total score:14/15 = 93.3333% Total score adjusted by 0.0 Maximum possible score: 15

1.

Which of the following carbohydrates is not absorbed in its current form?

Student Response

Value

Feedback

A.

glucose

B.

fructose

C.

sucrose

100%

Correct. Sucrose has to be broken down to glucose and fructose before it can be absorbed.

D.

galactose

Score:

1/1

2.

Which metabolic pathway will produce energy from carbohydrate in the absence of oxygen.

Student Response

Value

Feedback

A.

glycolysis

100%

Correct

B.

TCA cycle

C.

electron transport chain

D.

Kreb's cycle

Score:

1/1

3.

Which of the following is the hormone that causes blood glucose to increase?

Student Response

Value

Feedback

A.

glycogen

B.

insulin

C.

norepinephrine

D.

glucagon

100%

Correct. Glucagon stimulates the body to make new glucose. It also causes the body to utilize other macronutrients for energy in order to "spare" blood glucose.

Score:

1/1

4.

Which of the following is NOT a disaccharide?

Student Response

Value

Feedback

A.

lactose

B.

galactose

100%

Correct

C.

sucrose

D.

maltose

Score:

1/1

5.

Which of these enzymes is NOT active in the duodenum?

Student Response

Value

Feedback

A.

salivary amylase

100%

Correct. Salivary amylase has been denatured by acid in the stomach so it is not active in the small intestine.

B.

pancreatic amylase

C.

sucrase

D.

maltase

Score:

1/1

6.

Which of the following is NOT a possible fate of ingested glucose?

Student Response

Value

Feedback

A.

storage as glycogen

B.

conversion to fat

C.

immediate utilization for energy

D.

conversion to protein

100%

Correct. Carbohydrate cannot be converted to protein.

Score:

1/1

7.

Which of the following is NOT true about fermentable fibers.

Student Response

Value

Feedback

A.

they provide calories to the consumer

B.

feeds microorganisms in the large intestine

C.

pass out in the feces

100%

Correct choice. Fermentable fibers are fermented into other products. They do not stay intact and pass into the feces.

D.

produces short chain fatty acids

Score:

1/1

8.

Which of the following is NOT true about glucose?

Student Response

Value

Feedback

A.

is the sugar that circulates in the blood

B.

is the most common monosaccharide

C.

commonly occurs in food as a monosaccharide

100%

Correct choice. Glucose does not commonly occur as a monosaccharide in food.

D.

is hydrophilic

Score:

1/1

9.

Which of the following is NOT true about insoluble fiber?

Student Response

Value

Feedback

A.

increases fecal mass

B.

is the structural or woody parts of plants

C.

accelerates transit of food through the GI

D.

causes chyme to become visous in the small intestine

100%

Correct choice. It is soluble fiber, not the insoluble fiber, that causes GI contents to become viscous.

Score:

1/1

10.

Which of the following is NOT a monosaccharide?

Student Response

Value

Feedback

A.

lactose

100%

Correct choice. Lactose is a disaccharide.

B.

glucose

C.

fructose

D.

galactose

Score:

1/1

11.

Which of the following is the polysaccharide found in animal tissue?

Student Response

Value

Feedback

A.

amylose

B.

starch

C.

glucagon

D.

glycogen

100%

Correct choice. Glycogen is the storage form of carbohydrate in animals.

Score:

1/1

12.

Which of the following is NOT true about prebiotics?

Student Response

Value

Feedback

A.

they include fermentable fiber

B.

they include oligosaccharides

C.

they include edible microorganisms

100%

Correct choice. Microorganisms are "probiotics" not prebiotics.

D.

they will cause the production of short chain fatty acids

Score:

1/1

13.

Which of the following is NOT an effect of soluble fiber?

Student Response

Value

Feedback

A.

delays stomach emptying

B.

decreased transit time of food through GI

100%

Correct choice. Soluble fiber increases transit time (makes things take longer)

C.

delays glucose absorption

D.

lowers blood cholesterol

Score:

1/1

14.

Which are the 2 tissues that must have glucose for energy?

Student Response

Value

Feedback

A.

brain and heart

B.

central nervous system and red blood cells

100%

Correct

C.

brain and duodenum

D.

central nervous system and skeletal muscle

Score:

1/1

15.

What is NOT true about the absorption and transport of glucose.

Student Response

Value

Feedback

A.

glucose is absorbed into the capillaries of the villus

B.

glucose is carried directly to the liver from the gut

C.

glucose is transported around the body via the circulatory system

0%

Incorrect

D.

glucose is carried to the liver via the hepatic artery

Score:

0/1

Title:Homework #10



Time spent:00:08:37


1.

Please match the digestion term with its decription

digestive enzyme that cuts fatty acids off of triglycerides

substance that helps break fat globs into small droplets

hydrophobic molecules surrounded by bile

molecule that binds some lipids and carries them out with it in feces

molecule that carries absorbed fat in lymph system

chylomicron

bile

pancreatic lipase

fiber

micelle

Statement

Response

Value

digestive enzyme that cuts fatty acids off of triglycerides

pancreatic lipase

20.0%

substance that helps break fat globs into small droplets

bile

20.0%

hydrophobic molecules surrounded by bile

micelle

20.0%

molecule that binds some lipids and carries them out with it in feces

fiber

20.0%

molecule that carries absorbed fat in lymph system

chylomicron

20.0%

Score:

5/5

2.

Please match the lipid term with its descriptor

Fatty acids that have no double bonds

Fatty acids that must be consumed in the diet

Fatty acids with more than one double bond

A hormone-like molecule made from omega 3 and 6 fatty acids

Fatty acids that have only one double bond

eicosanoid

saturated

polyunsaturated

essential

monounsaturated

Statement

Response

Value

Fatty acids that have no double bonds

saturated

20.0%

Fatty acids that must be consumed in the diet

essential

20.0%

Fatty acids with more than one double bond

polyunsaturated

20.0%

A hormone-like molecule made from omega 3 and 6 fatty acids

eicosanoid

20.0%

Fatty acids that have only one double bond

monounsaturated

20.0%

Score:

5/5

3.

Please match the type of lipid with its description.

3 fatty acids hooked to a glycerol

2 fatty acids and a phosphate on glycerol

a fat with a multiple ring structure

small essential molecules that travel in body associated with larger lipids

a type of fatty acid produced during hydrogenation

trans fat

cholesterol

phospholipid

triglyceride

fat soluble vitamins

Statement

Response

Value

3 fatty acids hooked to a glycerol

triglyceride

20.0%

2 fatty acids and a phosphate on glycerol

phospholipid

20.0%

a fat with a multiple ring structure

cholesterol

20.0%

small essential molecules that travel in body associated with larger lipids

fat soluble vitamins

20.0%

a type of fatty acid produced during hydrogenation

trans fat

20.0%

Score:

5/5

Title:Homework #11



Time spent:00:01:13


1.

Select the best word to fill in the blank

Not all fats are _________.

It is called ______ when lipids are deposited on artery walls.

Lipids travel in blood by being incorporated into a ____.

___ are also known as fats or oils.

___are produced as a normal product of fat metabolism, but get high in blood with a carbohydrate-free diet.

lipids

unhealthy

ketones

artherosclerosis

lipoprotein

Statement

Response

Value

Not all fats are _________.

unhealthy

20.0%

It is called ______ when lipids are deposited on artery walls.

artherosclerosis

20.0%

Lipids travel in blood by being incorporated into a ____.

lipoprotein

20.0%

___ are also known as fats or oils.

lipids

20.0%

___are produced as a normal product of fat metabolism, but get high in blood with a carbohydrate-free diet.

ketones

20.0%

Score:

5/5

2.

Please match the lipoprotein-related term to its descriptor

transports excess cholesterol back to liver

transports fat from liver to adipose

transports cholesterol to all tissues that need it

unloads triglyceride from Chylomicrons

substance in fruit and veggies that protects LDL from oxidation

lipoprotein lipase

HDL

antioxidants

VLDL

LDL

Statement

Response

Value

transports excess cholesterol back to liver

HDL

20.0%

transports fat from liver to adipose

VLDL

20.0%

transports cholesterol to all tissues that need it

LDL

20.0%

unloads triglyceride from Chylomicrons

lipoprotein lipase

20.0%

substance in fruit and veggies that protects LDL from oxidation

antioxidants

20.0%

Score:

5/5

3.

Please match the term with its descriptor

where fat is stored

part of the intestine where fat digestion takes place

process of breaking double bonds in a fatty acid by adding H

molecule used to store extra calories

where cholesterol is made

triglyceride

duodenum

hydrogenation

adipose

liver

Statement

Response

Value

where fat is stored

adipose

20.0%

part of the intestine where fat digestion takes place

duodenum

20.0%

process of breaking double bonds in a fatty acid by adding H

hydrogenation

20.0%

molecule used to store extra calories

triglyceride

20.0%

where cholesterol is made

liver

20.0%

Score:

5/5

Title:Homework #12



Time spent:00:03:57


1.

Please match the following to its descriptor

an amino acid that cannot be synthesized by the body

an amino acid that can be synthesized by the body in sufficient amounts to meet needs

an amino acid that can normally be made by the body but is not being made due to special circumstances

essential amino acid available in the lowest amount relative to the body's needs

essential amino acid

limiting amino acid

conditionally essential amino acid

non essential amino acid

Statement

Response

Value

an amino acid that cannot be synthesized by the body

essential amino acid

25.0%

an amino acid that can be synthesized by the body in sufficient amounts to meet needs

non essential amino acid

25.0%

an amino acid that can normally be made by the body but is not being made due to special circumstances

conditionally essential amino acid

25.0%

essential amino acid available in the lowest amount relative to the body's needs

limiting amino acid

25.0%

Score:

4/4

2.

Please match the following term with the descriptor

proteins are unique because they contain this element

these are the building blocks of protein

each amino acid had a different one of these and it determines that amino acid's chemical properties

the kind of bond that holds amino acids together to make a protein

occurs when proteins come in contact with heat, acid, a strong base or physical agitation

nitrogen

peptide

amino acids

side chain

denaturation

Statement

Response

Value

proteins are unique because they contain this element

nitrogen

20.0%

these are the building blocks of protein

amino acids

20.0%

each amino acid had a different one of these and it determines that amino acid's chemical properties

side chain

20.0%

the kind of bond that holds amino acids together to make a protein

peptide

20.0%

occurs when proteins come in contact with heat, acid, a strong base or physical agitation

denaturation

20.0%

Score:

5/5

3.


where protein digestion begins

process of synthesizing glucose from amino acids

end product of protein catabolism (a waste product)

organ that filters urea from the blood

where extra energy consumed in the form of protein is stored

the removal of an amino group from an amino acid

urea

adipose

kidney

gluconeogenesis

deamination

stomach

Statement

Response

Value

where protein digestion begins

stomach

16.66%

process of synthesizing glucose from amino acids

gluconeogenesis

16.66%

end product of protein catabolism (a waste product)

urea

16.66%

organ that filters urea from the blood

kidney

16.66%

where extra energy consumed in the form of protein is stored

adipose

16.66%

the removal of an amino group from an amino acid

deamination

16.7%

Score:

6/6

Title:Homework #13



Time spent:00:19:34


1.

Please match term with the appropriate descriptor.

the vitamin niacin and the neurotransmitter serotonin are made from this

a type of regulatory protein

these are hormones made of protein

dopamine and norepinephrine are made from this

this is made from the amino acid tyrosine

enzymes

amino acid tryptophan

amino acid tryosine

insulin and glucagon

skin pigment melanin

Statement

Response

Value

the vitamin niacin and the neurotransmitter serotonin are made from this

amino acid tryptophan

20.0%

a type of regulatory protein

enzymes

20.0%

these are hormones made of protein

insulin and glucagon

20.0%

dopamine and norepinephrine are made from this

amino acid tryosine

20.0%

this is made from the amino acid tyrosine

skin pigment melanin

20.0%

Score:

5/5

2.


section of DNA that codes for a protein chain

making DNA from DNA

making mRNA from DNA

making protein from mRNA

a 3 base code that determines the order amino acids will occur in a protein

transcription

codon

gene

translation

replication

Statement

Response

Value

section of DNA that codes for a protein chain

gene

20.0%

making DNA from DNA

replication

20.0%

making mRNA from DNA

transcription

20.0%

making protein from mRNA

translation

20.0%

a 3 base code that determines the order amino acids will occur in a protein

codon

20.0%

Score:

5/5

3.


the process of manipulating genes to change an organism

publication of the sequence of human genome

a common variation of the human gene sequence (>1% of population)

when inherited genes determine liklihood of getting a disease

basis of genetic code for the synthesis of proteins

human genome project

genetic engineering

deoxyribonucleic acid

genetic predisposition

polymorphism

Statement

Response

Value

the process of manipulating genes to change an organism

genetic engineering

20.0%

publication of the sequence of human genome

human genome project

20.0%

a common variation of the human gene sequence (>1% of population)

polymorphism

20.0%

when inherited genes determine liklihood of getting a disease

genetic predisposition

20.0%

basis of genetic code for the synthesis of proteins

deoxyribonucleic acid

20.0%

Score:

5/5

4.


protein making machinery of the cell

many amino acids bonded together

a high quality protein

when proteins are constantly broken down and resynthesized

when DNA is actively being used to make a protein

protein turnover

complete protein

gene expression

polypeptide

ribosome

Statement

Response

Value

protein making machinery of the cell

ribosome

20.0%

many amino acids bonded together

polypeptide

20.0%

a high quality protein

complete protein

20.0%

when proteins are constantly broken down and resynthesized

protein turnover

20.0%

when DNA is actively being used to make a protein

gene expression

20.0%

Score:

5/5

Title:Homework 14



Time spent:00:02:48


1.

Pleae match the nutrient with the appropriate descriptor

Cofactor for enzyme glutathione peroxidase

Cofactor for enzyme Superoxide Dismutase in cytosol

Cofactor for Enzyme Catalase

Precursor for Vitamin A

Cofactor for enzyme Superoxide Dismutase in the mitochondria

Iron

Selenium

Beta-Carotene

Copper and Zinc

Manganese

Statement

Response

Value

Cofactor for enzyme glutathione peroxidase

Selenium

20.0%

Cofactor for enzyme Superoxide Dismutase in cytosol

Copper and Zinc

20.0%

Cofactor for Enzyme Catalase

Iron

20.0%

Precursor for Vitamin A

Beta-Carotene

20.0%

Cofactor for enzyme Superoxide Dismutase in the mitochondria

Manganese

20.0%

Score:

5/5

2.


another name for vitamin C

another name for vitamin E

this vitamin protects the lipid parts of the body from free radicals

this vitamin protects the water parts of the body from free radicals

these get rid of ROS and capture free radicals

Vitamin E

antioxidants

ascorbic acid

Vitamin C

tocopherol

Statement

Response

Value

another name for vitamin C

ascorbic acid

20.0%

another name for vitamin E

tocopherol

20.0%

this vitamin protects the lipid parts of the body from free radicals

Vitamin E

20.0%

this vitamin protects the water parts of the body from free radicals

Vitamin C

20.0%

these get rid of ROS and capture free radicals

antioxidants

20.0%

Score:

5/5

3.


a normal byproduct of aerobic metabolism

the first stage in the free radical chain reaction

when a lipid radical attacks a nearby lipid turning it into a free radical

a precursor molecule to a free radical

oxygen can sometime gain one of these and become a free radical

electron

propagation

free radical

initiation

reactive oxygen species (ROS)

Statement

Response

Value

a normal byproduct of aerobic metabolism

free radical

20.0%

the first stage in the free radical chain reaction

initiation

20.0%

when a lipid radical attacks a nearby lipid turning it into a free radical

propagation

20.0%

a precursor molecule to a free radical

reactive oxygen species (ROS)

20.0%

oxygen can sometime gain one of these and become a free radical

electron

20.0%

Score:

5/5

4.

Please match the phytochemical with its descriptor

a plant substance that may have health-promoting properties

a family of food pigments that act as antioxidants

a phytochemical in fruits and veggies believed to supress tumor growth, prevent blood clots and be anti-inflammatory

an estrogen-like molecule produced by plants

a carotenoid that gives red color to tomatoes

lycopene

phytochemical

flavonoids

phytoestrogen

carotenoids

Statement

Response

Value

a plant substance that may have health-promoting properties

phytoestrogen

0.0%

a family of food pigments that act as antioxidants

carotenoids

20.0%

a phytochemical in fruits and veggies believed to supress tumor growth, prevent blood clots and be anti-inflammatory

flavonoids

20.0%

an estrogen-like molecule produced by plants

phytochemical

0.0%

a carotenoid that gives red color to tomatoes

lycopene

20.0%

Score:

3/5

Title:Homework 15



Time spent:00:09:43


1.

Which of the following is correct?

Student Response

Value

A.

Both Vitamin E and Vitamin C work in the lipid membranes of the cell

B.

Both Vitamin E and Vitamin C work in the aqueous or water part of the cell

C.

Vitamin C works in the lipid membrane and Vitamin E works in the aqueous solution of the cell

D.

Vitamin E works in the lipid membrane and Vitamin C works in the aqueous solution of the cell

100%

Score:

1/1

2.

Which of the following is NOT a mineral that functions as a cofactor for an antioxidant enzyme?

Student Response

Value

A.

Iron (Fe)

B.

Iodine (I)

100%

C.

Copper (Cu)

D.

Manganese (Mn)

Score:

1/1

3.

Which of the following is NOT true about carotenoids.

Student Response

Value

A.

They are a family of pigments.

B.

They are more easily absorbed from cooked food than from raw food.

C.

The are found in orange and yellow fruits and vegetables.

D.

They stop free radical reactions in the aqueous part of the cell.

100%

Score:

1/1

4.

Which mineral can be a pro-oxidant as well as an anti-oxidant?

Student Response

Value

A.

Copper (Cu)

0%

B.

Zn

C.

Selenium (Se)

D.

Iron (Fe)

Score:

0/1

5.

Which of these steps is NOT part of the free radical chain reaction?

Student Response

Value

A.

Initiation

B.

Propagation

C.

Escalation

100%

D.

All of the above are steps in the free radical chain reaction.

Score:

1/1

6.

Which of the following does NOT significantly increase your need for antioxidant nutrients?

Student Response

Value

A.

High saturated fat consumption

100%

B.

High alcohol consumption

C.

High prescription drug usage

D.

High recreational drug usage

E.

Chronic infection

Score:

1/1

7.

Which of the following conditions is NOT associated with free radical damage?

Student Response

Value

A.

Aging

B.

Type I Diabetes

100%

C.

Cancer

D.

Atherosclerosis

Score:

1/1

8.

Which of the following is NOT true about phytochemicals?

Student Response

Value

A.

They are naturally occuring in plants.

B.

High concentrations can be toxic

C.

Because they are naturally occuring they are always safe to eat

100%

D.

They include both carotenoids and phytoestrogens.

Score:

1/1

9.

Which of the following statements is true?

Student Response

Value

A.

Free radicals are produced only by unnatural compounds in the environment but antioxidants are naturally found in many fruits and vegetables

B.

Free radicals are produced as part of natural cell processes but the antioxidants we need to combat them must be produced in a laboratory

C.

Free radicals are produced as part of natural cell processes and antioxidants are naturally found in many fruits and vegetables

100%

D.

Free radicals are produced only by unnatural compounds in the environment but the antioxidants we need to combat them must be produced in a laboratory

Score:

1/1

10.

What happens to food if it is subject to free radical damage?

Student Response

Value

A.

It becomes poisonous

B.

It becomes denatured

C.

It becomes solublized

D.

It becomes rancid

100%

Score:

1/1

11.

Which of the following is NOT a Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)?

Student Response

Value

A.

Superoxide

B.

Hydrogen peroxide

C.

Singlet oxygen

D.

Tocopherol radical

100%

Score:

1/1

12.

Which mineral is NOT a cofactor for Super Oxide Dismutase (SOD)?

Student Response

Value

A.

Se

100%

B.

Mn

C.

Zn

D.

Cu

Score:

1/1

13.

Which of the following molecules is not very suseptable to free radical damage?

Student Response

Value

A.

Lipid

B.

Proteins

C.

Carbohydrates

100%

D.

Nucleic Acids

Score:

1/1

14.

Waht does synergistic activity mean?

Student Response

Value

A.

Compounds working together so that the total effect is greater than the sum of the individual compounds

100%

B.

Compounds working against each other

C.

One compound working to destroy another compound

D.

The ability to do work

Score:

1/1

15.

Which of the following statements about the synergistic relationship between water soluble and fat soluble antioxidants is NOT true.

Student Response

Value

A.

Water soluble antioxidants take care reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the cytoplasm and watery interior of the organelles and the lipid soluble antioxidants take care of ROS in all the membranes.

B.

The water soluble antioxidant nutrients Vitamin C is involved in the regeneration of Vitamin E to its active form.

C.

If you eat plenty of vitamin C it will help you to also maintain adequate amounts of the active form of vitamin E in your tissues.

D.

All three of the above statements are true

100%

Score:

1/1

16.

Which antioxidant nutrient gets rid of both ROS and free radicals?

Student Response

Value

A.

Vitamin E

B.

Iron

C.

Zinc

D.

Vitamin C

100%

Score:

1/1

17.

Select the best answer. Which of the following occur(s) with Vitamin C deficiency?

Student Response

Value

A.

The protein collagen cannot be synthesized and maintained

B.

Increased tissue damage from free radicals

C.

Weakened blood vessels that lead to bleeding

D.

All of these occur with Vitamin C deficiency

100%

Score:

1/1

18.

Which of the following in NOT true about vitamin E.

Student Response

Value

A.

Vitamin E is found only in your liver.

100%

B.

Active Vitamin E is regenerated by Vitamin C

C.

Vitamin E protects the lipids in your cell membranes from oxidative damage.

D.

Vitamin E protects the lipids in LDL cholesterol from oxidative damage.

Score:

1/1

19.

What must happen to a vitamin E molecule after it neutralizes a free radical?

Student Response

Value

A.

It must keep on neutraliziang free radicals

B.

It must be regenerated by Vitamin C to continue working as an antioxidant

100%

C.

It must be regenerated by Iron to continue working as an antioxidant

D.

It must be regenerated by Beta-carotene to continue working as an antioxidant

Score:

1/1

20.

Which of the following antioxidant nutrients does NOT work in the aqueous (water) parts of the body?

Student Response

Value

A.

Vitamin C

B.

Vitamin E

100%

C.

Selenium

D.

Zinc

Score:

1/1

Title:Homework 16



Time spent:00:01:11


1.

Please match the correct description to the BMI that is provided

BMI of 17

BMI of 37

BMI of 28

BMI of 23

What is BMI

A measure of weight for height

Healthy Weight

Underweight

Obese

Overweight

Statement

Response

Value

BMI of 17

Underweight

20.0%

BMI of 37

Obese

20.0%

BMI of 28

Overweight

20.0%

BMI of 23

Healthy Weight

20.0%

What is BMI

A measure of weight for height

20.0%

Score:

5/5

2.


determining energy expediture by measuring heat production

determining energy expenditure by measuring CO2 expelled and O2 consumed

the heat released by burning a food is equivalent to this

this form of energy is captured in ATP

energy releasing reactions in which substances are broken down

direct calorimetry

indirect calorimetry

energy contained in chemical bonds

catabolic

chemical energy

Statement

Response

Value

determining energy expediture by measuring heat production

direct calorimetry

20.0%

determining energy expenditure by measuring CO2 expelled and O2 consumed

indirect calorimetry

20.0%

the heat released by burning a food is equivalent to this

energy contained in chemical bonds

20.0%

this form of energy is captured in ATP

chemical energy

20.0%

energy releasing reactions in which substances are broken down

catabolic

20.0%

Score:

5/5

3.

Please match the term with the appropriate descriptor.

value used to calculate energy content of carbs and proteins

value used to calculate energy content of fats

value used to calculate the energy content of alcohol

the unit of work

the unit of heat

kilojoule

9 kcal/g

kilocalorie

4 kcal/g

7 kcal/g

Statement

Response

Value

value used to calculate energy content of carbs and proteins

4 kcal/g

20.0%

value used to calculate energy content of fats

9 kcal/g

20.0%

value used to calculate the energy content of alcohol

7 kcal/g

20.0%

the unit of work

kilojoule

20.0%

the unit of heat

kilocalorie

20.0%

Score:

5/5

4.


the fat found around internal organs

the feeling of fullness

hormone produced by fat cells

when someone doesn't eat for a period of hours or days

when food intake is severely reduced over a long period of time

starvation

satiety

visceral fat

leptin

fasting

Statement

Response

Value

the fat found around internal organs

visceral fat

20.0%

the feeling of fullness

satiety

20.0%

hormone produced by fat cells

leptin

20.0%

when someone doesn't eat for a period of hours or days

fasting

20.0%

when food intake is severely reduced over a long period of time

starvation

20.0%

Score:

5/5

Title:Homework 17



Time spent:00:03:12


1.

Identify what will happen under the various situations related to the energy balance equation.

Energy In> BMR + TEF + PA

Energy In< BMR + TEF + PA

Energy In= BMR + TEF + PA

An increase in lean body mass

A single bout of exercise

will cause an on-going increase in BMR

will cause a one-time increase in PA

negative energy balance, energy is taken out of fat storage

Energy balance, since energy consumed equals energy expended fat stores stay the same

positive energy balance, the extra energy goes into fat storage

Statement

Response

Value

Energy In> BMR + TEF + PA

positive energy balance, the extra energy goes into fat storage

20.0%

Energy In< BMR + TEF + PA

negative energy balance, energy is taken out of fat storage

20.0%

Energy In= BMR + TEF + PA

Energy balance, since energy consumed equals energy expended fat stores stay the same

20.0%

An increase in lean body mass

will cause an on-going increase in BMR

20.0%

A single bout of exercise

will cause a one-time increase in PA

20.0%

Score:

5/5

2.


the minimum amount of energy that the body needs to maintain itself

the part of the body that is not made of fat or bone

the energy required for the digestion and processing of food

the metabolic cost of external work (exercise and functions of dailiy life)

what is usually measured instead of BMR due to the inconvenience of measuring BMR

Lean body mass (LBM)

Physical Activity (PA)

Thermic effect of food (TEF)

Resting metabolic rate (RMR)

Basal metabolic rate (BMR)

Statement

Response

Value

the minimum amount of energy that the body needs to maintain itself

Basal metabolic rate (BMR)

20.0%

the part of the body that is not made of fat or bone

Lean body mass (LBM)

20.0%

the energy required for the digestion and processing of food

Thermic effect of food (TEF)

20.0%

the metabolic cost of external work (exercise and functions of dailiy life)

Physical Activity (PA)

20.0%

what is usually measured instead of BMR due to the inconvenience of measuring BMR

Resting metabolic rate (RMR)

20.0%

Score:

5/5

3.

Match the term with the appropriate descriptor

the body cannot store this macronutrient in this form

the body stores glucose in this form so that it can regenerate it later

the body stores this in adipose tissue

an energy requiring reaction that combines simple molecules into more complex molecules

this compound is a normal part of the catabolism of fat

anabolic

glycogen

ketone

fat

protein

Statement

Response

Value

the body cannot store this macronutrient in this form

protein

20.0%

the body stores glucose in this form so that it can regenerate it later

glycogen

20.0%

the body stores this in adipose tissue

fat

20.0%

an energy requiring reaction that combines simple molecules into more complex molecules

anabolic

20.0%

this compound is a normal part of the catabolism of fat

ketone

20.0%

Score:

5/5

Title:Homework 18



Time spent:00:08:30


1.

Please match the appropriate term with its descriptor

Ability to perform routine exercise without fatigue

Cardiorespiratory endurance is increased by this

Endurance exercise increases these

The greater the VO2 max, the more intense an activity can be engaged in before lack of ______ affects performance

Muscle strenght is increased by repeatedly engaging in exercise moving against a______

This determines range of motion

Those who are physically fit have a greater proportion of this

Lean body mass can be assessed by measuring this

lean body mass

% body fat

fitness

flexibility

resisting force

volume and V02 max

oxygen

aerobic exercise

Statement

Response

Value

Ability to perform routine exercise without fatigue

fitness

12.5%

Cardiorespiratory endurance is increased by this

aerobic exercise

12.5%

Endurance exercise increases these

volume and V02 max

12.5%

The greater the VO2 max, the more intense an activity can be engaged in before lack of ______ affects performance

oxygen

12.5%

Muscle strenght is increased by repeatedly engaging in exercise moving against a______

resisting force

12.5%

This determines range of motion

flexibility

12.5%

Those who are physically fit have a greater proportion of this

lean body mass

12.5%

Lean body mass can be assessed by measuring this

% body fat

12.5%

Score:

8/8

2.

Please indicate the mechanism by which exercise has the following health benefits:

Maintenance of healthy body weight by

Reduce risk of cardiovascular disease by

Reduced risk of type II diabetes by

Reduce joint disorders by

Mood elevation by

Allow you to better burn fat for energy by

Reduce risk of osteoporosis by

reducing insulin resistance

increasing lean tissue

increasing strength and felxibility

releasing endorphins

increasing muscle cell mitochondria

increasing bone mass

lowering blood pressure

Statement

Response

Value

Maintenance of healthy body weight by

increasing lean tissue

14.28%

Reduce risk of cardiovascular disease by

lowering blood pressure

14.28%

Reduced risk of type II diabetes by

reducing insulin resistance

14.28%

Reduce joint disorders by

increasing strength and felxibility

14.28%

Mood elevation by

releasing endorphins

14.28%

Allow you to better burn fat for energy by

increasing muscle cell mitochondria

14.28%

Reduce risk of osteoporosis by

increasing bone mass

14.32%

Score:

7/7

Title:Homework 19



Time spent:00:02:20


1.

Please match the condition with the descriptor

Depleting glycogen stores and then replenishing a few days before a competition

Caused by low body estrogen combined with low calcium intake

Condition caused by unreplaced water losses

Interrelated disorders common in female athletes

Caused by too little blood to both cool the body and deliver oxygen

When the temperature regulatory center of the brain fails

osteoporosis

heat exhaustion

female athelete triad

dehydration

glycogen loading

heat stroke

Statement

Response

Value

Depleting glycogen stores and then replenishing a few days before a competition

glycogen loading

16.66%

Caused by low body estrogen combined with low calcium intake

osteoporosis

16.66%

Condition caused by unreplaced water losses

dehydration

16.66%

Interrelated disorders common in female athletes

female athelete triad

16.66%

Caused by too little blood to both cool the body and deliver oxygen

heat exhaustion

16.66%

When the temperature regulatory center of the brain fails

heat stroke

16.7%

Score:

6/6

2.


Source of energy for all body functions

Compound found in muscle that can regenerate ATP

What is needed to generate ATP beyond 15 seconds worth

Produces ATP via electron transport chain

Produces ATP via glycolysis only

By-product of anaerobic metabolism

Molecule required to transport fatty acids into mitochondria

Daily energy deficit that will allow for weight loss but preserve lean body mass

ATP

lactic acid

carnitine

aerobic metabolism

300-500 kcal

anaerobic metabolism

electron transport

creatine phosphate

Statement

Response

Value

Source of energy for all body functions

ATP

12.5%

Compound found in muscle that can regenerate ATP

creatine phosphate

12.5%

What is needed to generate ATP beyond 15 seconds worth

electron transport

12.5%

Produces ATP via electron transport chain

aerobic metabolism

12.5%

Produces ATP via glycolysis only

anaerobic metabolism

12.5%

By-product of anaerobic metabolism

lactic acid

12.5%

Molecule required to transport fatty acids into mitochondria

carnitine

12.5%

Daily energy deficit that will allow for weight loss but preserve lean body mass

300-500 kcal

12.5%

Score:

8/8

3.

Pleae match the ergogenic aid with its descriptor

supplement to improve insulin action

vitamin critical for protein metabolism

vitamin that is part of the energy carrier NADH

vitamin that is part of coenzyme A used to make acetyl CoA

vitamin that is promoted to combat free radicals produced by electron transport chain

vitamin that is part of the energy carrier FADH2

vitamin that is necessary to make DNA and a deficiency can result in anemia

supplement taken to increae energy stores in muscle

supplement taken to improve ability to burn fat for energy

dangerous supplement that mimics the affect of the hormone adrenaline

folate

niacin

vitamin C

creatine

ephedrine

B6

riboflavin

chromium picolinate

panothenic acid

carnitine

Statement

Response

Value

supplement to improve insulin action

chromium picolinate

10.0%

vitamin critical for protein metabolism

B6

10.0%

vitamin that is part of the energy carrier NADH

niacin

10.0%

vitamin that is part of coenzyme A used to make acetyl CoA

panothenic acid

10.0%

vitamin that is promoted to combat free radicals produced by electron transport chain

vitamin C

10.0%

vitamin that is part of the energy carrier FADH2

riboflavin

10.0%

vitamin that is necessary to make DNA and a deficiency can result in anemia

folate

10.0%

supplement taken to increae energy stores in muscle

creatine

10.0%

supplement taken to improve ability to burn fat for energy

carnitine

10.0%

dangerous supplement that mimics the affect of the hormone adrenaline

ephedrine

10.0%

Score:

10/10

Title:Homework 20



Time spent:00:10:34


1.

Please match the microorganism with its descriptor.

Found in raw meats, poultry, eggs, milk and dairy products

The leading cause of bactrial diarrhea in the US

Pregnant women should cook deli meats to avoid being sickened by this

Found in the throat of humans and transferred to food through sneezes and coughs

Found in improperly canned foods and honey

Found in the feces of animals and a common contaminant of ground beef

Found in oysters, clams and crabs

salmonella

vibro vulnificus

clostridium botulinum (botulism)

staphlyococcus aureus (staph)

listeria monocytogenes (listeria)

campylobacter jejuni

E. coli

Statement

Response

Value

Found in raw meats, poultry, eggs, milk and dairy products

salmonella

14.28%

The leading cause of bactrial diarrhea in the US

campylobacter jejuni

14.28%

Pregnant women should cook deli meats to avoid being sickened by this

listeria monocytogenes (listeria)

14.28%

Found in the throat of humans and transferred to food through sneezes and coughs

staphlyococcus aureus (staph)

14.28%

Found in improperly canned foods and honey

clostridium botulinum (botulism)

14.28%

Found in the feces of animals and a common contaminant of ground beef

E. coli

14.28%

Found in oysters, clams and crabs

vibro vulnificus

14.32%

Score:

7/7

2.


Type of illness from eating food contaminated with a toxin or microorganism

A substance that can cause harm at some level of exposure

An organism capable of causing disease

The transfer of a contaminant from one food to another

When the symptoms of illness are caused by the toxin, not the microorganism itself

A type of additive used to prevent oxidation or rancidity

A type of additive used to prevent micriobial growth by reducing water activity

A food preservation technique that works by reducing water activity

A food preservation techniques that works by making the food too acidic for bacterial growth

A food preservation technique historically used to preserve fruits

antioxidant nutrients

intoxication

drying

salt

toxin

foodborne

cross-contamination

heavily sugaring

pickling

pathogen

Statement

Response

Value

Type of illness from eating food contaminated with a toxin or microorganism

foodborne

10.0%

A substance that can cause harm at some level of exposure

toxin

10.0%

An organism capable of causing disease

pathogen

10.0%

The transfer of a contaminant from one food to another

cross-contamination

10.0%

When the symptoms of illness are caused by the toxin, not the microorganism itself

intoxication

10.0%

A type of additive used to prevent oxidation or rancidity

antioxidant nutrients

10.0%

A type of additive used to prevent micriobial growth by reducing water activity

salt

10.0%

A food preservation technique that works by reducing water activity

drying

10.0%

A food preservation techniques that works by making the food too acidic for bacterial growth

pickling

10.0%

A food preservation technique historically used to preserve fruits

heavily sugaring

10.0%

Score:

10/10

Title:Homework 21



Time spent:00:02:09


1.

Please match the term with its descriptor.

Biotechnology may harm the environment this way

When 2 related plants are cross-fertilized to yield offspring with characteristics of both

When closely related animals are bred to intensify desirable traits

When unrelated animals are bred to reduce undesirable traits

Results when DNA is inserted into the DNA of a plant or animal

Biotechnology may negatively affect food in this way

A potential benefit of biotechnology that will increase crop yield

The federal agencies that oversee genetically engineered products

A potential benefit of biotechnology that will improve food quality

Loop of bacterial DNA used to insert the gene of interest into a plant or animal

Scientific techniques that use genetic engineering to improve plants and animals

Benefit of biotechnology over traditional breeding

A potential benefit of biotechnology that will improve the nutritional quality of food

inbreeding

outbreeding

reduce biodiversity

biotechnology

plasmid

impart disease resistance

recombinant DNA

introduce genes to make fruits and vegetables tastier

faster and more powerful

hybridization

FDA, USDA and EPA

introduce genes for allergens into foods that don't normally contain them

introduce genes for nutrients that are commonly deficient in the diet

Statement

Response

Value

Biotechnology may harm the environment this way

reduce biodiversity

7.69%

When 2 related plants are cross-fertilized to yield offspring with characteristics of both

hybridization

7.69%

When closely related animals are bred to intensify desirable traits

inbreeding

7.69%

When unrelated animals are bred to reduce undesirable traits

outbreeding

7.69%

Results when DNA is inserted into the DNA of a plant or animal

recombinant DNA

7.69%

Biotechnology may negatively affect food in this way

introduce genes for allergens into foods that don't normally contain them

7.69%

A potential benefit of biotechnology that will increase crop yield

impart disease resistance

7.69%

The federal agencies that oversee genetically engineered products

FDA, USDA and EPA

7.69%

A potential benefit of biotechnology that will improve food quality

introduce genes to make fruits and vegetables tastier

7.69%

Loop of bacterial DNA used to insert the gene of interest into a plant or animal

plasmid

7.69%

Scientific techniques that use genetic engineering to improve plants and animals

biotechnology

7.69%

Benefit of biotechnology over traditional breeding

faster and more powerful

7.69%

A potential benefit of biotechnology that will improve the nutritional quality of food

introduce genes for nutrients that are commonly deficient in the diet

7.7200003%

Score:

13/13

2.


What turns fruits and vegetables brown

Bacteria grow most rapidly between these temperatures

Bacteria grow most rapidly at this pH

The amount of water available for chemical reactions

Most bacteria require oxygen for survival and growth and so are called this

Chemical substances added specifically to maintain freshness and inhibit the growth of microorganisms

A process in which foods are exposed to radiant energy to kill contaminating organisms and to retard ripening and spoilage

A substance intentionally added to food is called this

These act as antioxidants to prevent ranciditiy in foods

Most microbes need this nutrient for growth

6.0-7.5

additive

aerobic

preservatives

water activity

BHA and BHT

40-140

protein

irradiation

oxidation

Statement

Response

Value

What turns fruits and vegetables brown

oxidation

10.0%

Bacteria grow most rapidly between these temperatures

40-140

10.0%

Bacteria grow most rapidly at this pH

6.0-7.5

10.0%

The amount of water available for chemical reactions

water activity

10.0%

Most bacteria require oxygen for survival and growth and so are called this

aerobic

10.0%

Chemical substances added specifically to maintain freshness and inhibit the growth of microorganisms

preservatives

10.0%

A process in which foods are exposed to radiant energy to kill contaminating organisms and to retard ripening and spoilage

irradiation

10.0%

A substance intentionally added to food is called this

additive

10.0%

These act as antioxidants to prevent ranciditiy in foods

BHA and BHT

10.0%

Most microbes need this nutrient for growth

protein

10.0%

Score:

10/10

QUIZZES

Title:Quiz #1



Time spent:00:02:58


1.

Which of the following statements are false.

Student Response

Value

A.

Animals used in research are protected by the Institutional Review Board, which assures that they don't suffer unnecessarily and that they receive proper care.

100%

B.

Animals can be used as a substitute for humans when it is not practical to experiment on humans.

C.

There are scientists who perform nutrition studies on animals in order to learn more about the nutritional needs of that species.

D.

The rat is not always the best choice of animal to use to investigate a human nutrition problem.

Score:

1/1

2.

Which of the following is NOT a type of experimental control to reduce bias?

Student Response

Value

A.

Using a double-blind design.

B.

Randomly assigning subjects to groups.

C.

Using a placebo.

D.

Using independent variables.

100%

Score:

1/1

3.

The number of covalent bonds is dependant upon which of the following?

Student Response

Value

A.

An atom having a partial charge.

B.

An atom being hydrophobic.

C.

The number of electrons needed to fill the outer shell.

100%

D.

The molecular weight of the atoms involved.

Score:

1/1

4.

Which of the following would NOT lend credibility to a nutrition claim?

Student Response

Value

A.

It is consistent with your understanding of physiology.

B.

It is reported by an organization that does not appear to benefit financially.

C.

The information and its implications were explained by a scientist.

D.

There are many convincing testimonials to support the nutrition claim.

100%

E.

The results were reported in a peer-reviewed journal.

Score:

1/1

5.

Which of the following is NOT true about a hypothesis?

Student Response

Value

A.

It is often developed based on previous observation.

B.

It must be true.

100%

C.

May lead to the development of a theory if supported by experimental evidence.

D.

It must be testable.

Score:

1/1

6.

Which of the following is NOT true about Oxidation and Reduction reactions.

Student Response

Value

A.

Oxidation includes any chemical reaction in which oxygen accepts an electron.

100%

B.

The atom that transfers the electron is said to be "oxidized."

C.

The atom that accepts the electron is said to be "reduced."

D.

Oxidation and reduction reactions occur simultaneously.

Score:

1/1

7.

Which of the following is NOT true about pH.

Student Response

Value

A.

A solution with a higher pH has more H+ ions.

100%

B.

A lower pH is associated with greater acidity.

C.

A higher pH is associated with greater OH- ions.

D.

The job of a buffer is to control the amount of H+ ions so that the pH doesn't change.

Score:

1/1

8.

Which of the following statements about POLARITY is NOT true?

Student Response

Value

A.

It allows for some compounds to be solubilized in water.

B.

Non-polar compounds are attracted to each other, i.e. oil and water

100%

C.

Charged particles are attrached to polar particles.

D.

Polarity causes large molecules to allign in a certain way so that the negative charges are nestled next to positive charges.

Score:

1/1

9.

Which of the following is NOT true about precipitation-solution reactions.

Student Response

Value

A.

Some compounds will not go into solution because they are too unlike the solvent.

B.

Some compounds will not go into solution because there is too much of the compound and the solution is "saturated."

C.

Some compounds can fall out of solution or "precipitate" to the bottom of the solution.

D.

A "precipitate" is a compound that is dissolved in solution.

100%

Score:

1/1

10.

Which of the following statements is consistent with a test for reliability?

Student Response

Value

A.

Each measure of mass was taken 3 times to make sure that it yielded the same value.

100%

B.

Each measure of mass was determined to be accurate by comparing it to the mass as measured by an accepted method.

C.

Each measure of mass can be measured accurately to the nearests 0.001 g.

D.

Each measure of mass is correlated to the density of the object.

Score:

1/1

11.

Which of the following would NOT be an appropriate goal when conducting an experiment.

Student Response

Value

A.

Publish your results in a peer-reviewed journal.

B.

To reveal new results every time you conduct the experiment.

100%

C.

To test your hypothe

HOMEWORKQUIZZES-1

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