Holistic health care.pptx

7/28/2019 Holistic health care.pptx

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What is it Holism refers to an approach to health which

acknowledges that health depends uponmany inter-related components which interactin such a way that the overall effect

constitutes health (or illness). Holistic health care refers to an approach to

analysing illness and providing healthcarethat acknowledges and responds to all

factors relevant to the health (or illness) of aperson.

The word holistic is also used to suggest amorally better and often an alternative non-

allopathic treatment approach to illness.


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Holistic model of illness

A model:- Oxford English Dictionary (2006): Asimplified or idealzed description or conception of aparticular sys-tem, situation, or process that is put

forward as a basis for calculations, predictions, or further

investigation.

In other words it is an abstract method fordescribing and analysing the relationships

between different factors which contribute

to the outcome of interest.


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Current models of illness

assume that

1. All illness in an individual can be traced backto some specific, usually single disorder of apart of the body of the patient (disease orpathology). The disorder is assumed to bewithin the body

2. All symptoms are due to disease, to adisorder within the body.

3. All disease causes symptoms.4. people have two parts to their existence:-

the physical and the mental and that theseaspects of a person are separate and

unrelated


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This why our allopathic health services are

divided into mental and physical healthservices.

according to this assumption there exists

physical (organic) and mental(psychological) diseases only.


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The current understanding of illness is, in

contrast, linear and reductionist. It assumes that all illness starts with a

disorderwithin the body causing bodily

symptoms that lead on to disability andrestrictions on social life.

This is the biomedical model.

However this model is limited, it can notexplain the non-organic illness.

The other better model is the

biopsychosocial model of illness


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It acknowledges the importance of factorsother than disease.

Suggests a systems approach to illnessrather than a linear approach.

The best way to go is the holistic modelwhich is based on and derived from the

WHO ICF (international classification of functioning)classification of the consequences of disease.

This model: encompass all factors that relate to illness in some way

explains or predicts all illnesses, especially functional illness improves the organisation and commissioning of healthcare

improves clinical management of individual patients throughallowing a better analysis and understanding of the wholesituation


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The model recognises four systems

central to the person; organs, the wholeperson, behavior, and social role function

and four contextual factors that influence

these systems; personal factors, physicalenvironment, social environment, and

time.

It also draws attention to two important

components of any holistic model of

health; choice (free-will) and quality of life.


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Illness is then shown to be a socially

determined state whereby the patient may

initiate being ill but it requires others,

usually healthcare professionals to

validate illness before it is fully accepted.


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conclusion

health and illness should be seen as

socially construed states that involve a

whole person in their own context, and

that effective health care requires both a

full analysis of a persons illness to identifyall factors relevant to its genesis and a

wide range of interventions across several

domains.

Holistic health care.pptx

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