HMC/QA/GDE/001 Effective date: Review date: 01/02/2019 ... · Anti GAD antibodies Clotted blood 5ml...

20
HMC/QA/GDE/001 Appendix F Ver. 9 Effective date: 01/02/2017 Review date: 01/02/2019 Page 37 of 57 Written by: N Fynes Reviewed by: N Fynes Authorised by : P Thornton HERMITAGE MEDICAL CLINIC PRODUCTION OF UNAUTHORIZED COPIES OF THIS SOP IS FORBIDDEN AUTHORIZED COPY IF STAMPED IN RED OFFICIAL COPY 37 Appendix F- Immunology Testing Frequency All Immunology tests are processed externally in St James Hospital or the Blackrock Clinic. Table 1.Tests Available, Specimen Type and Turnaround Times Name Specimen Type Sample Container & Volume Turnaround Time Acetyl Choline Receptor abs. Clotted blood 5ml Serum Up to eight weeks Adrenal Antibodies Clotted blood 5ml Serum Up to eight weeks Alpha-1-Antitrypsin Clotted blood 5ml Serum 4 days Anti GAD antibodies Clotted blood 5ml Serum Up to six weeks. Anti HU abs. Clotted blood 5ml Serum Up to eight weeks Anti RI antibodies Clotted blood 5ml Serum Up to eight weeks Anti-Amphiphysin Ab. Clotted blood 5ml Serum Up to eight weeks Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibodies (ANCA) Clotted blood 5ml Serum 4 days. Anti-Voltage Gated Calcium Channel Clotted blood 5ml Serum Up to eight weeks Anti-Yo abs. Clotted blood 5ml Serum Up to eight weeks Antinuclear Antibodies (ANA) Clotted blood 5ml Serum 6 days. Aquaporin 4 antibodies blood 5ml Red Up to eight weeks B-Cell and Natural Killer (NK) Cell Quantitiation by Flow Cytometry Blood 4ml Purple EDTA 2 days Basophil Histamine Release Test Serum 5ml Serum Up to eight weeks Beta-2 Glycoprotein 1 Antibodies (IgG) Clotted blood 5ml Red 7 days

Transcript of HMC/QA/GDE/001 Effective date: Review date: 01/02/2019 ... · Anti GAD antibodies Clotted blood 5ml...

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Appendix F Ver. 9 Effective date:

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Review date: 01/02/2019 Page 37 of 57

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37

Appendix F- Immunology Testing

Frequency

All Immunology tests are processed externally in St James Hospital or the Blackrock Clinic.

Table 1.Tests Available, Specimen Type and Turnaround Times

Name

Specimen

Type

Sample

Container &

Volume Turnaround Time

Acetyl Choline Receptor abs. Clotted blood 5ml Serum Up to eight weeks

Adrenal Antibodies Clotted blood 5ml Serum Up to eight weeks

Alpha-1-Antitrypsin Clotted blood 5ml Serum 4 days

Anti GAD antibodies Clotted blood 5ml Serum Up to six weeks.

Anti HU abs. Clotted blood 5ml Serum Up to eight weeks

Anti RI antibodies Clotted blood 5ml Serum Up to eight weeks

Anti-Amphiphysin Ab. Clotted blood 5ml Serum Up to eight weeks

Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibodies

(ANCA)

Clotted blood 5ml Serum 4 days.

Anti-Voltage Gated Calcium Channel Clotted blood 5ml Serum Up to eight weeks

Anti-Yo abs. Clotted blood 5ml Serum Up to eight weeks

Antinuclear Antibodies (ANA) Clotted blood 5ml Serum 6 days.

Aquaporin 4 antibodies blood 5ml Red Up to eight weeks

B-Cell and Natural Killer (NK) Cell

Quantitiation by Flow Cytometry

Blood 4ml Purple

EDTA

2 days

Basophil Histamine Release Test Serum 5ml Serum Up to eight weeks

Beta-2 Glycoprotein 1 Antibodies (IgG) Clotted blood 5ml Red 7 days

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Beta-2-Microglobulin Clotted blood 5ml Serum 4 days

C1 Esterase Inhibitor (Function) Clotted blood 5ml Serum 21 days

C1-Inhibitor function

by

arrangement

contact

laboratory.

21 days

C3 Nephritic Factor Blood 5ml Serum 21 days

Caeruloplasmin Clotted blood 5ml Serum 4 days

Cardiac Antibodies Clotted blood 5ml Serum Up to eight weeks

Cardiolipin Antibodies (IgG) Clotted blood 5ml Serum 7 days

Complement C1-Inhibitor clotted blood 5ml Serum 10 days

Complement C1q

by

arrangement

contact

laboratory.

Up to 8 weeks

Complement C1r by

arrangement

contact

laboratory.

Up to 8 weeks

Complement C1s

by

arrangement

Up to 8 weeks

Complement C2

By

arrangement

contact

laboratory.

21 days

Complement C3 Clotted blood 5ml Serum 4 days

Complement C4 Clotted blood 5ml Serum 4 days

Complement C5

by

arrangement

contact

laboratory.

Up to 8 weeks

Complement C6

by

arrangement

contact

laboratory.

Up to 8 weeks

Complement C7

by

arrangement

contact

laboratory.

Up to 8 weeks

Complement C8

by

arrangement

contact

laboratory.

Up to 8 weeks

Complement C9

By

arrangement

contact

laboratory.

Up to 8 weeks

Complement CH100 Clotted blood 5ml Serum 21 days

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Complement Factor B

clotted blood contact

laboratory.

Up to 8 weeks

Complement Lectin (mannose binding

lectin)

clotted blood 5ml Serum Up to eight weeks

Cryoglobulin

Clotted blood

(maintained at

37 degrees

Celcius)

5ml Serum 21 days

CSF Neurodegeneration Biomarker

Assay

CSF 10 ml Sterile

Polypropylene

Tube

31 days

Cyclic Citrullinated Peptide (CCP)

Antibodies

Clotted blood 5ml Serum 7 days

DNA Screen Clotted blood 5ml Serum 7 days

Double Negative T-Cells

Blood 4ml Purple

EDTA

4 days

Electrophoresis (Urine)

Urine (early

morning

sample)

25 ml 9 days

Electrophoresis Clotted blood 5ml Serum 4 days.

Endomysial Antibodies (IgA), EMA Clotted blood 5ml Serum 10 working days

Extractable Nuclear Antigens, ENA Clotted blood 5ml Serum 9 days

Factor B

by

arrangement

contact

laboratory.

Up to 8 weeks

Factor D

by

arrangement

contact

laboratory.

Up to 8 weeks

Factor H

By

arrangement

contact

laboratory.

Up to 8 weeks

Factor I

by

arrangement

contact

laboratory.

Up to 8 weeks

Ganglioside Abs. Clotted blood 5ml Serum Up to 8 weeks

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Glomerular Basement Membrane

Antibodies (IgG)

Clotted blood 5ml Serum 3 days

IgG EMA clotted blood 5ml Serum 9 days

Immunofixation (Urine)

Urine (early

morning

sample)

25 ml 10 days

Immunofixation clotted blood 5ml Serum 7 days

Immunoglobulin A (IgA) Clotted blood 5ml Serum 7 days

Immunoglobulin E (IgE) Clotted blood 5ml Serum 7 days

Immunoglobulin G (IgG) Subclasses Clotted blood 5ml Serum 10 days

Immunoglobulin G (IgG) Clotted blood 5ml Serum 6 days

Immunoglobulin M (IgM) Clotted blood 5ml Serum 6 days

Immunoglobulin Subclass 4 (IgG4) Clotted blood 5ml Serum 7 days

Insulin antibodies clotted blood 5ml Serum Up to 8 weeks

Interferon-Gamma Release Assay

(IGRA)

Blood Contact

Laboratory

21 days

Islet Cell antibodies clotted blood 5ml Serum Up to 8 weeks

k/l ratio clotted blood 5ml Serum 7 days

Liver/Kidney Microsome Antibodies

(LKM)

Clotted blood 5ml Serum 6 days

Mast cell tryptase clotted blood 5ml Serum 9 days

Mitochondrial Antibodies (MITA) Clotted blood 5ml Serum 6 days.

Muscle tyrosine kinase Abs. Clotted blood 5ml Serum Up to 8 weeks

Myelin associated Glycoprotein

Antibody

Clotted blood 5ml Serum Up to 8 weeks

Myeloperoxidase Antibodies (IgG) Clotted blood 5ml Serum 3 days

Naive and Effector T-Cells

Blood 4ml Purple

EDTA

4 days

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Naive and Memory B-Cells

Blood 4ml Purple

EDTA

4 days

Neutrophil adhesion CD11a,b,c, CD18

Blood 4ml Purple

EDTA

4 days

NMDA Receptor Antibodies Clotted Blood 5ml Serum Up to 8 weeks

Oligoclonal banding

CSF and

Blood

Universal

containing a

minimum of

300ul of CSF

and one 5ml

Red

14 days

Ovarian Antibodies clotted blood 5ml Serum Up to 8 weeks

Oxidative burst

Blood 4ml Purple

EDTA

2 days

P.D.H. Antibodies clotted blood 5ml Serum 9 days

Paraprotein clotted blood 5ml Serum 7 days

Parietal Cell Antibodies (PCA) Clotted blood 5ml Serum 6 days

Properidin

By

arrangement

contact

laboratory.

Up to 8 weeks

Proteinase 3 Antibodies (IgG) Clotted blood 5ml Serum 3 days

Rheumatoid Factor Clotted blood 5ml Serum 4 days

Skin Biopsy

Fresh punch

biopsy, sent

on saline

moistened

gauze

3 mm 15 days

Skin Bullous Pemph. abs. clotted blood 5ml Serum 9 days

Skin Pemph. Vulgaris abs. clotted blood 5ml Serum 9 days

Smooth Muscle Antibodies (SMA) Clotted blood 5ml Serum 6 days

Specific IgE Clotted blood 5ml Serum 9 days

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Specific IgG to Budgie clotted blood 5ml Serum 16 days

specific IgG to Micropolysporum Faeni clotted blood 5ml Serum 16 days

Specific IgG to Pidgeon clotted blood 5ml Serum 16 days

Specific Response to Haemophilus

Influenza Type b capsular polysaccharide

(IgG)

Clotted blood 5ml Serum 21 days

Specific Response to Pneumococcal

Capsular Polysaccharide (Total IgG and

IgG2)

Clotted blood 5ml Serum 21 days

Specific Response to Tetanus Toxoid

(IgG)

Clotted blood 5ml Serum 21 days

T-Cell Activation Markers

Blood 4ml Purple

EDTA

4 days

T-Cell Quantitiation by Flow Cytometry

Blood 4ml Purple

EDTA

4 days

Thyroid Peroxidase (TPO) Antibodies Clotted blood 5ml Serum 7 days

Tissue Transglutaminase (tTG) IgA Clotted blood 5ml Serum 7 days

TPMT functional activity

EDTA 2.5ml Purple

EDTA

Up to 8 weeks

Transferrin clotted blood 5ml Serum 4 days

Urinary Casts

Random Urine

(<24 hours

old)

25mls of urine

in a Universal

Container

2 days

Urinary paraprotein

Urine (early

morning

sample)

25 ml 10 days

Voltage Gated Potassium Channnel Abs. serum Serum Up to 8 weeks

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43

Table 2 .Tests Available & Reference Ranges

Test Reference Range

Acetyl Choline

Receptor abs. Negative =0-5 x10/-10M

Adrenal Antibodies Negative

Alpha-1-Antitrypsin Adults: 1.1g/L - 2.2g/L

Anti GAD antibodies Negative: 0 - 10U/ml

Anti HU abs. Negative, Not Tested, Positive

Anti RI antibodies Negative, Not Tested, Positive

Anti-Amphiphysin

Ab. Negative

Anti-Neutrophil

Cytoplasmic

Antibodies (ANCA) Negative, 1:20= Positive at 1:20, 1:80= Positive at 1:80

Anti-Voltage Gated

Calcium Channel Negative:<45pM, Equivocal: 45-100pM, Positive: >100pM

Anti-Yo abs. Negative, Not Tested, Positive

Antinuclear

Antibodies (ANA) Negative, 1:80 Positive at 1:80, 1:160 Positive at 1:160, >1:160: Positive at >1 in 160

Aquaporin 4

antibodies Negative

Basophil Histamine

Release Test a histamine release > 16.5% is a positive result.

Beta-2 Glycoprotein 1

Antibodies (IgG) <7.0 IU/ml = Negative, 7.0 - 10 IU/ml = Equivocal, >10 IU/ml = Positive

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Beta-2-Microglobulin 1.2-2.5 mg/L

Test Reference Range

C1 Esterase Inhibitor

(Function) 0-39% - Reduced, 40-70% - Equivocal, 71-150% - Normal

C1-Inhibitor function None available

C3 Nephritic Factor

Normal: Uncleaved C3 pattern detected on immunofixation indicating the absence of C3 Nephritic Factor

Positive: Cleaved C3 pattern detected on immunofixation indicating the presence of C3 Nephritic Factor

Caeruloplasmin Adults : 0.22-0.66g/L

Cardiac Antibodies Negative

Cardiolipin

Antibodies (IgG) Negative, Low positive, Positive

Complement C1-

Inhibitor 0.15-0.35g/L

Complement C1q 0.05 - 0.25g/L

Complement C1r None available

Complement C1s None available

Complement C2 0.014 - 0.025g/L

Complement C3 0.83g/L - 1.8g/L

Complement C4 0.14g/L - 0.54 g/L

Complement C5 None available

Complement C6 0.04 - 0.08g/L

Complement C7 None available

Complement C8 None available

Complement C9 None available

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Test Reference Range

Complement CH100

Normal:Normal complement cascade activation

Reduced:Reduced complement cascade activation. Repeat sample advised for verification, Absent:

Alternative-Absent, Total-Normal: Indicates a deficiency in the Alternative Pathway. Repeat sample advised for verification.

Alternative-Absent, Total-Absent: Indicates a deficiency in the Terminal Pathway. Repeat sample advised for verification.

Alternative-Normal, Total-Absent: Indicaties a deficiency in the Classical Pathway. Repeat sample advised for verification.

Complement Factor B 0.1-0.43g/L

Complement Lectin

(mannose binding

lectin) 1.0-4.0 mg/L, Values less than 1mg/L may indicate a diminished Lectin pathway function.>1.0 mg/L = Negative

Cryoglobulin

0% - No cryoglobulin present. <1% - <1% cryoglobulin present (Insufficent cryoglobulin present for typing).2 - 100% - Percentage of

cryoglobulin present (Sufficient cryoglobulin present for typing).Type I - Monoclonal Cryoglobulin. Type II - Mixed Cryoglobulin (Two or

more immunoglobulins present, one of which is monoclonal).Type III - Polyclonal Immunoglobulin.

CSF

Neurodegeneration

Biomarker Assay CSF Phospho-Tau: 35-64pg/ml, CSF Total Tau: 135-345pg/ml, CSF ß-Amyloid: 591-997pg/ml

Cyclic Citrullinated

Peptide (CCP)

Antibodies <7.0 IU/ml = Negative, 7.0 - 10 IU/ml = Equivocal, >10 IU/ml = Positive

DNA Screen Negative <10 IU/ML Equivocal 10-15 IU/ML Positive >15.0 IU/ ML

Electrophoresis

(Urine) Electrophoresis: NPD - No Protein Detected, PD - Protein Detected, BD - Band Detected

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Test Reference Range

Electrophoresis

No Abnormal Bands - Normal pattern, Monoclonal Band - Monoclonal band detected, Minor Abnormality - Repeat after 1 year, For

Immunofixation - Performed on patients with IgG<5g/L

Endomysial

Antibodies (IgA),

EMA Negative, Weak Positive, Positive

Extractable Nuclear

Antigens, ENA

The ENA Screen is Reported as a Ratio

<0.7 = Negative, 0.7-1.0 = Equivocal, >1.0 = Positive

.

Individual Antigens

SSA/Ro, SSB/La, Sm, Jo-1 and Scl70:

<7.0 U/ml = Negative

7.0-10 U/ml = Equivocal

>10 U/ml = Positive

.

RNP:

<5.0 U/ml = Negative

5.0-10 U/ml = Equivocal

>10 U/ml = Positive

Factor B 0.1-0.45g/L

Factor D Not Available

Factor H Not Available

Factor I Not Available

Ganglioside Abs. GM1 ab, GQ1B ab Negative, Weak Positive, Positive

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47

Test Reference Range

Glomerular Basement

Membrane Antibodies

(IgG) <7.0 U/ml = Negative, 7.0-10 U/ml = Equivocal, >10.0 U/ml = Positive

IgG EMA negative

Immunofixation

(Urine) Free light chains detected - Bence Jones Protein positive, Monoclonal immunoglobulin detected - Bence Jones Protein negative

Immunofixation No abnormal bands

Immunoglobulin A

(IgA) Adults : 0.62 - 2.9g/L

Immunoglobulin E

(IgE) Neonates: <1.5 IU/mL, 1-5yr: <15IU/mL, 6-9yr:<90IU/mL, 10-15yr:<200IU/mL, Adults <100IU/mL

Immunoglobulin G

(IgG) Subclasses Available at (http://www.immqas.org.uk/pru.asp?ID=316)

Immunoglobulin G

(IgG) Adults : 6.26 - 14.96g/L

Immunoglobulin M

(IgM) Adults : 0.47 - 1.82g/L

Immunoglobulin

Subclass 4 (IgG4) Reference Ranges are sourced from the kit Manufacturer - Binding Site, Bermingham and were last updated 30th April 2013.

Insulin antibodies Negative

Islet Cell antibodies Negative

k/l ratio Ratio reference range = 0.4-1.7, Free Kappa chains = 3.3-19.4 g/L, Free Lambda chains = 5.7- 26.3 g/L

Liver/Kidney

Microsome

Antibodies (LKM) NEG: Negative, 1:40: Positive at 1:40, 1:80: Positive at 1:80, 1:160: Positive at 1:160

Mast cell tryptase 2-14 ug/L

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Test Reference Range

Mitochondrial

Antibodies (MITA) Negative/ Positive

Muscle tyrosine

kinase Abs. Negative

Myelin associated

Glycoprotein

Antibody (0-1000) BTU = Negative

Myeloperoxidase

Antibodies (IgG) <3.5 IU/ml = Negative, 3.5-5.0 IU/ml = Equivocal, >5.0 IU/ml = Positive

Neutrophil adhesion

CD11a,b,c, CD18 Not Available

NMDA Receptor

Antibodies Negative

Oligoclonal banding IgG Index: 0 - 0.7, CSF Pattern: NOR - Normal, MB - Monoclonal Band, MA - Minor Abnormality, OB - Oligoclonal Bands

Ovarian Antibodies Negative

Oxidative burst Not Available

P.D.H. Antibodies Negative

Paraprotein Negative

Parietal Cell

Antibodies (PCA) NEG: Negative, POS: Positive

Properidin Not Available

Proteinase 3

Antibodies (IgG) <2.0 IU/ml = Negative, 2.0-3.0 IU/ml = Equivocal, >3.0 IU/ml = Positive

Rheumatoid Factor 0-20 IU/ml

Skin Biopsy Negative

Skin Bullous Pemph.

abs. Negative

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49

Test Reference Range

Skin Pemph. Vulgaris

abs. Negative

Smooth Muscle

Antibodies (SMA) NEG: Negative, 1:40: Positive at 1:40, 1:80: Positive at 1:80

Specific IgE Negative = 0 - 0.35 kU/L

Specific IgG to

Budgie Reference range = (0-89)mgA/l

specific IgG to

Micropolysporum

Faeni Reference Range =(0-9)mgA/L

Specific IgG to

Pidgeon Reference Range = (0-29)mgA/l

Specific Response to

Haemophilus

Influenza Type b

capsular

polysaccharide (IgG) Minimum protective level is 0.15 mg/L, Optimum protective level is >1.0 mg/L

Specific Response to

Tetanus Toxoid (IgG) minimum protective level - 0.01 IU/ml, optimum protective level - >0.1 IU/ml

Tissue

Transglutaminase

(tTG) IgA <7.0 IU/ml = Negative, 7.0 - 10 IU/ml = Equivocal, >10 IU/ml = Positive

TPMT functional

activity Normal : 26-50pmol/h/mgHb ; Carrier: 10-25pmol/h/mgHb; Deficiency: <10pmol/h/mgHb

Transferrin 2.0-3.2g/L

Urinary Casts The presence of red cells, white cells, red cell casts, white cell casts, granular casts and crystals is reported.

Urinary paraprotein Negative

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50

Test Reference Range

Voltage Gated

Potassium Channnel

Abs. Not Available

Table 3. B Cell and Natural Killer Cells Reference Ranges

B-Cell and Natural Killer (NK) Cell Quantitiation by Flow Cytometry

B-Cells

(CD19)

Natural Killer (NK) Cells

(CD16 and CD56)

Age Percentage

(%)

Absolute Count

(x10^6)

Percentage (%) Absolute Count

(x10^6)

0-3 Months 6-32 300-2000 4-18 170-1100

3-6 Months 11-41 430-3000 3-14 170-830

6-12 Months 14-37 610-2600 3-15 160-950

1-2 Years 16-35 720-2600 3-15 180-920

2-6 Years 14-33 370-1400 4-17 130-720

6-12 Years 13-27 270-860 4-17 100-480

12-18 Years 6-23 110-570 3-22 70-480

Adult 5-19 99-618 4-24 72-577

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51

Table 4. Double Negative T-Cells Reference Ranges

TCRαβ Double Negative T-

Cells

TCRαβ T-Cells TCRγδ T-Cells

Age % TCRαβCD4 Absolute

Count (x10^6)

% Lymphs Absolute Count

(x10^6)

% Lymphs Absolute Count

(x10^6)

1 Week - 2 Months 0.24-1 31533 48-91 1600-8600 0.27-15 13-1000

2-5 Months 0.18-3 8-140 43-93 2200-8300 1-7 56-510

5-9 Months 0.39-4 16-140 39-94 1200-12000 0.82-10 38-890

9-15 Months 0.42-2 12-140 46-88 2000-8000 1-10 70-630

15-24 Months 0.55-4 11-100 26-100 600-8500 1-13 41-640

2-5 Years 1-7 16-140 31-100 600-4300 0.92-38 27-960

5-10 Years 0.77-6 10-100 44-92 600-3700 2-24 27-960

10-16 Years 0.54-6 9-78 39-92 700-2800 2-17 39-540

>16 Years 0.57-5 7-74 36-98 600-3300 0.83-11 25-200

Adult 0.8-3.2 11-55 62-79 806-2234 0-12.1 0-230

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Table 5. Interferon Gamma Release Assay Reference Ranges

Nil (IU/ml) TB Antigen minus Nil (IU/ml) Mitogen minus Nil (IU/ml) QFT result Report/ Interpretation

<0.35 Negative M. Tuberculosis infection NOT likely

≤0.8 ≥0.5

≥0.35 and <25% of Nil value Negative M. Tuberculosis infection NOT likely

≥0.5

≥0.35 and ≥25% of Nil value Any Positive M. Tuberculosis infection likely

<0.35 <0.5 Intermediate Results are indeterminate for TB-Antigen Responsiveness

≥0.35 and <25% of Nil value <0.5 Intermediate Results are indeterminate for TB-Antigen Responsiveness

>8.0 Any Any Intermediate Results are indeterminate for TB-Antigen Responsiveness

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Table 6. Naive and Effector T-Cells Reference Ranges

Naïve CD4+ T-Cells Naïve CD4- T-Cells Effector CD4- T-Cells

Age Percentage

(%)

Absolute Count

(x10^6)

Percentage

(%)

Absolute Count

(x10^6)

Percentage

(%)

Absolute

Count (x10^6)

1 Week - 2 Months 66-100 1300-5700 44-100 140-2200 3-42 15-480

2-5 Months 73-100 1600-6000 47-100 290-1650 3-40 13-820

5-9 Months 77-97 800-7600 31-100 150-3200 5-78 17-2800

9-15 Months 77-96 1100-6400 16-100 140-2460 4-92 29-1700

15-24 Months 56-100 200-7500 10-100 30-3100 8-71 55-460

2-5 Years 52-92 300-2300 19-100 53-1100 6-83 25-530

5-10 Years 46-99 200-2500 16-100 42-1300 15-41 57-340

10-16 Years 37-97 200-1700 20-95 78-640 9-65 35-420

>16 Years 16-100 100-2300 6-100 16-1000 7-53 25-280

Adult 38-52 191-383 37-56 184-289 0-9 0-49

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Table 7. Naïve and Memory B Cells Reference Range

Naive B-Cell (CD27-, IgD+) Memory B-Cell (CD27+, IgD+) CSMB (CD27+, IgD-) CD21lowB-Cells

Age (Years) % Count (10^6/L) % Count (10^6/L % Count (10^6/L) % Count (10^6/L)

0-1 91-96 537-1179 2-4 12-36 0.1-2 1-16 0.3-4 3-35

2-3 83-90 571-1323 4-7 38-90 1-4 13-42 1.8-3.6 15-36

4-5 76-85 334-611 4-9 25-60 3-7 16-44 1.8-5.2 8-23

6-10 70-80 133-389 7-12 22-43 5-12 16-31 0.9-3.5 3-4

11-18 75-87 171-293 5-10 12-32 3-10 10-29 0.9-3.3 2-12

19-25 66-80 92-199 7-14 12-34 7-13 10-31 0.9-3.1 6-17

26-50 58-72 112-169 13-21 22-54 9-19 18-40 1.8-4.7 4-11

Table 8. Specific Response to Pneumococcal Capsular Polysaccharide (Total IgG and IgG2) Regerence Ranges

Age Pneumococcal (Total IgG

(mg/L))

Pneumococcal

(IgG2 (mg/L))

6-12

Months

0.9-93.0 0.5-117.3

1-2 Years 0.9-29.2 0.5-87.0

2-3 Years 1.4-110.4 1.2-142.8

3-4 Years 0.8-262.1 1.2-113.4

4-8 Years 9.2-225.9 0.8-122.4

8-12 Years 11.0-320.8 1.2-107.1

12-18 Years 8.7-502.6 1.9-69.2

Adult 10.0-191.2 4.7-89.4

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Table 9. T Cell Activation Markers Reference Ranges

Activated Helper T-Cells

(CD4)

Activated Cytotoxic T-Cells(CD8)

HLA-DR+, CD38+ CD27+, CD45RA+

Age Percent CD4 (%) Absolute Count (x10^6) Percent CD8 (%) Absolute Count (x10^6)

0-6 Months 0.5-0.8 0.5-4.1

6-12 Months 0.4-1 0.6-2

12-24 Months 0.3-1.3 0.4-4.4

2-3 Years 0.6-1.2 1.3-8.8

3-4 Years 0.4-1.5 1.1-16

4-6 Years 0.3-2.5 0.5-10.7

6-9 Years 0.3-1.8 1.1-3.2

9-12 Years 0.3-2 0.9-3.6

12-15 Years 0.5-1.6 0.4-3.7

15-18 Years 0.3-1 0.9-4.2

Adult 0.5-3.3 6-27 0.-12 0-108

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Table 10. T Cell Quantitation by Flow Cytometry Reference Ranges

Total T-Cells (CD3) Helper T-Cells (CD4) Cytotoxic T-Cells (CD8)

Age Percentage

(%)

Absolute

Count (x10^6)

Percentage

(%)

Absolute Count

(x10^6)

Percentage

(%)

Absolute Count

(x10^6)

0-3 Months 53-84 2500-5500 35-64 1600-4000 12-28 560-1700

3-6 Months 51-77 2500-5600 35-56 1800-4000 12-23 590-1600

6-12 Months 49-76 1900-5900 31-56 1400-4300 12-24 500-1700

1-2 Years 53-75 2100-6200 32-51 1300-3400 14-30 620-2000

2-6 Years 56-75 1400-3700 28-47 700-2200 16-30 490-1300

6-12 Years 60-76 1200-2600 31-47 650-1500 18-35 370-1100

12-18 Years 56-84 1000-2200 31-52 530-1300 18-35 330-920

Adult 66-85 797-2996 35-60 502-1749 18-49 263-1137

Table 11. Thyroid Peroxidase Antibodies

Age TPO (IU/ml)

Newborn <117

6 Days-3 Months <47

4-12 Months <32

1-6 Years <13

7-11 Years <18

12-20 Years <26

Healthy Adults <34