HISTORY OF COLONIZATION OF GA

2-COLUMN NOTES

COLONIES BEFORE GEORGIAoLeft hand side: oEngland had settled 12 colonies. o“Carolina” was founded in 1663 and divided in 1729 into North and South. oBy 1700’s the English settlers were using Indian trails through “GA” to make surprise attacks on Spanish Forts in Florida.oIn return the Spanish attacked Charles Town but were defeated.

COLONIES BEFORE GA CONT. oLeaders in England were afraid the Spanish in Florida would grow strong and come back. oLand between English Carolina and Spanish Florida became IMPORTANT!oEnglish wanted to claim land (between English Carolina and Spanish Florida) and use it as a buffer zone. oRight hand side: Draw Eastern U.S. Together we will label it.

CONDITIONS IN ENGLAND:

oLeft hand side: oFarms not producing enough food. oPeople leaving farms and going to cities. oCities overcrowded.oMany homeless and people who could not pay their bills were placed in debtors prison. oRight hand side: Draw a debtor’s prison and write why people were placed in prison.

JAMES OGLETHORPEoLeft hand side:oMember of Parliament (Government)oServed on committee to reform prison.oHad a friend that died in debtor’s prison.

OGLETHORPE CONT.

oHeard talk about a new colony in America.oTalked to friends (Trustees), together they wrote a charter to start the colony. oRight hand side: Draw Oglethorpe and have a text box of him stating why he wanted to start the colony of GA.

CHARTER OF 1732oLeft hand side: oWritten contract giving the holder the right to claim land and establish a colony. oGroup of men called Trustees wrote the charter requesting the land south of Carolina be set aside for the poor person of London, “worthy poor”oThey would name it Georgia after King George II

CHARTER OF 1732 CONT.

o3 purposes:1.Charitable: relief for debtors and “worthy poor”2.Economic: it would support itself by sending raw

materials back to England.3.Defensive: protect the settlers of Charles Town

from Spanish.

oRight hand side: Together, we will draw the Charter of 1732 and the new opportunities it provides.

MARY MUSGROVEoLeft hand side: oDaughter of white South Carolina trader and Creek Indian.oShe & her husband owned a trading post. oThey agreed to introduce Oglethorpe and Tomochichi and translate.

MARY MUSGROVE CONT.

oHer husband will die and she will remarry an EnglishmanoHer new husband will convince Mary, the British owes her more money and will encourage Mary to claim St. Catherine’s island.oRight hand side:

TOMOCHICHI

oLeft hand side:oChief of the Yamacraw Indians in Georgia. oMeets with Oglethorpe and agrees to let them stay oOrganize a meeting with a group of Creek Chiefs and Oglethorpe.

TOMOCHICHI CONT.

oAfter 3 days they sign the Treaty of Savannah1.Creeks agree to give land to colonists (land

between the Savannah and Altamaha rivers which is known as Yamacraw Bluff)

2.Colonists agree to trade with Natives.

oRight hand side: Draw Creek Chief and Oglethorpe agreeing on the terms of the Treaty of Savannah.

RULES FOR THE COLONY: oLeft hand side:oTrustees established rules that make Georgia different:1.Trustees could NOT own land in Georgia2.Trustees could not profit from the colony3.NO alcohol allowed (Rum specifically)4.NO Slaves5.Only male heirs could inherit land6.NO Catholics

RULES FOR TRUSTEE COLONY CONT. Right hand side: Draw a Welcome to GA sign and show what the Trustees prohibit in the colony (just pick 2 or 3 things to show on your sign)

ARRIVING IN GEORGIA

oLeft hand side: o1st settlers were expected to;1.Care for the house2.Care for 5 acre garden in town 3.Care for 45 acre farm in country

This will give the settler 50 acres of land total.

ARRIVING IN GA CONT.

oMany settlers (40 of the 114) end up dying within the first year.oRight hand side:oDraw the 5 acre garden in town and the 45 acre farm in the country.

SALZBURGERSoLeft hand side: oSalzburgers are German (originally from the German/Austrian border) protestants who came for religious freedom. They ask Oglethorpe to stayoJ.O. gives them a place 25 miles from Savannah. They called this Ebenezer.

SALZBURGERS CONT.

oEbenezer had poor soil (marsh land) caused them to move up river. They called this place up river, New Ebenezer.oEventually settle on St. Simons Island.

Right hand side: Draw the Savannah River and show where the Salzburgers settle.

HIGHLAND SCOTSoLeft hand side:

oMen of Scotland had a reputation of being good soldiers.

oJ.O needed to protect GA from Spanish so he recruited 175 Highland Scots to come to Savannah.

oThey settled in Darien on the Altamaha river.

oThey opposed slavery.

oRight hand side: Draw the Altamaha river and show where the Highland Scot’s settled.

MALCONTENTS

oLeft hand side:oPeople who had been living in the colony of GA for a period of time and were UNHAPPY!1.Land2.Slaves 3.Rum

oRight hand side: Draw malcontents and reasons why they’re unhappy.

These things were what the Malcontents were unhappy about

WAR OF JENKIN’S EAR/BATTLE OF BLOODY MARSHoNamed after British captain, Robert Jenkins who had ear cut off by Spanish after a raid on a ship. oOglethorpe makes failed attempt to capture St. Augustine as a result Spanish attack and attempt to destroy the GA colony. oSpanish attack St. Simon’s Island but are defeated by colonist and Native Allies during Battle of Bloody Marsh. o1748- both sides agree that the border (English GA and Spanish FL) would be St. John’s River.