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New and Existing Homes (low/zero carbon), renewable/sustainable technologiesTraining of studentsInteraction with industry (over 120 companies)

House.wmv

While car technology has advanced considerably, millions of people still live inefficient homes

Passive Environmental Design

• Natural Ventilation- stack effect ventilation, wind catchers etc.

• Passive Solar Architecture

• Building orientation with regard to sun path, wind direction etc.

• Flood and Storm tolerant design

• Recycling and composting- minimal impact on Site andEnvironment

• Use of materials which use low energy to make them, locallysourced as far as possible

• Use of natural materials for effective insulation, mortar binding etc.

• Daylighting: reducing energy use by non dependence on artificiallight.

• Trombe Walls, thermal mass etc.

• Sun-spaces and Buffer spaces

• Green roofs and vertical gardens

• Evaporative Cooling, Ground Cooling, Cool Courtyards

• Natural/green humidity control

• Rainwater harvesting

Building Retrofit

Energy Generation and Storage

• Photovoltaics integrated into building envelope

• Wind Turbines

• Anaerobics

• Solar Hot Water Collectors

• Batteries and fuel cells

• Thermal mass heat store

• Energy Transfer- Heating and Cooling

• Energy Linkage to Cars

• Hydrogen generation

• Geothermal Energy

Building Retrofit

Sustainable Technologies

• High performing insulation

• Natural ventilation systems with heat recovery

• Light sensitive movable and automated shading devices

• Light pipes and light shelves- daylighting devices

• Low emissivity double/ triple glazing, electro-chromic glazing.

• Water saving devices: Low flush and composting toilets

• Radiant heating: Modular wall heating and Floor heating

• Energy efficient building automation- heat, light, air-quality andmovement sensors

• Black bodies/white bodies, Thermal curtains

• Micro CHP

• Wood pellet boilers

Building Retrofit

Low-e- materials

• Locally sourced reclaimed bricks, stone bonded with lime mortar

• Block construction- hollow clay, aerated concrete, aggregate block,interlocking wood blocks

• Insulation types: Insulation derived from organic sources, Insulationderived from naturally occurring materials, Insulation derived from fossilfuels, recycled insulation

• Roof covering/cladding: reclaimed slates, clay tiles, wood shingles;weathering metals like copper and zinc.

• Timber construction

• Finishes: Natural paints- solvent borne plant based, water borne plantbased.

• Constructive elements: wood fibre boards, clay boards etc

• Papercrete and other concrete alternativeslike recycled aggregate

• Natural flooring

Participant legal name Country Participantshort name

Organisationtype

University of Nottingham UK UNOTT HEGreen Evolution S.A. Greece GREEN SMELeicester Housing Association UK LHA Not-for-profitUniversity of Bologna Italy UNIBO HEMunicipality of Bologna Italy COBO Public bodyE.Value Portugal EVALUE SMEAlmada City Council Portugal ALMADA Public bodyStuttgart University of Applied Sciences Germany SUAS HE

University of Athens Greece UOA HEHaute Ecole d’Ingénierie et de Gestiondu Canton de Vaud

Switzerland HEIG HE

Onyx Solar Energy S.L. Spain ONYX SMEMark Group Ltd UK MARK Large enterpriseIzocam Ticaret ve Sanayi A.Ş. Turkey ITS Large enterprisePCM Products Ltd UK PPL SMEKingspan Insulation Ltd UK KIN Large enterpriseComplex Ltd Poland COMPX SMENetherlands Organisation for AppliedScientific Research

Netherlands TNO Not-for-profit

18

Table 2. Overview of thermal insulation materials sorted by their thermal conductivity range [14].

Insulation product Chemical composition λ (W/mK)

Mineral wool Inorganic oxides 0.034–0.045Glass wool Silicon dioxide 0.031–0.043Foam glass Silicon dioxide 0.038–0.050Expanded polystyrene (EPS) Polymer foam 0.029–0.055Extruded polystyrene (XPS) Polymer foam 0.029–0.048Phenolic resin foam Polymer foam 0.021–0.025Polyurethane foam Polymer foam 0.020–0.029Silica aerogels SiO2 based aerogel 0.012–0.020Organic aerogels Aerogels derived from organic compounds 0.012–0.020Vacuum insulation panels (VIP) Silica core sealed and evacuated in laminate foil 0.003–0.011Vacuum glazing (VG) DG unit with evacuated space and pillars 0.003–0.008

19Source: www.aerogel.com)

“frozen smoke”

Flexible aerogel blanketSuper-Insulating Property

Nanometer-scale pores which less than 1/3000th of a human hair.

Extremely lightweight as low as 3 kg/m3 due to the porosity in excess of 90%.

Super-insulating property with k value of 0.014 W/mK at room temperature.

Good transparency.

VIPs have much lower U-value than conventional insulation materials and therefore the wallconstruction can be made thinner.

One analysis indicated that a traditional mineral wool or PU-foam insulation board withthickness of 185 or 120 mm is equivalent to VIP of only 20mm.

The vacuum inside the pore of the core material minimise the thermal conductivity.

A high barrier laminate covers the micro porous core of the VIP.

Reference nrc-cnrc

Too thick !

• calculation shows that VIPshave the lowest thickness

• Figure 4 illustrates thedifferent thickness betweenExpanded, Polyurethane (PIR)and VIP with outer brick andplaster to meet the CSH targetin 2016 for wall U-value (0.11W/(m2K)).

• With VIPs the wall thicknesscan be reduced by about

• 50% compared to EPS• 60% compared to PIR.

• Use of VIPs can make iteasier to improve the thermalinsulation in walls with minimaladditional thickness.

Figure 4: Required thickness to meet CSH level 6 (0.11 W/(m2K)) withdifferent types of insulation

combined with air/solar panelRetrofit with existing hot watercylinder/gas heating systemCOP is about 4