History of MedicineHistory of Medicine

Dark & Middle Ages (400 AD – 1400 AD)

Dark & Middle Ages (400 AD – 1400 AD)

Custodial care with treatment by bleeding, herbs, & prayer

oWidespread tuberculosis and syphilis

Punctuated by epidemics o Bubonic

plague o Smallpox o Diphtheria

Custodial care with treatment by bleeding, herbs, & prayer

oWidespread tuberculosis and syphilis

Punctuated by epidemics o Bubonic

plague o Smallpox o Diphtheria

Renaissance (1350-1650 AD)Renaissance (1350-1650 AD)Building of Universities

around common Libraries built from texts translated from Arabic back into Latin. Universities organized around seminaries and medical schools.

Re-emergence of science and the importance of publishing along with the invention of the printing press

The debate over dissectionContinuing epidemics

Building of Universities around common Libraries built from texts translated from Arabic back into Latin. Universities organized around seminaries and medical schools.

Re-emergence of science and the importance of publishing along with the invention of the printing press

The debate over dissectionContinuing epidemics

16th & 17th Centuries (1500-1700 AD)

16th & 17th Centuries (1500-1700 AD)

Human anatomy accurately described by Leonardo da Vinci

Body circulation first described by William Harvey

Microscope invented by Antoine van Leeuwenhoek

Human anatomy accurately described by Leonardo da Vinci

Body circulation first described by William Harvey

Microscope invented by Antoine van Leeuwenhoek

18th Century (1700-1800 AD)18th Century (1700-1800 AD) Change in medical teaching to

include observation of patients and autopsies in addition to lectures and labs with dissections. Autopsies led to better understanding of causes of disease.

Stethoscope invented by Laennec

Joseph Priestly discovers oxygen and its role in respiration

Edward Jenner discovers vaccination as a method of prevention for smallpox

Change in medical teaching to include observation of patients and autopsies in addition to lectures and labs with dissections. Autopsies led to better understanding of causes of disease.

Stethoscope invented by Laennec

Joseph Priestly discovers oxygen and its role in respiration

Edward Jenner discovers vaccination as a method of prevention for smallpox

19th Century (1800-1900 AD)19th Century (1800-1900 AD)

Connection between disease of childbed fever and dirty hands established

Microorganisms linked to disease by Louis Pasteur, and the pasteurization process was introduced

Joseph Lister applied carbolic acid to kill germs in wounds – first antiseptic

Connection between disease of childbed fever and dirty hands established

Microorganisms linked to disease by Louis Pasteur, and the pasteurization process was introduced

Joseph Lister applied carbolic acid to kill germs in wounds – first antiseptic

First sterile or asepsis environment for surgery developed by Ernst von Bergmann

Robert Koch, the father of microbiology, discovers many disease causing organisms and furthers the need for cleanliness and sanitation in preventing the spread of contagious disease

1895 -- x-rays discovered by Wilhelm Roentgen, important diagnostic tool

First sterile or asepsis environment for surgery developed by Ernst von Bergmann

Robert Koch, the father of microbiology, discovers many disease causing organisms and furthers the need for cleanliness and sanitation in preventing the spread of contagious disease

1895 -- x-rays discovered by Wilhelm Roentgen, important diagnostic tool

Paul Ehrlich uses chemicals as medicines and discovers that chemicals are effective on some microorganisms but not others.

Sigmund Freud, father of modern psychology and psychiatry, established the connection between mind and body and established the presence of psychosomatic illness

Paul Ehrlich uses chemicals as medicines and discovers that chemicals are effective on some microorganisms but not others.

Sigmund Freud, father of modern psychology and psychiatry, established the connection between mind and body and established the presence of psychosomatic illness

Sulfa compounds discovered to effectively kill many bacterias. Alexander Fleming found penicillin to work better.

Virus discovered Jonas Salk and Albert Sabin

develop a new but opposite methods of vaccination and effective immunizations for polio. These methods lead to immunizations for other diseases

Watson & Crick discover the molecular structure of DNA which opens the field for identification and treatment of inherited illnesses

Sulfa compounds discovered to effectively kill many bacterias. Alexander Fleming found penicillin to work better.

Virus discovered Jonas Salk and Albert Sabin

develop a new but opposite methods of vaccination and effective immunizations for polio. These methods lead to immunizations for other diseases

Watson & Crick discover the molecular structure of DNA which opens the field for identification and treatment of inherited illnesses

20th Century (1900-2000 AD)