HISTORY OF BAHAY NAKPIL-BAUTISTA

Built in: 1994Location: Hidalgo St. Quiapo, ManilaOwner: Dr. Ariston Bautista and Petrona NakpilArchitect: Arcadio Arellano

Bahay Nakpil is located at the Heart of Quiapo which is a district and a primary city square of Manila. It derives its name from the water cabbage (Pistia stratiotes), which is named Quiapo or Kiapo in the Tagalog language. Referred to as the "Old Downtown of Manila", Quiapo is home to the Quiapo Church, where the feast of the Black Nazarene is held with millions of people attending annually. Quiapo has also made a name for itself as a place for marketplace bargain hunting.

Plaza Miranda, in the heart of the Quiapo district, is a town square named after Jose Sandino y Miranda, who served as secretary of the treasury of the Philippines from 1853 to 1863. It is located in front of the Quiapo Church, and has become a popular site of political rallies. On August 21, 1971, while the Liberal Party held their Miting de Avance in the plaza, a bomb exploded, killing nine and injuring almost 100 civilians.

The Quiapo district is also home to a sizable Muslim population in Manila. The Golden Mosque and Green Mosque are located there.

In recent years, the local government of Manila, spearheaded by then Mayor Lito Atienza, launched the Buhayin ang Maynila ("Revitalize Manila") project which greatly rehabilitated Quiapo and its vicinities, most especially Plaza Miranda, the Arsenio Lacson Underpass and the University Belt. Parts of Rizal Avenue, starting from Carriedo Street to Recto Avenue, were converted into pedestrian shopping arcades.Since the American insular government and commonwealth periods through to the late 1970s, Quiapo shared its status as the center of the activities of Manila's social elites as well as trade, fashion, art and higher learning with its surrounding vicinities (Avenida Rizal, Binondo, Santa Cruz, Escolta and the Manila University Belt). However, with the construction of the Manila Light Rail Transit System's Yellow Line spanning over Rizal Avenue, the occlusion of light, the trapping of smog and vehicle emissions left the streets beneath dark, gloomy and with an increase in crime and transients. Consequently, many long-time establishments vacated the area. Following the People Power Revolution in 1986, the vibrancy of Quiapo further diminished, with the void filled by makeshift markets to accommodate visitors to the Quiapo Church

Quiapo is geographically located at the very center of the city of Manila. It is bounded by Estero de San Miguel to the South, San Miguel to the east, Recto Avenue to the north and Quezon Boulevard to the west.

BAHAY NAKPIL-BAUTISTAAn architecturally significant historical Philippine site, stands at the heart of Quiapo, Manila on a colonial era street now named after its famous resident, Dr. Ariston Bautista, who built this house with his wife Petrona Nakpil in 1914 on the site of a previous Nakpil house. Petronas two brothers, Julio and Ramon, also lived here.Arcadio Arellano built the house for Dr. Ariston Bautista and his wife, Petrona Nakpil, which survives on 432 Barbosa Street (now A. Bautista Street), Quiapo, two blocks away from the Enriquez house. Built in 1914, the house is typical of its period: in the lower storey, thin, narrow, brick walls pressed together by wooden studs; upstairs, rooms aired by large calados and shaded by sufficient media aguas.It has features typical of Manila houses following the destructive earthquake of 1880: in the ground story, the brick walls are noticeably thin (21 cm.) while the wooden posts are connected with each other with several horizontal slats to carry the bricks. Instead of making the stone walls thick to resist earthquakes, the builders shifted their bet to multiple joints in the wooden framework that carried the bricks. Over the brickwork a protective lime mixture was plastered.The Nakpil-Bautista House also housed the original Black Nazarene statue of Quiapo Church during the World War II bombings.

Key figures in Philippine history who had lived in the Nakpil-Bautista House

Dr. Ariston Bautista One of the first professors in the University of the Philippines College of Medicine, also invented a medicine to combat cholera.

Gregoria de Jesus (Oriang)The founder and vice-president of the women's chapter of the Katipunan of the Philippines. She was also the custodian of the documents and seal of the Katipunan. She married Gat Andrs Bonifacio, the Supremo of the Katipunan and President of the Katagalugan Revolutionary Government. She played a major and one of the important roles in the Philippine Revolution. After the death of Bonifacio, she married Julio Nakpil, one of the generals of the revolution. She had one son from Andrs Bonifacio and five children from Julio Nakpil.

Julio NakpilA Filipino musician, composer and a General during the Philippine Revolution against Spain. He was a member of the Katipunan, a secret society turned revolutionary government which was formed to overthrow the Spanish government in the Philippines. His Katipunan adoptive name was J. Giliw or simply Giliw. He was commissioned by Gat Andres Bonifacio, President of the Revolutionary Government, to compose a hymn which was intended to become the National Anthem of the Philippines. That hymn was entitled "Marangal na Dalit ng Katagalugan". Thus, he is mostly remembered as the composer of the first National Anthem of the Philippines.

Juan NakpilA Filipinoarchitect, teacher and a community leader. In 1973, he was named one of theNational Artistsfor architecture, and tapped as the Dean of Filipino Architects.Dr. Ariston Bautista was a fellow of our great national hero in a medicine school in Madrid. Being an Ilustrado, Dr. Bautista joined the La Solidaridad - a propaganda newspaper to awaken patriotism and freedom - with Jose Rizal, Juan Luna, Graciano Lopez Jaena, Marcelo H Del Pilar and other. Later on Dr. Ariston Bautista joined the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Santo Tomas and became the first ever Filipino Dean of College of Medicine and Surgery of the University of the Philippines - Philippine General Hospital. Dr. Bautista and Petrona Nakpil-Bautista never had a child. Dr. Ariston Bautista and Petrona Nakpil-Bautista shared this Bahay na Bato to the Vice Supremo of the Katipunan Julio Nakpil and his wife Gregoria de Jesus. When Andres Bonifacio was assassinated in Cavite the young "Oryang" Gregoria de Jesus was left alone. They had one child but died early. Julio Nakpil being the Vice Supremo of the katipunan took care of the Supremo's wife. Later on they fell in love and get married and had children. Julio Nakpil a composer and his wife Gregoria de Jesus lived in the house with Dr. Ariston Bautista and Petrona Nakpil-Bautista until their death in the 1940's and 1960's. Julio Nakpil and Petrona Nakpil-Bautista were siblings.

Inside The Bahay Nakpil

Replica of the Cedula that was teared by the Kapituneros as a symbol of freedom from the Spaniards. This is your ticket to the house.

Displays that tells the history of Quiapo and other structures found in Quiapo

Displays that shows the family or Philippine figures who lived in Bahay Nakpil

Replica of Black Nazarene: The Nakpil-Bautista House also housed the original Black Nazarene statue of Quiapo Church during the World War II bombings.

Left: Letter of Emilio Jacinto to Julio Nakpil (April 11, 1897)Right: Letter of Andres Bonifacio to Julio Nalpil (April 24, 1887)

History would tell us that Gregoria de Jesus loves coffee to the point that she became and addict, thus this coffee grinder was an essential to the kitchen.

Saya of Gregorial De Jesus

Cooking Utensils made by Gregoria De Jesus

Bed of Gregoria De Jesus

Tumba-Tumba where Oryang would seat and contemplate about life

Part of the Bahay Nakpil where the life Gregoria De Jesus is portrayed through the paintings displayed. Starting from her marriage to Andres Bonifacio and her second marriage to Julio Nakpil.

Some of the Displays Shows the History about KKK, about how they were torture, their beliefs on anting-anting and how they recruit members were the idea of networking was used or maybe originated.