History of Jazz Miss Paschall 8 th Grade General Music.
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Transcript of History of Jazz Miss Paschall 8 th Grade General Music.
History of Jazz
Miss Paschall
8th Grade General Music
Blues
Developed in the 1800s Continues today Exists in every time period and style Name a modern blues musician
Ragtime (1890-1917) Composed piano
music written by African Americans
Influenced jazz Most famous
Ragtime composer is Scott Joplin
Maple Leaf Rag
New Orleans
Beginnings of Jazz
Dixieland (1900-1920s) Originated in New Orleans Combination of African and European
styles Large bands with cornet, clarinet,
trombone, banjo, tuba, and drums Tuba used instead of string bass;
sometimes these bands marched
Louis Armstrong (1901-1971)
Nickname was Satchmo Played trumpet Improvised vocally by scat singing Scat-singing is improvised singing with
nonsense words
Louis Armstrong
Louis Armstrong and Joe Oliver
Louis Armstrong Listening Examples
Jeepers Creepers
Louis Armstrong Listening Examples
St. Louis Blues
Louis Armstrong Listening Examples
Let’s Call the Whole Thing Off (with Ella Fitzgerald)
Louis Armstrong Listening Examples
They Can’t Take That Away From Me
(scat singing with Ella Fitzgerald)
Louis Armstrong Listening Examples
Hello Dolly
Louis Armstrong Listening Examples
What a Wonderful World
Boogie-Woogie (1920s-1930s) Occurred during the Great Depression Bands were smaller due to the Great
Depression and the need to save money
Piano was added because it could play more parts than any other instrument
Count Basie Topsy
Swing (1932-1942)
Large dance bands because the Great Depression was over
This happy era ended when the U.S. entered World War II
Important Swing Band Leaders: Duke Ellington, Benny Goodman, Count Basie, Glenn Miller
Duke Ellington (1899-1974) Played
piano and composed many pieces
Cottontail
Duke Ellington
Take the A Train
Benny Goodman (1909-1986) Played clarinet First popular jazz
band to include both white and black musicians
Don’t Be That Way
Benny Goodman
First jazz group to play swing music at Carnegie Hall
This gave jazz musicians greater respect
Sing Sing Sing
Count Basie (1904-1984)
Talented piano player
Led band while playing piano
Swingin the Blues
Glenn Miller (1904-1944) Played trombone Most popular swing
band at the time Entertained troops
overseas during World War II
In the Mood
Bebop (1940-1950)
Groups were smaller because of World War II
Music was often fast and complex
Dizzy Gillespie (1917-1993) Mixed jazz with
African and Cuban rhythms
Was a prankster and once kicked out of a band
Trademark--trumpet with a bent bell
Charlie Parker (1920-1955) Extremely talented
saxophone player Performed complex
solos Died at 34 because
of drug and alcohol problems
Groovin High, Parker (sax), Gillespie(tpt)
Cool Jazz (1949-1955)
Reaction to the Bebop style Much more relaxed and less complex
than Bebop music Songs are slower and longer during this
era of jazz
Miles Davis (1926-1991) Trumpet player His influence helped
the evolution of jazz Was also a boxer
and a painter So What
Decline of Jazz Jazz was “taken out of Harlem and put
in Carnegie Hall and downtown in those joints where you’ve got to be quiet. The black people split and went back to Harlem, back to the rhythm and blues, so they could have a good time.”
-tenor sax player Johnny Griffin
Decline of Jazz “White kids were jamming the rock halls
and the older people were staying home and watching TV. Maybe they found they couldn’t pat their feet to our music anymore.”
-pianist Hampton Hawes
Modern Jazz (1960-present)
Funk/Soul Avante-Garde (free jazz) Straight-ahead (traditional) Latin Jazz Fusion
Funk/Soul Reverted to basic harmonies Used funky rhythms James Brown, Jimi Hendrix, Sly Stone,
Buddy Rich Buddy Rich, Slow Funk
Avante-Garde (free jazz) Less structure John Coltrane
– Short life, but great jazz influence– Played saxophone solos an hour in length– Died from liver cancer at age 40
John Coltrane, Giant Steps
Straight-Ahead (traditional) Uses improvisation Emotional Wynton Marsalis, Sarah Vaughn,
Lincoln Center Jazz Orchestra Sarah Vaughn
– They Can’t Take That Away From Me
Straight-Ahead (traditional)
Lincoln Center Jazz Orchestra– Take the A Train
Straight-Ahead (traditional)
Wynton Marsalis– Goodbye
Latin African and Latin American rhythms
combined with jazz Carlos Santana, Tito Puente, Chick
Corea Chick Corea, Armando’s Tango;
Wigwam
Jazz Fusion
Mixed jazz with rock Chick Corea Bobby McFerrin Weather Report Blood, Sweat, and Tears
– Spinning Wheel
Bibliography Jazz: Gumbo: Beginnings: 1917. PBS (2000).
Retrieved January 9, 2007, from PowerMediaPlus.com. http://www.powermediaplus.com
Jazz: The Gift: 1917-1924: Part One. PBS (2000). Retrieved January 11, 2007 from PowerMediaPlus.com. http://www.powermediaplus.com
Jazz: The Gift: 1917-1924: Part Two. PBS (2000). Retrieved January 11, 2007 from PowerMediaPlus.com. http://www.powermediaplus.com