History of History of BasketballBasketball

Dr. James Naismith is known Dr. James Naismith is known world-wide as the inventor of world-wide as the inventor of

basketball. He was born in basketball. He was born in 1861 in Ramsay township, 1861 in Ramsay township,

near Almonte, Ontario, near Almonte, Ontario, Canada. The concept of Canada. The concept of

basketball was born from basketball was born from Naismith's school days in the Naismith's school days in the

area where he played a simple area where he played a simple child's game known as duck-child's game known as duck-

on-a-rock outside his one-room on-a-rock outside his one-room schoolhouse.schoolhouse.

James Naismith moved on to James Naismith moved on to the YMCA Training School in the YMCA Training School in Springfield, Massachusetts, Springfield, Massachusetts, USA in 1891, where the sport USA in 1891, where the sport of basketball was born.of basketball was born.

James Naismith devised James Naismith devised rules of basketballrules of basketball

The ball may be batted in any The ball may be batted in any direction with one or both hands. direction with one or both hands.

A player cannot run with the ball. A player cannot run with the ball. The ball must be held in or between The ball must be held in or between

the hands. the hands. Goal shall be made when the ball is Goal shall be made when the ball is

thrown from the ground into the thrown from the ground into the basket and stays there, providing basket and stays there, providing those defending the goal do not those defending the goal do not touch or disturb the goal. touch or disturb the goal.

When the ball goes out of bounds, it When the ball goes out of bounds, it shall be thrown into the field and shall be thrown into the field and played by the first person touching played by the first person touching it.it.

The thrower-in is allowed 5 seconds. The thrower-in is allowed 5 seconds. The time shall be The time shall be two 15-minute two 15-minute

halveshalves with 5 minutes rest with 5 minutes rest between. between.

The side making the most goals in The side making the most goals in that time shall be declared the that time shall be declared the winners.winners.

Positions and structuresPositions and structures point guardpoint guard: usually the fastest : usually the fastest

player on the team, organizes player on the team, organizes the team's offense.the team's offense.

shooting guardshooting guard: creates a high : creates a high volume of shots on offense; volume of shots on offense; guards the opponent's best guards the opponent's best perimeter player on defense.perimeter player on defense.

small forwardsmall forward: often primarily : often primarily responsible for scoring points responsible for scoring points via cuts to the basket and via cuts to the basket and dribble penetration.dribble penetration.

power forwardpower forward: plays : plays offensively often with his back offensively often with his back to the basket; on defense, plays to the basket; on defense, plays under the basket (in a zone under the basket (in a zone defense) defense)

centercenter: uses size to score (on : uses size to score (on offense), to protect the basket offense), to protect the basket closely (on defense), or to closely (on defense), or to rebound.rebound.

EquipmentEquipment The only essential The only essential

equipment in basketball is equipment in basketball is the basketball and the the basketball and the court: a flat, rectangular court: a flat, rectangular surface with baskets at surface with baskets at opposite ends. Competitive opposite ends. Competitive levels require the use of levels require the use of more equipment such as more equipment such as clocks, scoresheets, clocks, scoresheets, scoreboard(s), alternating scoreboard(s), alternating possession arrows, and possession arrows, and whistle-operated stop-whistle-operated stop-clock systems.clock systems.

FoulsFouls Players who are fouled either receive Players who are fouled either receive

the ball to pass inbounds again, or the ball to pass inbounds again, or receive one or more receive one or more free throwsfree throws if they if they are fouled in the act of shooting, are fouled in the act of shooting, depending on whether the shot was depending on whether the shot was successful. One point is awarded for successful. One point is awarded for making a free throw, which is attempted making a free throw, which is attempted from a line 15 feet (4.5 m) from the from a line 15 feet (4.5 m) from the basket. basket.

A player or coach who shows poor A player or coach who shows poor sportsmanship, for instance, by arguing sportsmanship, for instance, by arguing with a referee or by fighting with with a referee or by fighting with another player, can be charged with a another player, can be charged with a more serious foul called a technical foul. more serious foul called a technical foul. The penalty involves free throws (which The penalty involves free throws (which unlike a personal foul, the other team unlike a personal foul, the other team can choose any player to shoot the free can choose any player to shoot the free throws) and varies between leagues. throws) and varies between leagues.

Repeated incidents can result in Repeated incidents can result in disqualification.disqualification.

HeightHeight

At the professional level, most male players are above 6 ft 3 in (1.90 At the professional level, most male players are above 6 ft 3 in (1.90 m) and most women above 5 ft 7 in (1.70 m). Guards, for whom m) and most women above 5 ft 7 in (1.70 m). Guards, for whom physical coordination and ball-handling skills are crucial, tend to physical coordination and ball-handling skills are crucial, tend to be the smallest players. Most centers are over 6 ft 10 in (2.1 m) be the smallest players. Most centers are over 6 ft 10 in (2.1 m) tall. According to a survey given to all NBA teams, the average tall. According to a survey given to all NBA teams, the average height of all NBA players is just under 6 ft 7 in (2.01 m), with the height of all NBA players is just under 6 ft 7 in (2.01 m), with the average weight being close to 222 lb (101 kg). The tallest players average weight being close to 222 lb (101 kg). The tallest players ever in the NBA were Manute Bol and Gheorghe Mureşan, who ever in the NBA were Manute Bol and Gheorghe Mureşan, who were both 7 ft 7 in (2.31 m) tall. The tallest current NBA player is were both 7 ft 7 in (2.31 m) tall. The tallest current NBA player is Yao Ming, who stands at 7 ft 6 in (2.29 m).Yao Ming, who stands at 7 ft 6 in (2.29 m).

TrophysTrophys

Famous playersFamous players

Michael Jordan Pau Gasol Marc GasolRudy Fernández