Hiv and opportunistic infections
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Transcript of Hiv and opportunistic infections
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HIV & OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS
Presented by,THUSHARA C
PHARMACY PRACTICE
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HIV • RNA retrovirus of the genus Lentivirus that infects
and destroys vital cells of the human immune system, such as helper T cells (CD4+ cells).
• It causes the AIDS
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EPIDEMIOLOGY
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ETIOLOGYHUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS(HIV)
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TRANSMISSION OF HIV
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PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
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CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
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LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS
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MANAGEMENT NON PHARMACOLOGICAL THERAPY• Patient education• Life style modification• Sympathetic attitude,
family and public support. • Take adequate rest and
diet rich in proteins and vitamins.
• Smoking cessation• Stop drinking alcohol• Do regular exercise or
yoga.
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PHARMACOLOGICAL THERAPYANTI RETROVIRAL TREATMENT
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TREATMENT ALGORITHM
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OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS
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PNEUMOCYSTIS CARINII
Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole 15-20mg/Kg/DayPentamidine isethionate i.v. 4mg/kg/Day
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TOXOPLASMA GONDII
Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole 1 double strength tab. Oral,OD
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MYCOBACTERIUM INFECTIONS
Azithromycin 1200mg orally once weekly or
Clarithromycin 500mg Orally twice daily
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CRYPTOCOCCUS NEOFORMANS
Fluconazole,100-200mg ,orally once daily
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HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS
Acyclovir ,200mg five times
daily or
400mg ,three times daily
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VARICELLA-ZOSTER VIRUS
Acyclovir ,30mg/kg/day for atleast 7 days
Acyclovir 4g/day ,orally
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CYTOMEGALOVIRUS
Ganciclovir 7.5-10mg/kg/day,i.v.,in 2-3 equally divided dose for 14
daysMaintenance:5-6mg/kg,OD
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