HIV Prevention - SFDPH...Focus Area #1: HIV Status Awareness • What will be emphasized? • New...

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HIV Prevention HIV Prevention Update Update Grant Colfax, MD Director of HIV Prevention San Francisco Department of Public Health Community and Public Health Committee March 16, 2010

Transcript of HIV Prevention - SFDPH...Focus Area #1: HIV Status Awareness • What will be emphasized? • New...

Page 1: HIV Prevention - SFDPH...Focus Area #1: HIV Status Awareness • What will be emphasized? • New testing models, including those addressing fear, stigma, and other barriers to testing

HIV Prevention HIV Prevention UpdateUpdateGrant Colfax, MD

Director of  HIV PreventionSan Francisco Department of Public Health

Community and Public Health CommitteeMarch 16, 2010

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HIV Prevention: from the Plan to PracticeOur vision is to end new HIV infections in San FranciscoOur goal is to reduce new HIV infections by 50% by 2015

We will focus efforts in populations at the greatest HIV risk: men who have sex with men, injection drug users, and transfemales who have sex with malesWe will focus efforts in populations with  large HIV disparities: African‐American MSM, transfemales who have sex with males

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HIV Prevention SectionKey tasksPartners with 37‐member  HIV Prevention Planning Council

Emphasis on community‐based input and feedback to set prioritiesContracts with CBOs and other agencies to provide prevention programs

Allocates funding  in accordance with distribution of HIV epidemicMonitors and evaluates who we are reaching with prevention servicesRuns condom distribution program (1 million/year)

Supports agencies in delivery of prevention workOversees testing, counseling, and linkages to care (17,000 HIV tests annually)Assists agencies in delivery of interventionsCoordinates and implements health education initiatives

Conducts prevention researchDevelops and tests new prevention interventionsPerforms needs assessments of specific populationsDisseminates research findings to prevention providers and community members

Advocates for improved HIV prevention  and treatment policyInvolves local, state, national stakeholdersAddresses both fiscal and legislative  issues

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Adapted from:  El‐Sadr, et al., NEJM 2010

HIV Prevalence,  by region and subgroup

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0500

10001500200025003000350040004500

1976

1978

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Our endemics

Gay men: Endemic

Injection drug users: Endemic

Heterosexuals: Neither epidemic nor endemic

McFarland, 2009

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Relentless inevitability of infection among San Francisco MSM

Age-Specific HIV Prevalence

0%

10%

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60%

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20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60

Age

HIV

Pre

vale

nce

Blue line = probability of infection for white MSM; red = AA MSM; McFarland 2007

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Community Viral Load

Das et al., CROI 2010

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Transm

ission R

ate p

er 10

0 Person‐Years

HIV-1 RNA (copies/ml)

Quinn et al., NEJM 2000

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Charlebois et al.,  CROI 2010

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New Directions for HIV PreventionHPS will focus on priority areas in plan 

In order to reduce new HIV infections by 50% by2015, the HIV Prevention Plan prioritizes five areas:

• HIV status awareness• Prevention with positives (PWP)• Syringe access• Drivers of HIV• Structural change

Source: HPPC, 2010 San Francisco HIV Prevention Plan

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Example of the need for more HIV testing among high‐risk groupsBehavioral Risk Populations (BRPs)

At risk pop. size*

% not tested past 6 mos.**

Testing deficit, 6 mos.

MSM 48,329 54% 26,098

IDU 14,609 58% 8,473

TFSM 1880 UNK UNK

Min. total  additional tests needed every 6 months 34,571

*Based on Consensus Estimates, 2010 San Francisco HIV Prevention Plan

**Source: National HIV Behavioral Surveillance (NHBS) study, San Francisco data

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Focus Area #1: HIV Status Awareness• What will be emphasized?

• New testing models, including those addressing fear, stigma, andother barriers to testing

• More partner notification by DPH• More detection of early infection by using advanced testing technology

• Indicators of success:• Positivity rate and number of new positives identified• Frequency of testing among high‐risk populations• Linkage to medical care for HIV‐positive individuals

• Goals: • All persons at high‐risk for HIV are tested every 6 months• 90% of HIV‐positive persons are in care within 3 months of diagnosis

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Focus Area #2: Prevention with Positives (PWP)

What will be emphasized?Results that measure positive health outcomesIncreased PWP in HIV medical care settingsFocus on persons at high‐risk for transmitting HIVModels that address barriers to care, including  stigma, fear, discrimination, etc.

Indicators of success:Engagement and retention in careTreatment adherenceViral load suppression

Goal:All HIV‐positive persons in care are offered treatment90% of those on treatment have undetectable viral loads

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We are doing well, but we can do better…

Of 15,757 known HIV cases in SF21% not in routine care28% have detectable viral loadIn 2008, 329 in SF known to have viral load >100k

Correlates of higher viral load are: Transgender, homeless, IDU, African‐American, MSM‐IDU; four neighborhoods w/lowest median incomes

Source: HIV/AIDS Annual Report, 2008

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Focus Area #3: Syringe Access

What will be emphasized?Harm reductionProvision of support services with syringe access

Indicators of success:Number of syringes/sterile equipment distributedNumber of contacts made

Goal: All injectors in SF will have access to syringe access programs

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Focus Area #4: Drivers of HIVPlan definition of a driver:

Prevalence of 10% or greater in highest‐risk populationsIndependently associated with a minimum 2‐fold increase in risk for HIV infection

What will be emphasized? Drivers in the Plan:  ‐ Cocaine/crack ‐ Gonorrhea‐Methamphetamine ‐ Heavy alcohol use‐ Poppers ‐Multiple partners

Indicators of success for programs focusing on drivers:Linkage to HIV testingLinkage to careReduction in drivers

Goal: HPS‐supported programs will focus on one or more drivers

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Focus Area #5: Structural Change• Plan definition: “New or modified programs, practices, or policies that 

are logically linkable to HIV transmission and acquisition and that can be sustained over time even when key actors are no longer involved.”

• What will be emphasized? 

• HIV and STI screening and referral as standard of care in medical settings for persons at risk for HIV

• Universal healthcare coverage for PLWHA• Non‐harassment policies for drug paraphernalia • Client‐level linkages to Healthy SF  for comprehensive 

healthcare across all our HIV prevention program

• Goal: Successful implementation of structural changes that positively influence one of the other focus areas, or that are associated with declines in HIV incidence

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Next steps…Community and provider meetings to discuss and get input on these directions Continued collaboration with colleagues in HIV Health Services, Surveillance, and other DPH programsRFP release in 2010, new contracts in 2011Refinement of data systems to collect programmatic outcome dataContinued research on HIV prevention interventions, including new testing strategies and technologies, pharmacotherapies for stimulant dependence, and more…